<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;">It also depends on how far back we’re talking about. If we’re talking about the period when the ancestors of the Micmac and Maliseet entered the Maritimes, they might well have displaced speakers of some language that’s unrelated to anything we know about now. I also doubt that Iroquoian was ever spoken in that area. <div><br></div><div>Micmac and, to a lesser degree, Maliseet-Passamaquoddy have lost a striking amount of PA lexicon, tho it has yet to be demonstrated that any of it is borrowed rather than just coined from native material.<br><div><br></div><div>Dave Costa<br><div><br></div><div><br><div><blockquote type="cite"><div lang="EN-CA" link="blue" vlink="purple" fpstyle="1" ocsi="0" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 10pt;">Ah, well, if the Wendat borrowed the word for Inuit from an Algonquian language, that at least suggests that Inuktitut probably can't be completely ruled out as a potential model for the dual as well.<br><div><br><div style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 13px;"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Aboriginal Sans';">ᐋᐧᐱ ᑭᐦᐃᐤ</span></b></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: gray;">Arok Wolvengrey</span></b></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Professor, Algonquian Languages and Linguistics and</span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Department Head of Indigenous Languages, Arts and Cultures</span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">First</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Nations University of Canada</span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1 First Nations Way</span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Regina</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">, SK S4S 7K2</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">phone: (306) 790-5950 ext. 3310</span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">fax: (306) 790-5995</span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e-mail: <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:awolvengrey@fnuniv.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">awolvengrey@fnuniv.ca</a></span></div></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px;"><hr tabindex="-1"><div id="divRpF261121" style="direction: ltr;"><font face="Tahoma" size="2"><b>From:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>John Steckley [<a href="mailto:John.Steckley@humber.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">John.Steckley@humber.ca</a>]<br><b>Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>November 19, 2014 3:53 PM<br><b>To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wolvengrey, Arok; Danielle E. Cyr<br><b>Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a><br><b>Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>RE: Re[2]: [Algonquiana] Prehistoric Language contact ?<br></font><br></div><div></div><div><div class="WordSection1"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Arok:</span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">I think that you are probably right. At least with presenting the forms that the dual took in Wendat it can be, as the police say, eliminated from our inquiries as a suspect. There are a number of grammatical elements that the two languages share. The inclusive/exclusive distinction and a locative suffix, which in Wendat usually is -ye-, come immediately to mind. The Wendat did borrow some lexical items from Algonquians. The word for the Inuit, which is unique to Wendat of the Iroquoian languages, and their word for caribou are two that are clearly borrowed. </span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">John</span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span></p><div><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223); border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 3pt 0cm 0cm;"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wolvengrey, Arok [<a href="mailto:awolvengrey@firstnationsuniversity.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">mailto:awolvengrey@firstnationsuniversity.ca</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br><b>Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>November 19, 2014 4:46 PM<br><b>To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>John Steckley; Danielle E. Cyr<br><b>Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a><br><b>Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>RE: Re[2]: [Algonquiana] Prehistoric Language contact ?</span></div></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </p><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Again, I stand to be corrected, but it doesn't seem as if Micmac would have borrowed the actual form from anywhere - (? it seems to have narrowed its plural for use as its dual and innovated a new plural from existing lexical/grammatical material ?). It may just have been the model from some other (non-Algonquian) language(s) that triggered its innovation.</span></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span></p><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt;">ᐋᐧᐱ</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Aboriginal Sans', serif;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt;">ᑭᐦᐃᐤ</span></b><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: gray;">Arok Wolvengrey</span></b><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Professor, Algonquian Languages and Linguistics and</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Department Head of Indigenous Languages, Arts and Cultures</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">First Nations University of Canada</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1 First Nations Way</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Regina, SK S4S 7K2</span><span style=""></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">phone: (306) 790-5950 ext. 3310</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">fax: (306) 790-5995</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e-mail: <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:awolvengrey@fnuniv.ca" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">awolvengrey@fnuniv.ca</a></span><span style=""></span></div></div></div><div><div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: center;"><span style=""><hr size="2" width="100%" align="center"></span></div><div id="divRpF740784"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>John Steckley [<a href="mailto:John.Steckley@humber.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">John.Steckley@humber.ca</a>]<br><b>Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>November 19, 2014 3:40 PM<br><b>To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Danielle E. Cyr<br><b>Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wolvengrey, Arok;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a><br><b>Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>RE: Re[2]: [Algonquiana] Prehistoric Language contact ?</span><span style=""></span></p></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Danielle:</span><span style=""></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">I don't know what I was thinking (it's late in the day and I have been in my office for most of it). The dual also appears in the patient. Both as agent and patient it usually takes a -yi-, with some changes caused by the sounds that appear before it. In terms of the structure of the pronominal prefix, it comes at the end.</span><span style=""></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">John</span><span style=""></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223); border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 3pt 0cm 0cm;"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Danielle E. Cyr [<a href="mailto:dcyr@yorku.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">mailto:dcyr@yorku.ca</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br><b>Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>November 19, 2014 4:34 PM<br><b>To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>John Steckley<br><b>Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wolvengrey, Arok;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a><br><b>Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re[2]: [Algonquiana] Prehistoric Language contact ?</span><span style=""></span></div></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style=""> </span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">John and Arok,</span><span style=""></span></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Thanks for your quick reply. Researching phonetic similarities would be a great start. I was rather thinking of lexical borrowings but your insight widens my interest !</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Danielle</span><span style=""></span></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Dr. Danielle E. Cyr, Senior Scholar at York University</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">339, boul. Perron ouest</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">New Richmond, QC, <span class="apple-tab-span"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>G0C 2BO</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><a href="mailto:dcyr@yorku.ca" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">dcyr@yorku.ca</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>- 418.392.7271</span><span style=""></span></div></div><blockquote style="border-style: none none none solid; border-left-color: black; border-left-width: 1.5pt; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 4pt; margin-left: 3.75pt; margin-top: 5pt; margin-bottom: 5pt;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">---- Original Message ----<br><b>From</b>: John Steckley <<a href="mailto:John.Steckley@humber.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">John.Steckley@humber.ca</a>><br><b>To</b>: "Wolvengrey, Arok" <<a href="mailto:awolvengrey@firstnationsuniversity.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">awolvengrey@firstnationsuniversity.ca</a>>, "Danielle E. Cyr" <<a href="mailto:dcyr@yorku.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">dcyr@yorku.ca</a>>, "<a href="mailto:ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a>" <<a href="mailto:ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a>><br><b>Sent</b>: Wed, Nov 19, 2014, 4:29 PM<br><b>Subject</b>: RE: [Algonquiana] Prehistoric Language contact ?</span><span style=""></span></p><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Danielle/Arok:</span><span style=""></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Wendat has a well-developed system of dual pronominal prefixes as agents (but not patients). Presumably St. Lawrence Iroquoian did as well. It would be interesting to see whether some phonetic similarities appear between Mi'kmaq/Maliseet dual forms and those that Wendat has.</span><span style=""></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">John</span><span style=""></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223); border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 3pt 0cm 0cm;"><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Algonquiana [<a href="mailto:algonquiana-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">mailto:algonquiana-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b>On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Wolvengrey, Arok<br><b>Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>November 19, 2014 4:18 PM<br><b>To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Danielle E. Cyr;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a><br><b>Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Algonquiana] Prehistoric Language contact ?</span><span style=""></span></div></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style=""> </span></p><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Hi Danielle,</span><span style=""></span></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">I'm not aware of anything actually written with regard to this, but there was some brief discussion at the recent Algonquian conference (or was it online???) about the possible source or model for the introduction of the dual as a category in Micmac (and Maliseet?). Inuktitut could be one source, but Iroquoian was perhaps (?) favoured suggesting some contact in the (lower? south eastern?) Great Lakes area. Others far more knowledgeable about the Eastern languages, please feel free to shoot these thoughts down as required.</span><span style=""></span></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt;">ᐋᐧᐱ ᑭᐦᐃᐤ</span></b><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: gray;">Arok Wolvengrey</span></b><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Professor, Algonquian Languages and Linguistics and</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Department Head of Indigenous Languages, Arts and Cultures</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">First Nations University of Canada</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">1 First Nations Way</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Regina, SK S4S 7K2</span><span style=""></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">phone: (306) 790-5950 ext. 3310</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">fax: (306) 790-5995</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">e-mail: <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:awolvengrey@fnuniv.ca" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">awolvengrey@fnuniv.ca</a></span><span style=""></span></div></div></div><div><div class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><hr size="2" width="100%" align="center"></span></div><div id="divRpF405486"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Algonquiana [<a href="mailto:algonquiana-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">algonquiana-bounces@listserv.linguistlist.org</a>] on behalf of Danielle E. Cyr [<a href="mailto:dcyr@yorku.ca" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">dcyr@yorku.ca</a>]<br><b>Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>November 19, 2014 3:05 PM<br><b>To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">ALGONQUIANA@LISTSERV.LINGUISTLIST.ORG</a><br><b>Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[Algonquiana] Prehistoric Language contact ?</span><span style=""></span></p></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Hello All,</span><span style=""></span></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Beside </span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="">DENNY, Peter J. 2003. Early Signs of Eastern Algonquians.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>Essays in Algonquian, Catawban and Siouan Linguistics in Memory of Frank T. Siebert Jr.</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Blair A. Rudes and David J. Costa. Winnipeg: Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics, Memoir 16, p. 15-36.</span><span style=""></span></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">does anyone know about literature discussing prehistoric language contacts between Proto Eastern Algonquian and other older languages ?</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Thanks in advance,</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Danielle Cyr</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">___________________________________________</span><span style=""></span></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">Dr. Danielle E. Cyr, Senior Scholar at York University</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">339, boul. Perron ouest</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">New Richmond, QC, <span class="apple-tab-span"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span> G0C 2BO</span><span style=""></span></div></div><div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"><a href="mailto:dcyr@yorku.ca" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">dcyr@yorku.ca</a><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>- 418.392.7271</span><span style=""></span></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;"> </span><span style=""></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;">CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This email and attached material are intended for the use of the individual or organization to whom they are addressed and may not be distributed, copied, or disclosed to other unauthorized persons. 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