Hi, David and all,<div><br></div><div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Shameless plug follows.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Cena & Nolasco (2011) and Cena (2011) analyze the affix
structure of verbs to consist of three categories: voice, aspect, and mode (VAM
rather than TAM), continuing the work started in Wolfenden (1969). Voice and
Aspect are inflectional, while Mode is derivational. The voice morpheme serves
as the head of the clause. It needs an appropriate DP that it can mark as the
performer of the thematic role that it expresses. (It has a case to
assign.) <span> </span>The appropriate argument of V raises
to spec of IP and receives the absolutive <i>ang</i>. With respect to the
specific points you raised, <i>-um-</i> (<i>b<u>um</u>ili</i>) and <i>-in-</i>
(<i>b<u>in</u>ili</i>) are treated as aspect markers. The suffix <i>-in</i> is the patient voice marker (<i>bilih<u>in</u></i>),
while zero is the actor voice marker. The <i>-um-</i> paradigm is irregular,
all other affix voice paradigms are regular and comparable. The irregularity of
the <i>-um-affix</i> stems from the fact that the aspect Begun uses it as well
(<i>b<u>um</u>ili</i>, <i>b<u>um</u>ibili</i>), rather than switching to an <i>n</i> variant, the
way the infinitive of <i>mag</i>-verbs do it, for example, <i><u>m</u>agbili</i> becomes <i><u>n</u>agbili</i>
and <i><u>n</u>agbibili</i>. But then, <i>-um-</i>
cannot use <i>-in-</i> to express Begun, for that would be the same form as
the Begun aspects of a patient verb. It could have invented *<i>-un-</i>, to
distinguish it from <i>-in-</i>, but, I guess, it must be thinking, “Well, I
already have the <i>-um-</i> form, so I’ll just use it rather than invent
another infix. That should confuse linguists.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I hope this, um, helps. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Wolfenden, Elmer. 1969?. <i>A
restatement of Tagalog grammar</i>. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Cena, Resty & Ricky Nolasco. 2011. <i>Gramatikang Filipino: Balangkasan</i>. U.P. Press (Real soon now).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Cena, Resty. 2011. <i>Sintaks
ng Filipino</i>. Project report submitted to NCCA, Philippines.</p>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On Sun, Aug 7, 2011 at 8:00 PM, <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:an-lang-request@anu.edu.au">an-lang-request@anu.edu.au</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
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Today's Topics:<br>
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1. query: aspect and/or tense in tagalog and other Philippine<br>
languages (David Gil)<br>
<br>
<br>
----------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
<br>
Message: 1<br>
Date: Sun, 07 Aug 2011 21:53:25 +0800<br>
From: David Gil <<a href="mailto:gil@eva.mpg.de">gil@eva.mpg.de</a>><br>
Subject: [An-lang] query: aspect and/or tense in tagalog and other<br>
Philippine languages<br>
To: Austronesian languages <<a href="mailto:an-lang@anu.edu.au">an-lang@anu.edu.au</a>><br>
Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:4E3E98D5.4010805@eva.mpg.de">4E3E98D5.4010805@eva.mpg.de</a>><br>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed<br>
<br>
Dear all,<br>
<br>
I would like to solicit your insights with regard to a rather specific<br>
question concerning the semantic description of verbal inflection in<br>
Tagalog and other Philippine languages.<br>
<br>
I am interested in whether paradigms such as, for example, the Tagalog<br>
actor-focus forms for 'run' /tumakbo/, /tumatakbo/, and /tatakbo/ are<br>
most appropriately described as involving a contrast in aspect (as is, I<br>
believe, most commonly assumed to be the case), or rather tense or even<br>
mood. I would greatly appreciate (a) bibliographical references to<br>
works which explicitly discuss this issue, for Tagalog or other<br>
Philippine languages, and (b) any thoughts of your own on this issue.<br>
<br>
Of course, it is possible that such paradigms reflect a combination of<br>
aspect and also tense or mood. For example, the above Tagalog paradigm<br>
appears to result from the addition of one or both of two morphemes,<br>
initial CV- reduplication, sometimes said to mark the imperfective, plus<br>
the infix /-um-/, which, in addition to marking actor-focus, also<br>
expresses what could possibly be analyzed as non-future tense or realis<br>
mood.<br>
<br>
Looking forward to any comments and suggestions you might have on this<br>
issue.<br>
<br>
Many thanks,<br>
<br>
David<br>
<br>
--<br>
David Gil<br>
<br>
Department of Linguistics<br>
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology<br>
Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany<br>
<br>
Telephone: 49-341-3550321 Fax: 49-341-3550119<br>
Email: <a href="mailto:gil@eva.mpg.de">gil@eva.mpg.de</a><br>
Webpage: <a href="http://www.eva.mpg.de/~gil/" target="_blank">http://www.eva.mpg.de/~gil/</a><br>
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End of An-lang Digest, Vol 98, Issue 2<br>
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</blockquote></div><br></div>