<div dir="ltr">Dear Christoph,<div><br></div><div>I wonder if you've looked into the treatment of proximal-medial-distal demonstratives in Japanese and Korean, which due to extensive contact or other reasons, behave quite similarly in discourse: one main factor is that only distal demonstratives can be used to refer to entities that are "removed" from the "here and now" context.</div><div><br></div><div>So, you can say the following to refer to "that guy" (= 'some random guy') in both Japanese and Korean, using either distal or the medial demonstratives:</div><div><br></div><div>Jp ano aitsu</div><div>Kr jeo nom</div><div> DIST guy 'that guy (over there)'</div><div><br></div><div>Jp sono aitsu</div><div>Kr geu nom</div><div> MED guy 'that guy (near the listener)'</div><div><br></div><div>However, one can't really use the proximal demonstratives for anyone removed from the 'here and now' context (which is unlike the English use of 'there was this guy the other day...'):</div><div><br></div><div>Jp *kono aitsu</div><div>Kr *i nom</div><div> PROX guy 'this guy (discussed abstractly)'</div><div><br></div><div>Perhaps another avenue you could explore is what devices Tiang speakers use when they do a word search. For Japanese and Korean speakers, they pretty much use distal and medial demonstratives exclusively for this purpose - and this is where they differ slightly: in Japanese, most speakers utter an extended "ano" (distal), while some utter a "sono" (medial). In Korean, these are switched - in my experience, more speakers use the medial "geu" for most word searches, while extended word searches involve an elongated form of the distal "jeo". </div><div><br></div><div>I'm not sure if this is helpful (I hope it is), but this is something that has been on the back of my mind for awhile now.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Best,</div><div><br></div><div>Ed</div><div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Jan 27, 2021 at 10:23 PM Christoph Holz <<a href="mailto:christoph.holz@my.jcu.edu.au">christoph.holz@my.jcu.edu.au</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB">Dear all,<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB">I am working on a paper about the discourse functions of ‘visible’ and ‘invisible’ demonstratives, with a focus on Tiang (a Meso Melanesian language from New Ireland, PNG, which I am doing
fieldwork on).<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p style="margin:0cm;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB">Are you aware of other languages with a ‘visible’/‘invisible’ distinction in demonstratives, and whether ‘visible’ and ‘invisible’ demonstratives differ in their discourse functions? I am interested
in which demonstratives can act as anaphors and/or cataphors, and whether certain demonstratives are more frequent in a certain function. Most grammars do not really talk about this… Information on any language (Austronesian, Papuan, other language families)
would be a great help.<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB">Kind regards,<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p style="margin:0cm;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB">Christoph<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p style="margin:0cm;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">
<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB">Christoph Holz<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB">PhD Candidate<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:12pt" lang="EN-GB">James Cook University<u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Calibri,sans-serif" lang="EN-GB">Cairns, Australia</span><br>
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</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div>Edmundo Cruz Luna, PhD</div><div>Visiting Associate Professor</div><div>Kyushu University</div><div>Faculty of Humanities</div><div>Department of English Language and Literature</div><div><div><a href="mailto:ed.lawar.ijo@gmail.com" style="font-size:12.8px" target="_blank">ed.lawar.ijo@gmail.com</a><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>