From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 16:02:50 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 10:02:50 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Arabic Web Design Query
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.100250.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
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-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Arabic Web Design Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: Sana'a Almoumen <sanaa at comp.lancs.ac.uk>
Subject: Arabic Web Design Query

Dear all,

I'd like to ask for any help in getting Information resources
(references , publications, or Web sites) that talk about the technology
support the design and the development of the Internet (Web) sites,
specifically for the Arabic and the Islamic cultures. It will be great
if  I can have any publications about the technology support the
Internet\Electronic commerce for the Arabic and Islamic cultures too.

I appreciate any suggestions or recommendation that can help me in my
research.

Thank you.

         Sana'a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 16:03:44 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 10:03:44 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Sweet Talk Query
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.100344.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
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-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Sweet Talk Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: Russell Arent <rarent at STCLOUDSTATE.EDU>
Subject: Sweet Talk Query

I am attempting to incorporate a small section on the phenomenon of 'sweet
talk' in a manuscript and have run into some confusion over which term(s)
might be in present use.  I have heard that some Arabic native speakers use
"mujaamala" (from the root: jeem, meem, laam); one of the meanings listed
for that word in Wehr is 'flattery' (3rd edition, p.137). I have located
two dictionaries thus far which specifically address the issue. In Hasan S.
Karmi's "Al-Mughni Al-Akbar", the word "zahlaja" (from the root:?)is listed
as the only entry for "sweet talk" (p.1415).  In a 1994 edition of
"Al-Mawrid" the word "yatamalaq" is listed for "sweet-talk" (p.937), the
root of which (meem, lam, qaf) according to Wehr means "to flatter"
(p.921). I have also heard that "musaayara" (from the root:seen, yaa, raa)
may be in use in Palestine/Israel, though it's meaning is listed as
"adaptation, adjustment" in Wehr (3rd edition, p.447).

Is there any relevant literature on this subject?  Would anyone happen to
know which term(s) are in present use in the colloquial varieties in
specific regions of the Arab world?  I am most interested in the Levant and
Gulf regions, but am curious about the others as well. Is there a single
accepted term in MSA (i.e., fuSHaa)?

Thank you in advance for any further elaborations/clarifications/corrections.

Regards,

Russ Arent

P.S. I'm aware that the $50 required for the 4th edition of Wehr (now
available in the US in paperback) is well worth the money, but haven't
gotten around to buying it yet, so my apologies if the newer edition has
more information on this  term.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 16:01:16 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 10:01:16 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Ghost-editing Thanks
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.100116.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Ghost-editing Thanks

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: moderator
Subject: Ghost-editing Thanks

Hi,
I've just returned from six months in the Middle East (most of it spent
directing an intensive Arabic program).  I would like to thank my assistant
Ben Huyk who Ghost-moderated Arabic-L while I was away.  It turned out to
be a harder job than he thought he had taken on, but he appreciated getting
to know all of you in your "net personalities".  I think he did a good job.
Thanks, Ben.
Dil

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 15:56:51 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 09:56:51 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Exeter Jobs
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.095651.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Exeter Jobs

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: M.S.Omri at exeter.ac.uk
Subject: Exeter Jobs

Positions in the Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies
University of Exeter

1. Lecturer in Arabic 	(Ref:4124)
You will have an established record of teaching Arabic as a foreign
language and a preparedness to work with the most modern audio-visual and
IT equipment relevant for language teaching.  This is a permanent
appointment.

2. Lecturer in Arabic  (Ref: 4125)
You will have both relevant research interests and an established record of
teaching Arabic as a foreign language.  This is available for one year.

Salary will be up to £19, 197 p.a. on the Lecturer A scale £16,655 -£2>1,815
p.a. (under review).

Information from Personnel, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ; fax
f++ +44 (0)1392 263 122 or e-mail  m.bergondo-castro at exeter.ac.uk,
quoting appropriate reference number. Closing date 3 August 1999

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 16:11:26 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 10:11:26 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Linguashpere Request
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.101126.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Linguashpere Request

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: David Dalby <dalby at linguasphere.org>
Subject: Linguashpere Request

The Linguasphere Observatory (a non-profit linguistic research association)
is contacting linguists specialising in the study of Semitic languages for
the purposes of their collaboration in the ÎLinguasphere Register of the
World's Languages and Speech CommunitiesÌ - the first detailed
classification of over 20,000 languages and dialects.

We would be very grateful to receive any comments or criticisms on an
extract from the Register covering Semitic languages.  The extract can be
viewed and downloaded (together with an explanation of the methodology used
entitled Îextract guideÌ) from our website - www.linguasphere.org - by
selecting the ÎDownload ExtractsÌ button on the homepage.  Any scientific
support  will of course be fully acknowledged.

With the generous support of the British Academy, we are now establishing
the methods by which incoming data will be gathered, assessed and
incorporated into the Register.  It is intended to establish these methods
through the more extensive development of the RegisterÌs coverage of the
languages spoken within a small number of selected geographical areas.

One of these selected areas is the Middle East and North Africa and The
procedure will be (1) to gather the latest available data on the
nomenclature, distribution, use and dialectology of the Semitic languages
and speech communities within this area and to integrate these Ò including
full information on the sources - into the Register; 2) to establish links
(including website links) with other existing or proposed sources of data on
the languages and societies concerned, including the preparation of a small
database on the scholars and institutions concerned with the languages of
the selected area.

The results of the research covered in this application will be made
publicly available on completion via the Linguasphere Website.


David Dalby
Director - Linguasphere Observatory
Hebron
Wales SA34 0XT
dalby at linguasphere.org
http://www.linguasphere.org

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul  9 14:52:49 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 08:52:49 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Maltese Grammar Query
Message-ID: <FRI.9.JUL.1999.085249.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 09 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Maltese Grammar Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: Martha Schulte-Nafeh <marthas at elp.rr.com>
Subject: Maltese Grammar Query

Hi there,
I am in need of a basic reference grammar for Maltese Arabic. My library
doesn't have one and so I will need to get one through interlibrary loan.
I would appreciate recommendations. The more detailed bibliographic
information I can get the better. ISBN number would be great but not
essential. Ideally I would like one that is written more for 'academic'
rather than pedagogical purposes. I am not going to be using it to learn
Maltese (as much as I wish I had time to do that). I just need to be able to
quickly find basic information about morphology and syntax of the language
and sometimes pedagogical grammars have a pretty fragmented presentation of
the grammar.

Peace,
Martha

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 09 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul  9 14:51:32 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 08:51:32 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Teaching Script Research Query
Message-ID: <FRI.9.JUL.1999.085132.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 09 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Teaching Script Research Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: Brian Bishop <bdb at email.byu.edu>
Subject: Teaching Script Research Query

I am interested in finding any studies or papers which have been done on
the teaching of Arabic script to non-native speakers of Arabic.  Any
assistance would be greatly appreciated.

Brian Bishop
Brigham Young University

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 09 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul  9 15:01:44 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 09:01:44 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Windows Responses
Message-ID: <FRI.9.JUL.1999.090144.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 09 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Windows Response
2) Subject: Windows Response
3) Subject: Windows Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: uns2 <w_samy at aucegypt.edu>
Subject: Windows Response

I am not clear on exactly what the problem is.
However, on the Windows CD are two subdirectories.
One is called Enabled, and the other Localised.
Each has a complete system, the difference is that
the Enabled one gives you English menus.  The
Localised gives Arabic menus.
One of the ways to install Windows is to boot your
PC with 'CD support', then change directory to the
CD, to the Enabled subdirectory on the Win98
CD, and from there run the setup program.

If I have understood correctly, you are planning to
keep an English version of Windows as well as the
Arabic one.  In my estimation, this is quite unnecessary.

Waheed

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: GnhBos at aol.com
Subject: Windows Response

Dear Mohammad,

I am sorry about your troubles and you having to go all the way
to the "Gulf" to pay for a Full Version, that you did not need in
the  first place. MS Arabic Windows 98 Upgrade would upgrade
your English Windows.

Partitioning your hard drive is no longer required, as before, with
MS Arabic Win 95 (being a FAT 16). Now, the Arabic version of
MS Windows 98 is as superior as the English version. Having
said that, you may NOT switch between the Localized and the
Enabled versions when you please, this option is ONLY valid
during installation. I suggest that you uninstall the Localized
Version, then, install the Enabled.

Option one for Installing Windows 98:

In order to install Arabic Windows 98 the CD-ROM drive must first
work under MS-DOS. Please make sure your CD-ROM drive is accessible
under DOS. Most PC manufacturers shipped their Windows 95 systems
with the CD-ROM drive not working under DOS. So you have to contact
your PC hardware manufacturer for instructions on editing your
[config.sys] and [autoexec.bat] files, to make the CD-ROM work
under DOS.

1) edit your [CONFIG.SYS] file and add a 'DEVICE='statement
for the CD-ROM driver, and (2) edit your AUTOEXEC.BAT file to add
an 'MSCDEX' statement. The contents of these two statements are
hardware specific and you need to ask your PC manufacturer. Calling
us for this information will NOT help.

Once the CD-ROM drive is working under MS-DOS you need use the
[Add/Remove] Programs icon in the [Control Panel] to make a Startup
Disk. Reboot the system with the Startup Disk and install Arabic
Win 98 upgrade from there: 1) switch to CD-ROM drive (usually
E:<enter>), and 2) Type (CD \win98\ena <enter>), and run Setup
from there.


Option Two for English Win 98:

To remedy the Arabic Windows 98 installation problem, please restart
the computer with the current English Windows 98 Startup diskette.
Then, the Arabic Windows 98 Setup program will run OK; it always does.

Please keep us posted with your progress, we would like to help in
any way we can. Support is one reason why you should have called
AramediA first :-) you may still call the undersigned, anytime.

Wassalaam Alaykum,

Best Regards,

George N. Hallak           Microsoft Sakhr Arabic Islamic Software
AramediA Group             T 617 825-3044 F 617 265-9648
761 Adams Street           mailto:sales at aramedia.net
Boston, MA 02122, USA      http://aramedia.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: dil at byu.edu
Subject: Windows Response

I have no idea how to fix your problem, but for the record, there IS a
reason to install both an English and an Arabic Windows system.  This took
about two weeks of calling by our computer support person here to figure
out, but it turns out that Arabic Windows is not entirely compatible with
some kinds of Novell networks that are installed at some universities (ours
would be one), so when I am in an Arabic environment, some network services
are not available.  I partitioned my disk and installed an English system
on one part, and go to that system when I need those services.
A second annoying thing that it took quite a while to discover is that if
you buy a computer with English Windows pre-installed, and then buy the
Arabic Windows updater, it won't work if by chance the version of Windows
that was preinstalled has a certain code at the front (a B or something;
naturally mine did).  In the end, the only solution for us was to entirely
wipe the hard drive clean, partition it, and install both systems from
scratch.
Not fun. Annoying. Time-consuming.  Lots of calls to tech support people
who ended up knowing less than we did.  No, this is not a bitter Mac person
speaking.
Dil

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 09 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Thu Jul  8 20:05:14 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 14:05:14 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Arabic Windows Query
Message-ID: <THU.8.JUL.1999.140514.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Arabic Windows Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: Mohammad A. Mohammad" <mohammad at aall.ufl.edu>
Subject: Arabic Windows Query

As a Mac user, I decided to mess with Windows in order to have access to
some stunning Islamic software from *Muhaddith* and *Sakhr.* But alas, read
on...

Two  or three weeks  ago I purchased the full version of MS Arabic Windows
98 via the Internet from a dealer in the Gulf (possibly Dubai).  Last week,
I bought an HP Pavilion 4455  PC which came with its own Windows 98 (the
American version).  That is to say, I have two fully licensed versions of
Windows. I used System Commander Deluxe to partition the harddrive in order
to install the localized Arabic version.  The installation was successful.
BUT..

Now, I have never used Windows before so I was not familiar with either
Windows or Arabic terminology.  So I decided to replace the Localized
version with the  enabled version to learn how to work the system.  To my
surprise, I was unable to do that. All I could see was (1) Start Computer
with CD.. or (2) Start Computer without CD.. or (3) Help.  Gone are the
choices of (1) Install the Enabled version, (2)the Localized version...etc.
It seems that I am no longer able to install anything.  As a background,
since I have never used Windows before (my old computer is a Mac),  I
clicked *muwaafiq* all the time.

I wonder if you would be kind enough to offer some help, or offer some
suggestions as to where I can get help?  I appreciate your help.

jazaakum Allahu xayran.

Sincerely,

Mohammad

Mohammad A. Mohammad
University of Florida
African and Asian
470 Grinter Hall
PO Box 115565
Gainesville, FL 32611
USA

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Thu Jul  8 20:06:07 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 14:06:07 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Plural Query
Message-ID: <THU.8.JUL.1999.140607.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Plural Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: "Kaye, Alan" <akaye at Exchange.FULLERTON.EDU>
Subject: Plural Query

Dear Colleagues:

Wehr lists nabiidh 'wine' with a plural form 'anbidha.

Does anyone know if this plural form 'wines' actually occurs?  Also,
normally dh > d in colloquial.  Why is it nibiit in Egyptian, but nibiid
Lebanese Ar.?

wa shukran jaziilan lakum.

almujxliS,

Alan Kaye
CSU, Fullerton
akaye at fullerton.edu

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Thu Jul  8 20:06:46 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 14:06:46 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morphological Analyzer Query
Message-ID: <THU.8.JUL.1999.140646.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morphological Analyzer Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: Amin Almuhanna <MCUIGAA2 at fs1.ccl.umist.ac.uk>
Subject: Morphological Analyzer Query

Dear all,
	I am doing my research on the computational treatment of Arabic
morphology and trying to get a hold of Arabic morphological
analyzer/s. I would very much appreciate it if someone could help me
get a hold of one, for it will be solely used for research purposes.
			Thank you,
					Amin Almuhanna

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Thu Jul  8 20:04:39 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 14:04:39 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Arabic Web Design Response
Message-ID: <THU.8.JUL.1999.140439.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Arabic Web Design Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: Mark Meinke <sakhrus at erols.com>
Subject: Arabic Web Design Response

You might want to discuss this with Sakhr Software's Internet Development
Group who have designed Sakhr's site and e-commerce sites, as well as a number
of others.  You can email them at int at sakhr.com or access them through Sakhr's
Web sites -- www.sakhr.com (Arabic) and www.sakhrsoft.com (English).

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 21:07:41 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 15:07:41 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morpholigical Analyzer Response
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.150741.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morpholigical Analyzer Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "R. Hoberman" <rdhoberman at ccmail.sunysb.edu>
Subject: Morpholigical Analyzer Response

I think Anthony Aristar worked on a parser for Arabic verb forms about ten
years ago.  You can get his e-mail address easily because he is the editor
of the Linguist List (www.linguistlist.org).

Bob Hoberman

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 21:15:20 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 15:15:20 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Wine Plural Responses
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.151520.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Wine Plural Response
2) Subject: Wine Plural Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "Dr. Stefan Weninger" <Stefan.Weninger at lrz.uni-muenchen.de>
Subject: Wine Plural Response

Dear Alan!

There is one sentence "shaghaluu bi-khumuuri wa-'anbidhati" in T.abarii,
Taariikh (Cairo ed.), vol. IX, p. 422, lower half of the page. So here
you have at least one occurrence in a very good classical text.

Yours,
Stefan Weninger
Stefan.Weninger at lrz.uni-muenchen.de

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Muhammad Deeb <mdeeb at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca>
Subject: Wine Plural Response

> Wehr lists nabiidh 'wine' with a plural form 'anbidha.
>
> Does anyone know if this plural form 'wines' actually occurs?

***
	The plural of "nabiidh" as "anbidhah" is regular and accurate.  The
word "nabiidh," here, in the sense of "substance set aside to ferment," is a
noun, as distinct from the adjectival form "nabiidh" (= "manbuudh"), in the
sense of "outcast" / "ostracized."  As a rule of thumb, nouns of the form
"fa at iil" have their broken plurals as "af at ilah."  Here are a few examples:

 -- "raghiif" (= loaf of bread), plu. "arghifah";
 -- "qaDiib" (= branch), plu. "aqDibah";
 -- "kathiib" (= sand-hill), plu. "akthibah."

	*Lisaan al- at Arab* states at the outset of the related entry that
"nabiidh" is "the singular of "anbidhah."  Granted, *Hans Wehr* may be
unsteady in some details, but in "nabiidh," it is quite sober!


> Also, normally dh is d in colloquial.  Why is it nibiit
> in Egyptian, but nibiid Lebanese Ar.?

***
	This is one of the rare examples in which "dh" becomes a "t" in the
Egyptian dialect, otherwise it is routinely pronounced as either a "daal" or
"zaal":

-- dhi'b	---> diib (wolf);
-- dhaqn  	---> da'n (chin);
-- dhayl	---> dayl, pronounced as the English "dale" (tail);

-- dhaat	---> zaat (self);
-- dhakiyy	---> zakiyy (intelligent / smart)
-- dhawq	---> zoo' (taste / tact).

	Interestingly, the "dh" in the last word "dhawq" becomes a "zaay"
when the word is used as a noun, otherwise, the "daal" is used instead in
verbal applications.  Thus, in the imperfect and perfect tenses, and the
imperative mood, the "daal" is substituted for "dhaal."  See for
illustration and juxtaposition:

  (1) Khalli @andak zoo'! 	(= Show some consideration!)

  (2) Daa' il-Hilw wi 'l-murr. 	(= He has experienced good and hard times.)

	The noun / verb as factor in determining the substitution of "dhaal"
with either "daal" or "zaay" in the Egyptian dialect shows a measure of
regularity.  (Further examples: "dahab" and "zahab" (gold & to go) "dakar"
and "zakar" (male & to mention).

	Levantine Arabic dialects (Syrian, Lebanese and Palestinian) have
for "nabiidh" two variants: "nbiid" & "mbiid," but all Arabic dialects have
the adjectival form "nibiiti," derived from the same word, for wine-red,
maroon, red-maroon.

	The interchangeability between the "daal" and "dhaal" is not
uncommon in Arabic, both classical and colloquial.  I wonder if some
phonological and etymological affiliation can be detected between "nabadha"
the root of the word under scrutiny and the rare, almost obsolete, verb
"nabada" which means "to be still / to be immobile."

							M. Deeb

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 21:12:28 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 15:12:28 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Maltese Responses
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.151228.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Maltese Response
2) Subject: Maltese Response
3) Subject: Maltese Response
4) Subject: Maltese Response
5) Subject: Maltese Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "Dr. Stefan Weninger" <Stefan.Weninger at lrz.uni-muenchen.de>
Subject: Maltese Response

Dear Mrs. Schulte-Nafeh!

Joseph Aquilina's "The Structure of Maltese" is still recomendable.

Just by the way: Don't say "Maltese Arabic" when you're talking with
Maltese patriots!

Stefan Weninger

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "Dr. Dionisius Agius" <SEMDAA at LUCS-MAC.NOVELL.LEEDS.AC.UK>
Subject: Maltese Response

The best reference work is Joseph Aquilina's Papers in Maltese Linguistics.
Malta: University of Malta, 1961 and by the same author The Structure of
Maltese: A Study in Mixed Grammar and Vocabulary. Malta: University of
Malta, 1959 both obtainable from the University of Malta.  No ISBN numbers.

I hope that was useful,

Dionisius Agius

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Haruko SAKAEDANI <harukos at aa.tufs.ac.jp>
Subject: Maltese Response

Subject: Maltese Grammar

1) Joseph Aquilina  1965
   Teach Yourself Arabic
     (This is useful for academic purposes, too, I suppose.)

2) Albert Borg & Marie Azzoparde-Alexander  1997
   Maltese
   (Descriptive Grammars series)
   Routledge, London & New York
   ISBN 0-415-02243-6

3) Martine Vanhove  1993
   La langue maltaise:
   Etudes syntaxiques d'un dialecte arabe >>peripherique<<
   (Semitica viva; Bd.11)
   Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden
   ISBN 3-447-03342-8

4) Brother Henry F.S.C.  1980
   Grammatika Maltiya. (It-tieni ktieb)
   6th edition.
   De la Salle Brothers Publications, Cottonera.
     (Its ISBN cannnot be found.)
     (Written in Maltese)

saHHa.
Haruko S.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
4)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Muhammad Deeb <mdeeb at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca>
Subject: Maltese Response

	Unfortunately, our university library doesn't have a grammar of
Maltese Arabic, either.  Martha, however, may want to have a look at the
late Arthur J. Arberry's *A Maltese Anthology,* (Oxford, Clarendon Press,
1960). While the anthology focuses on Arabic-Maltese literature, it is not
without linguistic relevance.
							M. Deeb

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
5)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Paul Stevens <pstevens at aucegypt.edu>
Subject: Maltese Response

Martha,
There is a small book (about 76 pp.) called "Maltese in Easy Stages:
Grammar for Beginners" by Albert M. Cassola.  The 7th edition was published
in 1985 by Progress Press Co., Ltd.; 341 St Paul Street; Valetta.  (No ISBN)

In addition to that, you might be interested in the textbook in the "Teach
Yourself" series: "Maltese: A Complete Course for Beginners" by Joseph
Aquilina, published by "Teach Yourself" in 1994.  ISBN: 0-340-62747-6

Regards,
---paul

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 21:17:50 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 15:17:50 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Windows Problems Responses
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.151750.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Windows Problems Response
2) Subject: Windows Problems Response
3) Subject: Windows Problems Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Waheed Samy <w_samy at aucegypt.edu>
Subject: Windows Problems Response

You are right , but methinks that this is a Win95
problem.  It used to be with Win95 that the A version was FAT 16 and
the B version FAT 32.  However when the Arabic version was released,
it was the A version only; the FAT 16 version.  This did indeed lead to
problems with software that was only compatible with FAT 32.
However, with Win98, this FAT 16 problem no longer exists because
Win98 is FAT 32.

Waheed

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Papa <nalani at sprint.ca>
Subject: Windows Problems Response

Hello,
Try to rename the file win.com in the localized directory to a different
name, then install the enabled in the same directory of the localized.

To rename a file in windows just highlight the file (win.com) then click
the right button of the mouse and you will see the option rename.

bye

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "Mohammad A. Mohammad" <mohammad at aall.ufl.edu>
Subject: Windows Problems Response

Dear George, Dil, and Waheed,

I am glad to report that both of my Windows versions (Arabic Enabled and
American) peacfully coexist in my computer.  It turns out that the original
boot disk was *corrupted* or *damaged*. The problem was solved thanks to
you, George (of ARAMEDIA), and the helpful suggestions from MS Support in
the United Arab Emirates.

Immediately after that, I tried the Muhaddith program.  It is nothing short
of miraculous: the speed, the extensive references it has.  It is only $15.
I strongly recommend it.  It requires Arabic Windows (Enabled or
Localized). For info. check their site: http://www.muhaddith.com/

I am now looking forward to get the Sakhr software.  George, this time I
ordered them (well, my Depatement did) from ARAMEDIA.

Now Waheed, in addition to the reason that Dil mentioned, here are a few
more reasons as to why someone may want two Windows versions:

(1) Both versions were paid for.
(2) Gaining  familiarity with teminology is made simple by the ease with
which you can shift between the two;
(3) Allocate the different partitions to different members of the family so
nobody can say  "What did you do? I lost x or y file?" I.e. have two
virtual computers  in a physical one;
(4)It can be a cost-effective measure to academic institutions that cannot
afford to have computers each with a diffeerent system.
(5) Finally, and most importantly, why not?  Computers come with tremedous
memory that may go to waste.  So why not use it? (Well, as long as one
abides by the licensing agreement!)

Mohammad A. Mohammad
University of Florida
African and Asian
470 Grinter Hall
PO Box 115565
Gainesville, FL 32611
USA

email:  mohammad at aall.ufl.edu

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 23:55:59 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 17:55:59 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morpholigical Analyzer Response
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.175559.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morpholigical Analyzer Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Jackie Murgida <jackie at apptek.com>
Subject: Morpholigical Analyzer Response

Ken Beesley [I think spelling is correct] at Xerox in Grenoble, France, at
one time had a website with an Arabic morphological analyzer for people to
test. I don't have his email or website addresses handy, but a search on
Xerox and his name should lead you in the right direction.

You also might want to contact
Dr. Paul Roochnik <paul at apptek.com>
He's the moderator of the ITISALAT list and can tell you how to subscribe to
and post on the list, which is for Arabic language and technology issues.
It's possible if you ask your question there Ken B. would see it and
respond. Certainly it's a good place to find out about other Arabic
morphological analyzers, too.

Good luck,
Jackie Murgida

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul 16 16:27:29 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 16 Jul 1999 10:27:29 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morphological Analyzer
Message-ID: <FRI.16.JUL.1999.102729.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 16 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morphological Analyzer

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 16 Jul 1999
From: Nimat Hafez Barazangi <nhb2 at cornell.edu>
Subject: Morphological Analyzer

Dear Mr. Almuhanna,
you may want to obtain the recently published "Nisham alIshtiqaq
wa-alTasreef" from either the ALECSO office in Tunisia or the Higher
Intsitute of Applied Sciences and Technology in Damascus, P O Box 31983,
Syria. Also, you may want to see the following web page for further info on
the subject.
http://dml.cornell.edu/personal/nimat/arabic.html.
Best wishes
Nimat

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 16 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul 16 16:26:29 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 16 Jul 1999 10:26:29 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:wine Plural
Message-ID: <FRI.16.JUL.1999.102629.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 16 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: wine Plural (daal/dhaal/zaal)
2) Subject: wine Plural
3) Subject: wine Plural (Tabari transliteration)

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 16 Jul 1999
From: Ernest McCarus <enm at umich.edu>
Subject: wine Plural (daal/dhaal/zaal)

I would like to conjecture a response to Professor Deeb's questioning
about the relationship of daal, dhaal and zaal in the colloquial Arabic of
Egypt and the Levant as reflexes of the Classical Arabic dhaal.

While the fricatives dhaal and thaa' have remained dhaal and thaa' in many
dialects, such as Bedouin, Druze, etc., they became the stops d and t in
the urban dialects of the area mentioned above in the normal evolution of
the language over the centuries.  Thus, dhahab 'gold' became dahab and
kathiir 'much' became kitiir, and the consonants dh and th were no longer
in the dialect.  In modern times the dialects have had recourse to the
Standard language for learned or scientific terms lacking in the
colloquial; since these contemporary urban dialects lack the fricatives dh
and th, they have accept these borrowings with z and s respectively for
the two fricatives.  Thus, alongside of colloquial dahab 'gold' is the
learned term mazhab 'doctrine, school', with d and z both coming from
original dh; and alongside of ktiir 'much' is 'aksariyye 'majority', with
both t and s from original th.  Further, Egyptian dakar 'male' and nitaaya
'female' contrast with the grammatical terms muzakkar 'masculine' and
mu'annas 'feminine' in showing colloquial stop vs learned fricative.

This would suggest that common items like zaki 'intelligent' are also
borrowings from the Standard language, especially since it exists beside
Egyptian zakaa' 'intelligence' with an original word-final hamza, a
clearly Standard Arabic feature.  And Egyptian laziiz 'delicious' exists
alongside of ladiid 'delicious', a street vendor's term.

Ernest McCarus

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 16 Jul 1999
From: MOHAMMED M JIYAD <mmjiyad at unix.amherst.edu>
Subject: wine Plural

MarHaban,
I checked Lisaan Al-Carab and could not find a plural for /nabiidh/, but
Mukhtaar Al-SaHHaaH gives /'anbidhatun/ as a plural form for it. However,
I personally have not come across this word. Usually one would see
/'anwaaCu al-nabiidh/ as the plural version.
Best.
Mohammed Jiyad

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 16 Jul 1999
From: Muhammad Deeb <mdeeb at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca>
Subject: wine Plural (Tabari transliteration)

Dear Dr. Weninger,

	Without meaning to be picky, the quotation from *Taariikh
	aT-Tabarii* ought to read:

		"shughiluu..."

	As no other verb form (such as, say, VIII) is being used
	except the triliteral, the past perfect will have
	to be in the passive voice.

	Don't you think?
					M. Deeb

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 16 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 20 00:01:10 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 19 Jul 1999 18:01:10 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LIST:List Vacation
Message-ID: <MON.19.JUL.1999.180110.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: List Vacation

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: moderator
Subject: List Vacation

Hi,
Due to e-mail problems at BYU and to a family reunion, Arabic-L is forced
to take a one week vacation.  There are a couple of messages currently
pending.  These and all that are received during the coming week will be
posted next Mondy, 'in shaa' allaah.
Dil

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:37:21 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:37:21 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Linguasphere
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.113721.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Linguasphere

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: webmaster <webmaster at linguasphere.org>
Subject: Linguasphere

The Linguasphere Observatory (a non-profit linguistic research association)
is contacting linguists specialising in the study of Arabic for the purposes
of their collaboration in the Linguasphere Register of the World's Languages
and Speech Communities - the first detailed classification of over 20,000
languages and dialects.

We would be very grateful to receive any comments or criticisms on an
extract from the Register covering Semitic languages.  The extract can be
viewed and downloaded (together with an explanation of the methodology used
entitled Guide to Extracts) from our website - www.linguasphere.org - by
selecting the Download Extracts button on the homepage.

Any scientific support  will of course be fully acknowledged.

David Dalby
Director - Linguasphere Observatory
Hebron
Wales SA34 0XT
http://www.linguasphere.org

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:34:22 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:34:22 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Frontpage Posts
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.113422.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Frontpage 25 July post
2) Subject: Frontpage 17 July post

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: greenman <greenman at zedat.fu-berlin.de>
Subject: post from 25 July

Hi again,

I'm running FrontPage 2000 over Arabic-English Win 95. I also have MS
Office 97 Professional Arabic-English installed on my computer.

I guess the "jaann" are at work: when I try to edit English-only text in
an English-only file using the html source code view in FrontPage, the
language changes to Arabic. I click back to English, type one letter, it
hops back to Arabic, one more letter, back to Arabic..., etc. The
WYSIWYG mode functions fine.

This only happens in existing files that I open and try to modify. It
doesn't happen with new files.

If Mr. Abbar or Mr. Nelson of Microsoft are lurking in cyberspace, I'd
sincerely appreciate some help "from the source". Of course, I'll
gratefully accept help from anyone.

Thanks in advance.

Best regards from Berlin,
Joe

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: greenman <greenman at zedat.fu-berlin.de>
Subject: post from 17 July

Hi from Berlin,

I just had a very frustrating lesson in the fine art of upgrading
FrontPage 98 to FrontPage 2000 under Windows 95 Arabic-English that
might be of interest and useful, and _might_ also be relevant when
trying to install other M$ 2000 programs under Windows 95.

By the way, using Arabic-English Windows 95 wasn't the problem. I think
the story will be the same for anyone using "release a" of any version
of Windows 95.

To find out which release you have, click Start -> Settings -> Control
Panel -> System , and under "Microsoft Windows 95" you'll see a number
with an "a" or "b" at the end. I don't know if there are any other
possibilities, and I don't know if the problem pertains to "release b".

Anyway, before I was finally (after MANY tries) able to install the
upgrade, I had to download a file called "mdac_typ.exe" (free, but BIG -
6.4mb) from the M$ website.

To find out about this "trick" I had to phone M$ product support (in the
US, from Germany!), and was on the phone for 25 minutes :-(

The person who helped me - after suggesting some other things that
didn't work - knew that "release a" needed this file to be installed for
the upgrade, which clearly indicated that it's a technical issue known
to M$. I just wonder why they didn't write it somewhere on the box or in
the documentation that comes with the product. Oh well.

Just for the record, the person who helped me was very nice and polite.

Hope this helps.

Best regards,
Joe

P.S. Would people who can read codepage 1256 please take a look at
http://www.tu-berlin.de/zems/greenman/test.htm and tell me if you can
see ahalan wa-sahlan in Arabic?

If so it means you can now directly type Arabic on a web page using
FrontPage 2000 (and Arabic-English Windows), and it's coded correctly.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:41:44 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:41:44 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Last Name Query
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.114144.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Last Name Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: David Harris <dharris at las-inc.com>
Subject: Last Name Query

An aquaintance has requested information about his surname which is
Khoudari. His family hails from Syria originally, but had to leave in '48.
Before that time, though, they Arabacized their names as he describes in his
post below. He's wondering what the original surname may have been before it
was Arabicized to Khoudari. I doubt there's any way of knowing for sure, but
I was hoping that perhaps someone on the list might have a couple of
suggestions that he could research further.

Thanks,

David Harris
Washington, DC
------------------------------------------------
My father, named Mois, was born in Aleppo, Syria.

My father's father, named Benjamin, was also born in Aleppo, as far as I
know.

My father's mother, named Tamar Bar Nessim, was born in Jerusalem.

Both of my grandparents were living in Aleppo in 1947.   Being Jewish, they
had to flee Syria (Israel's war of independence), and I think this is when
they adopted the last name Khoudari, and changed their first names (my
father Mois to Moussa, my uncles Shlomo to Selim, Abraham to Ibrahim,
Mordechai to Mourad, etc).

I've been wanting to find out what was the former original last name, as I
am considering Americanizing my last name, and would like to do it based on
the original.

Based on my current last name, Khoudari, from your explanation, Benjamin
"Green" would appear to be the correct translation.

Is there any way that I can find out what was the original last name?

Thanking you again for your kind attention, I remain.

Sincerely,

Benjamin Khoudari

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:42:32 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:42:32 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:wine plural discussion
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.114232.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: wine plural discussion

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: Muhammad Deeb <mdeeb at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca>
Subject: wine plural discussion

		-------------------------------------------------------
		> I checked Lisaan Al-Carab and could not find a plural
		> for /nabiidh/, but Mukhtaar Al-SaHHaaH gives
		> /'anbidhatun/ as a plural form for it.
		> However, I personally have not come
		> across this word. Usually one would
		> see /'anwaaCu al-nabiidh/
		> as the plural version.
		-----------------------

	The chance omission of certain inflections of a given entry is no
index of its non-existence.  Arabic lexicons vary in size, range, and none,
including *Lisaan 'l- at Arab,* would claim comprehensiveness, let alone
absolute accuracy.

	Besides the rules of morphology I invoked in my earlier post, which
applies to the broken plural of "nabiidh" as "anbidhah," one may borrow from
philosophy the concept that "absence" is not "non-existence."

	Thus, while *al-Qaamuus 'l-MuHiiT,* and *al-MiSbaaH 'l-Muniir* are
silent on the plural of the word, *al-Munjid,* *Mukhtaar 'S-SiHaaH,*
*al-Mu at jam 'l-WasiiT,* and "Lisaan 'l- at Arab* state clearly the plural of the
word as "anbidhah."  Once again, these lexicons & lexicographers are sober,
even when they tackle an inebriating subject.

PS:  To the best of my knowledge, my edition of *Lisaan 'l- at Arab*
     has never been subject to human or divine abrogation.

								     M. Deeb

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:45:43 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:45:43 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Proficiency Test Query
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.114543.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Proficiency Test Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: "G. KHATTAB" <lnpgk at ARTS-01.NOVELL.LEEDS.AC.UK>
Subject: Proficiency Test Query

Hello,

I am a PhD student working with English-Arabic bilingual children
aged 5-10. I intend to study phonological interference in my
subjects' production in each of the languages. I first need to
establish their oral proficiency level and phonological awareness in
each of the languages. Though Arabic is the first language of my
subjects,  English seems to be their dominant language, as was
determined following informal assessment procedures (investigation
into their language use and interviews with the parents, teachers,
and subjects).
I also need formal means of measuring my subjects' proficiency
level in each of the languages. While some standardized tests have
different versions for certain languages like English and Spanish
(e.g. Bilingual Syntax Measure - Oral English and Spanish
Proficiency Placement Test), I cannot find a test that I can use for
English AND Arabic, and I am aware of the problems associated
with translating a test into another language.
Does anyone know of any test (or any other measurement
procedures) which I can use to measure my subjects' oral ability
and phonological awareness in English and Arabic?
Thank you very much.

Ghada Khattab
Department of Linguistics and Phonetics
University of Leeds
Leeds LS2 9JT
LNPGK at leeds.ac.uk

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:35:54 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:35:54 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morphological Analyzer
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.113554.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morphological Analyzer

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: Haruko SAKAEDANI <harukos at aa.tufs.ac.jp>
Subject: Morphological Analyzer

> Also, you may want to see the following web page for further info on
> the subject.
> http://dml.cornell.edu/personal/nimat/arabic.html.
> Best wishes
> Nimat

My Netscape said:
The requested URL was not found on this server:
/personal/nimat/arabic.html
(C:/DMLWeb/personal/nimat/arabic.html)
Please return to the referring document and note the hypertext link that led
you here.

Any suggestions?
                              Haruko SAKAEDANI
                              harukos at aa.tufs.ac.jp
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 27 16:19:27 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:19:27 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Last Name Response
Message-ID: <TUE.27.JUL.1999.101927.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 27 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Last Name Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 27 Jul 1999
From: uns2 <w_samy at aucegypt.edu>
Subject: Last Name Response

Some things that come to mind are trade, craft, or profession names.
For example Miller (T at HH@@n) and Carpenter (Najj@@r).  Is there
something in English for KhuD at ry (like Green Grocer)? :)

Another thread to follow is the Hungarian Kadar name; as in Janos Kadar.
Might these names Kadar and KhuD at ry be related.

The name KhiDr is also used in Arabic.  It is related to KhuD at ry.  KhiDr
sounds like Kadar.

What do Hungarian Kadars call themselves when they settle in America;
sort of like Kertesz becoming Curtis.

Waheed

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 27 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 27 16:21:24 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:21:24 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morpholgical Analyzer
Message-ID: <TUE.27.JUL.1999.102124.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 27 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morpholgical Analyzer

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 27 Jul 1999
From: Nimat Hafez Barazangi <nhb2 at cornell.edu>
Subject: Morpholgical Analyzer

>My Netscape said:
>The requested URL was not found on this server:
>/personal/nimat/arabic.html

The URL should be:
http://dml.cornell.edu/personal/nimat/arabic.htm.

No L (only htm).

Please try again, and let me know.
Thanks
Nimat

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 27 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 27 16:20:05 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:20:05 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:wine plural discussion
Message-ID: <TUE.27.JUL.1999.102005.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 27 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: wine plural discussio

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 27 Jul 1999
From: "Kaye, Alan" <akaye at Exchange.FULLERTON.EDU>
Subject: wine plural discussio

The native speakers I have contacted from many different parts of the Arab
world reject 'anbidha as the plural of nabiidh -- all stating that they have
never encountered it.

Alan Kaye

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 27 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Wed Jul 28 17:06:28 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Wed, 28 Jul 1999 11:06:28 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:wine plural discussion
Message-ID: <WED.28.JUL.1999.110628.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 28 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: wine plural
2) Subject: wine plural
3) Subject: wine plural

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: Tim Buckwalter <tbuckwalter at tegic.com>
Subject: wine plural

I was not able to find the plural 'anbidha in any contemporary texts but I
did find it in several medieval texts. The following passage in particular
is quoted in several places:
... `an `umar qaal: 'inna haadhihi al-'anbidha tanbidh min khamsat
'ashyaa': min al-tamr wa-l-zabiib wa-l-`aSal wa-l-burr wa-l-sha`iir ...
fa-maa khamartahu minhaa thumma 9attaqtahu fahuwa khamr. [if you ferment
and then age any of these, the product is "an alcoholic beverage"??]
The phrase "al-'ashriba wa-l-'anbidha" is also relatively frequent,
probably due to the parallel structures.

Tim Buckwalter
Tegic Communications
2001 Western Avenue, Suite 250
Seattle, WA 98121
phone: 206.343.7001 ext. 7552
fax: 206.343.7004
tbuckwalter at tegic.com
www.tegic.com

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: "A. FERHADI" <af3 at is2.nyu.edu>
Subject: wine plural

>The native speakers I have contacted from many different parts of the Arab
>world reject 'anbidha as the plural of nabiidh -- all stating that they have
>never encountered it.
>Alan Kaye

I haven't encountered it in context, either. Nonetheless, my version of
Lisan al-Arab (Macintosh-formatted CD) does give 'anbidha as the plural of
nabiidh.
--Ahmed Ferhadi
New York University

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: Khalid Al-Shehari <mcuihka2 at fs1.ccl.umist.ac.uk>
Subject: wine plural

Hi, I think Nabeedh can also be used as a plural.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 28 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Wed Jul 28 17:09:05 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Wed, 28 Jul 1999 11:09:05 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:NYC query
Message-ID: <WED.28.JUL.1999.110905.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 28 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: NYC query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: megerow at gsbpop.uchicago.edu
Subject: NYC query

[moderator's note: please respond directly to the sender of the query]

Asalaam aleikum,

Does anyone know of any good Arabic language study programs/resources in New
York City?

Thanks for your help.

Regards
Eric

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 28 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Wed Jul 28 17:07:27 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Wed, 28 Jul 1999 11:07:27 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Front Page
Message-ID: <WED.28.JUL.1999.110727.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 28 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Front Page Update

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: greenman <greenman at zedat.fu-berlin.de>
Subject: Front Page Update

Hello again,

With the help of Paul Nelson at Microsoft, who monitors these lists and
has been kind enough to offer help on several occasions (including this
one), I seem to have found a workaround for my FrontPage 2000 problem.

A quick summary:

(1) I'm using FrontPage 2000 with Windows 95 English-Arabic and MS
Office English-Arabic

(2) When I wanted to edit the html source code of an English document
using FrontPage, the program "automatically" switched to Arabic!

What was happening:

When a blank page is opened - even before you type anything - if one
goes to the html view you see:

<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1256">

That means, for some reason, FP 2000 gratuitously opens any "new" page
with the Arabic code page (1256), and this "marks" the page for the rest
of its existence _unless_ you manually change the 1256 to 1252 (U.S.
English).

Also, when an "old" (i.e., previously written, previous saved) html
document is opened in FP2000, the program again - in the html source
view - identifies it as a 1256 document (though it does NOT add
"charset=windows-1256" to the html), and thus again automatically
switches to Arabic when you try to modify the source code!

The solution:

New document -> type a few English letters before going to the html
code. Then, when you go to the html code you'll see:

<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1252">

Now it's an English document. Save it and it stays that way.

Old document ->  When you open the document, add the line
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1252">
just below the <head> container, and then save the file. When you
re-open it, it doesn't jump back to Arabic!

This "solution" also solves another nasty problem. MS Internet Explorer
5 apparently also automatically looks for the code page. When FrontPage
sets it at 1256 in an English document, IE5 can't read the "fragment
identifiers": the links within a document that have # just before the
last element. FrontPage calls them  "bookmarks". Anyway, when you
specify the codepage 1252, voilá, IE5 goes to the proper link! (Netscape
doesn't have this problem.)

The question is now, what's telling FrontPage to identify / create the
Arabic code page? I'd guess it's the Arabic-English OS, and I believe
Mr. Nelson and friends will work on this one.

Though all this takes a few extra steps, it's a small price to pay for
elimination of the headaches.

Best regards from Berlin,
Joe

P.S. One positive note in all this is that by using FP2000 and
Arabic/English Windows 95 you can now more-or-less simply create
bi-lingual web pages (Arabic and English) that can be read by any
browswer that's 1256 capable.  The justification problem
(left/right/center for text and images) is a bit messy, but it's not
terrible. Of course, though, editing any English source code becomes a
problem again.
--
          **************  JOSEPH GREENMAN   *************
           Snail Mail: Togostr. 3, 13351 Berlin, GERMANY
                    Phone & Fax: +49 (0)30 451 95 33
          ****** MAILTO:greenman at zedat.fu-berlin.de *****
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 28 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 16:02:50 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 10:02:50 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Arabic Web Design Query
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.100250.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Arabic Web Design Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: Sana'a Almoumen <sanaa at comp.lancs.ac.uk>
Subject: Arabic Web Design Query

Dear all,

I'd like to ask for any help in getting Information resources
(references , publications, or Web sites) that talk about the technology
support the design and the development of the Internet (Web) sites,
specifically for the Arabic and the Islamic cultures. It will be great
if  I can have any publications about the technology support the
Internet\Electronic commerce for the Arabic and Islamic cultures too.

I appreciate any suggestions or recommendation that can help me in my
research.

Thank you.

         Sana'a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 16:03:44 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 10:03:44 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Sweet Talk Query
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.100344.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Sweet Talk Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: Russell Arent <rarent at STCLOUDSTATE.EDU>
Subject: Sweet Talk Query

I am attempting to incorporate a small section on the phenomenon of 'sweet
talk' in a manuscript and have run into some confusion over which term(s)
might be in present use.  I have heard that some Arabic native speakers use
"mujaamala" (from the root: jeem, meem, laam); one of the meanings listed
for that word in Wehr is 'flattery' (3rd edition, p.137). I have located
two dictionaries thus far which specifically address the issue. In Hasan S.
Karmi's "Al-Mughni Al-Akbar", the word "zahlaja" (from the root:?)is listed
as the only entry for "sweet talk" (p.1415).  In a 1994 edition of
"Al-Mawrid" the word "yatamalaq" is listed for "sweet-talk" (p.937), the
root of which (meem, lam, qaf) according to Wehr means "to flatter"
(p.921). I have also heard that "musaayara" (from the root:seen, yaa, raa)
may be in use in Palestine/Israel, though it's meaning is listed as
"adaptation, adjustment" in Wehr (3rd edition, p.447).

Is there any relevant literature on this subject?  Would anyone happen to
know which term(s) are in present use in the colloquial varieties in
specific regions of the Arab world?  I am most interested in the Levant and
Gulf regions, but am curious about the others as well. Is there a single
accepted term in MSA (i.e., fuSHaa)?

Thank you in advance for any further elaborations/clarifications/corrections.

Regards,

Russ Arent

P.S. I'm aware that the $50 required for the 4th edition of Wehr (now
available in the US in paperback) is well worth the money, but haven't
gotten around to buying it yet, so my apologies if the newer edition has
more information on this  term.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 16:01:16 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 10:01:16 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Ghost-editing Thanks
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.100116.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Ghost-editing Thanks

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: moderator
Subject: Ghost-editing Thanks

Hi,
I've just returned from six months in the Middle East (most of it spent
directing an intensive Arabic program).  I would like to thank my assistant
Ben Huyk who Ghost-moderated Arabic-L while I was away.  It turned out to
be a harder job than he thought he had taken on, but he appreciated getting
to know all of you in your "net personalities".  I think he did a good job.
Thanks, Ben.
Dil

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 15:56:51 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 09:56:51 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Exeter Jobs
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.095651.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Exeter Jobs

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: M.S.Omri at exeter.ac.uk
Subject: Exeter Jobs

Positions in the Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies
University of Exeter

1. Lecturer in Arabic 	(Ref:4124)
You will have an established record of teaching Arabic as a foreign
language and a preparedness to work with the most modern audio-visual and
IT equipment relevant for language teaching.  This is a permanent
appointment.

2. Lecturer in Arabic  (Ref: 4125)
You will have both relevant research interests and an established record of
teaching Arabic as a foreign language.  This is available for one year.

Salary will be up to ?19, 197 p.a. on the Lecturer A scale ?16,655 -?2>1,815
p.a. (under review).

Information from Personnel, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ; fax
f++ +44 (0)1392 263 122 or e-mail  m.bergondo-castro at exeter.ac.uk,
quoting appropriate reference number. Closing date 3 August 1999

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul  6 16:11:26 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 6 Jul 1999 10:11:26 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Linguashpere Request
Message-ID: <TUE.6.JUL.1999.101126.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 06 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Linguashpere Request

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 06 Jul 1999
From: David Dalby <dalby at linguasphere.org>
Subject: Linguashpere Request

The Linguasphere Observatory (a non-profit linguistic research association)
is contacting linguists specialising in the study of Semitic languages for
the purposes of their collaboration in the ?Linguasphere Register of the
World's Languages and Speech Communities? - the first detailed
classification of over 20,000 languages and dialects.

We would be very grateful to receive any comments or criticisms on an
extract from the Register covering Semitic languages.  The extract can be
viewed and downloaded (together with an explanation of the methodology used
entitled ?extract guide?) from our website - www.linguasphere.org - by
selecting the ?Download Extracts? button on the homepage.  Any scientific
support  will of course be fully acknowledged.

With the generous support of the British Academy, we are now establishing
the methods by which incoming data will be gathered, assessed and
incorporated into the Register.  It is intended to establish these methods
through the more extensive development of the Register?s coverage of the
languages spoken within a small number of selected geographical areas.

One of these selected areas is the Middle East and North Africa and The
procedure will be (1) to gather the latest available data on the
nomenclature, distribution, use and dialectology of the Semitic languages
and speech communities within this area and to integrate these ? including
full information on the sources - into the Register; 2) to establish links
(including website links) with other existing or proposed sources of data on
the languages and societies concerned, including the preparation of a small
database on the scholars and institutions concerned with the languages of
the selected area.

The results of the research covered in this application will be made
publicly available on completion via the Linguasphere Website.


David Dalby
Director - Linguasphere Observatory
Hebron
Wales SA34 0XT
dalby at linguasphere.org
http://www.linguasphere.org

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 06 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul  9 14:52:49 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 08:52:49 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Maltese Grammar Query
Message-ID: <FRI.9.JUL.1999.085249.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 09 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Maltese Grammar Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: Martha Schulte-Nafeh <marthas at elp.rr.com>
Subject: Maltese Grammar Query

Hi there,
I am in need of a basic reference grammar for Maltese Arabic. My library
doesn't have one and so I will need to get one through interlibrary loan.
I would appreciate recommendations. The more detailed bibliographic
information I can get the better. ISBN number would be great but not
essential. Ideally I would like one that is written more for 'academic'
rather than pedagogical purposes. I am not going to be using it to learn
Maltese (as much as I wish I had time to do that). I just need to be able to
quickly find basic information about morphology and syntax of the language
and sometimes pedagogical grammars have a pretty fragmented presentation of
the grammar.

Peace,
Martha

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 09 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul  9 14:51:32 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 08:51:32 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Teaching Script Research Query
Message-ID: <FRI.9.JUL.1999.085132.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 09 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Teaching Script Research Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: Brian Bishop <bdb at email.byu.edu>
Subject: Teaching Script Research Query

I am interested in finding any studies or papers which have been done on
the teaching of Arabic script to non-native speakers of Arabic.  Any
assistance would be greatly appreciated.

Brian Bishop
Brigham Young University

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 09 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul  9 15:01:44 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 9 Jul 1999 09:01:44 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Windows Responses
Message-ID: <FRI.9.JUL.1999.090144.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 09 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Windows Response
2) Subject: Windows Response
3) Subject: Windows Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: uns2 <w_samy at aucegypt.edu>
Subject: Windows Response

I am not clear on exactly what the problem is.
However, on the Windows CD are two subdirectories.
One is called Enabled, and the other Localised.
Each has a complete system, the difference is that
the Enabled one gives you English menus.  The
Localised gives Arabic menus.
One of the ways to install Windows is to boot your
PC with 'CD support', then change directory to the
CD, to the Enabled subdirectory on the Win98
CD, and from there run the setup program.

If I have understood correctly, you are planning to
keep an English version of Windows as well as the
Arabic one.  In my estimation, this is quite unnecessary.

Waheed

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: GnhBos at aol.com
Subject: Windows Response

Dear Mohammad,

I am sorry about your troubles and you having to go all the way
to the "Gulf" to pay for a Full Version, that you did not need in
the  first place. MS Arabic Windows 98 Upgrade would upgrade
your English Windows.

Partitioning your hard drive is no longer required, as before, with
MS Arabic Win 95 (being a FAT 16). Now, the Arabic version of
MS Windows 98 is as superior as the English version. Having
said that, you may NOT switch between the Localized and the
Enabled versions when you please, this option is ONLY valid
during installation. I suggest that you uninstall the Localized
Version, then, install the Enabled.

Option one for Installing Windows 98:

In order to install Arabic Windows 98 the CD-ROM drive must first
work under MS-DOS. Please make sure your CD-ROM drive is accessible
under DOS. Most PC manufacturers shipped their Windows 95 systems
with the CD-ROM drive not working under DOS. So you have to contact
your PC hardware manufacturer for instructions on editing your
[config.sys] and [autoexec.bat] files, to make the CD-ROM work
under DOS.

1) edit your [CONFIG.SYS] file and add a 'DEVICE='statement
for the CD-ROM driver, and (2) edit your AUTOEXEC.BAT file to add
an 'MSCDEX' statement. The contents of these two statements are
hardware specific and you need to ask your PC manufacturer. Calling
us for this information will NOT help.

Once the CD-ROM drive is working under MS-DOS you need use the
[Add/Remove] Programs icon in the [Control Panel] to make a Startup
Disk. Reboot the system with the Startup Disk and install Arabic
Win 98 upgrade from there: 1) switch to CD-ROM drive (usually
E:<enter>), and 2) Type (CD \win98\ena <enter>), and run Setup
from there.


Option Two for English Win 98:

To remedy the Arabic Windows 98 installation problem, please restart
the computer with the current English Windows 98 Startup diskette.
Then, the Arabic Windows 98 Setup program will run OK; it always does.

Please keep us posted with your progress, we would like to help in
any way we can. Support is one reason why you should have called
AramediA first :-) you may still call the undersigned, anytime.

Wassalaam Alaykum,

Best Regards,

George N. Hallak           Microsoft Sakhr Arabic Islamic Software
AramediA Group             T 617 825-3044 F 617 265-9648
761 Adams Street           mailto:sales at aramedia.net
Boston, MA 02122, USA      http://aramedia.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 09 Jul 1999
From: dil at byu.edu
Subject: Windows Response

I have no idea how to fix your problem, but for the record, there IS a
reason to install both an English and an Arabic Windows system.  This took
about two weeks of calling by our computer support person here to figure
out, but it turns out that Arabic Windows is not entirely compatible with
some kinds of Novell networks that are installed at some universities (ours
would be one), so when I am in an Arabic environment, some network services
are not available.  I partitioned my disk and installed an English system
on one part, and go to that system when I need those services.
A second annoying thing that it took quite a while to discover is that if
you buy a computer with English Windows pre-installed, and then buy the
Arabic Windows updater, it won't work if by chance the version of Windows
that was preinstalled has a certain code at the front (a B or something;
naturally mine did).  In the end, the only solution for us was to entirely
wipe the hard drive clean, partition it, and install both systems from
scratch.
Not fun. Annoying. Time-consuming.  Lots of calls to tech support people
who ended up knowing less than we did.  No, this is not a bitter Mac person
speaking.
Dil

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 09 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Thu Jul  8 20:05:14 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 14:05:14 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Arabic Windows Query
Message-ID: <THU.8.JUL.1999.140514.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Arabic Windows Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: Mohammad A. Mohammad" <mohammad at aall.ufl.edu>
Subject: Arabic Windows Query

As a Mac user, I decided to mess with Windows in order to have access to
some stunning Islamic software from *Muhaddith* and *Sakhr.* But alas, read
on...

Two  or three weeks  ago I purchased the full version of MS Arabic Windows
98 via the Internet from a dealer in the Gulf (possibly Dubai).  Last week,
I bought an HP Pavilion 4455  PC which came with its own Windows 98 (the
American version).  That is to say, I have two fully licensed versions of
Windows. I used System Commander Deluxe to partition the harddrive in order
to install the localized Arabic version.  The installation was successful.
BUT..

Now, I have never used Windows before so I was not familiar with either
Windows or Arabic terminology.  So I decided to replace the Localized
version with the  enabled version to learn how to work the system.  To my
surprise, I was unable to do that. All I could see was (1) Start Computer
with CD.. or (2) Start Computer without CD.. or (3) Help.  Gone are the
choices of (1) Install the Enabled version, (2)the Localized version...etc.
It seems that I am no longer able to install anything.  As a background,
since I have never used Windows before (my old computer is a Mac),  I
clicked *muwaafiq* all the time.

I wonder if you would be kind enough to offer some help, or offer some
suggestions as to where I can get help?  I appreciate your help.

jazaakum Allahu xayran.

Sincerely,

Mohammad

Mohammad A. Mohammad
University of Florida
African and Asian
470 Grinter Hall
PO Box 115565
Gainesville, FL 32611
USA

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Thu Jul  8 20:06:07 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 14:06:07 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Plural Query
Message-ID: <THU.8.JUL.1999.140607.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Plural Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: "Kaye, Alan" <akaye at Exchange.FULLERTON.EDU>
Subject: Plural Query

Dear Colleagues:

Wehr lists nabiidh 'wine' with a plural form 'anbidha.

Does anyone know if this plural form 'wines' actually occurs?  Also,
normally dh > d in colloquial.  Why is it nibiit in Egyptian, but nibiid
Lebanese Ar.?

wa shukran jaziilan lakum.

almujxliS,

Alan Kaye
CSU, Fullerton
akaye at fullerton.edu

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Thu Jul  8 20:06:46 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 14:06:46 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morphological Analyzer Query
Message-ID: <THU.8.JUL.1999.140646.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morphological Analyzer Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: Amin Almuhanna <MCUIGAA2 at fs1.ccl.umist.ac.uk>
Subject: Morphological Analyzer Query

Dear all,
	I am doing my research on the computational treatment of Arabic
morphology and trying to get a hold of Arabic morphological
analyzer/s. I would very much appreciate it if someone could help me
get a hold of one, for it will be solely used for research purposes.
			Thank you,
					Amin Almuhanna

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Thu Jul  8 20:04:39 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Thu, 8 Jul 1999 14:04:39 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Arabic Web Design Response
Message-ID: <THU.8.JUL.1999.140439.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Arabic Web Design Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: Mark Meinke <sakhrus at erols.com>
Subject: Arabic Web Design Response

You might want to discuss this with Sakhr Software's Internet Development
Group who have designed Sakhr's site and e-commerce sites, as well as a number
of others.  You can email them at int at sakhr.com or access them through Sakhr's
Web sites -- www.sakhr.com (Arabic) and www.sakhrsoft.com (English).

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 21:07:41 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 15:07:41 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morpholigical Analyzer Response
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.150741.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morpholigical Analyzer Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "R. Hoberman" <rdhoberman at ccmail.sunysb.edu>
Subject: Morpholigical Analyzer Response

I think Anthony Aristar worked on a parser for Arabic verb forms about ten
years ago.  You can get his e-mail address easily because he is the editor
of the Linguist List (www.linguistlist.org).

Bob Hoberman

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 21:15:20 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 15:15:20 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Wine Plural Responses
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.151520.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Wine Plural Response
2) Subject: Wine Plural Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "Dr. Stefan Weninger" <Stefan.Weninger at lrz.uni-muenchen.de>
Subject: Wine Plural Response

Dear Alan!

There is one sentence "shaghaluu bi-khumuuri wa-'anbidhati" in T.abarii,
Taariikh (Cairo ed.), vol. IX, p. 422, lower half of the page. So here
you have at least one occurrence in a very good classical text.

Yours,
Stefan Weninger
Stefan.Weninger at lrz.uni-muenchen.de

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Muhammad Deeb <mdeeb at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca>
Subject: Wine Plural Response

> Wehr lists nabiidh 'wine' with a plural form 'anbidha.
>
> Does anyone know if this plural form 'wines' actually occurs?

***
	The plural of "nabiidh" as "anbidhah" is regular and accurate.  The
word "nabiidh," here, in the sense of "substance set aside to ferment," is a
noun, as distinct from the adjectival form "nabiidh" (= "manbuudh"), in the
sense of "outcast" / "ostracized."  As a rule of thumb, nouns of the form
"fa at iil" have their broken plurals as "af at ilah."  Here are a few examples:

 -- "raghiif" (= loaf of bread), plu. "arghifah";
 -- "qaDiib" (= branch), plu. "aqDibah";
 -- "kathiib" (= sand-hill), plu. "akthibah."

	*Lisaan al- at Arab* states at the outset of the related entry that
"nabiidh" is "the singular of "anbidhah."  Granted, *Hans Wehr* may be
unsteady in some details, but in "nabiidh," it is quite sober!


> Also, normally dh is d in colloquial.  Why is it nibiit
> in Egyptian, but nibiid Lebanese Ar.?

***
	This is one of the rare examples in which "dh" becomes a "t" in the
Egyptian dialect, otherwise it is routinely pronounced as either a "daal" or
"zaal":

-- dhi'b	---> diib (wolf);
-- dhaqn  	---> da'n (chin);
-- dhayl	---> dayl, pronounced as the English "dale" (tail);

-- dhaat	---> zaat (self);
-- dhakiyy	---> zakiyy (intelligent / smart)
-- dhawq	---> zoo' (taste / tact).

	Interestingly, the "dh" in the last word "dhawq" becomes a "zaay"
when the word is used as a noun, otherwise, the "daal" is used instead in
verbal applications.  Thus, in the imperfect and perfect tenses, and the
imperative mood, the "daal" is substituted for "dhaal."  See for
illustration and juxtaposition:

  (1) Khalli @andak zoo'! 	(= Show some consideration!)

  (2) Daa' il-Hilw wi 'l-murr. 	(= He has experienced good and hard times.)

	The noun / verb as factor in determining the substitution of "dhaal"
with either "daal" or "zaay" in the Egyptian dialect shows a measure of
regularity.  (Further examples: "dahab" and "zahab" (gold & to go) "dakar"
and "zakar" (male & to mention).

	Levantine Arabic dialects (Syrian, Lebanese and Palestinian) have
for "nabiidh" two variants: "nbiid" & "mbiid," but all Arabic dialects have
the adjectival form "nibiiti," derived from the same word, for wine-red,
maroon, red-maroon.

	The interchangeability between the "daal" and "dhaal" is not
uncommon in Arabic, both classical and colloquial.  I wonder if some
phonological and etymological affiliation can be detected between "nabadha"
the root of the word under scrutiny and the rare, almost obsolete, verb
"nabada" which means "to be still / to be immobile."

							M. Deeb

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 21:12:28 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 15:12:28 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Maltese Responses
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.151228.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Maltese Response
2) Subject: Maltese Response
3) Subject: Maltese Response
4) Subject: Maltese Response
5) Subject: Maltese Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "Dr. Stefan Weninger" <Stefan.Weninger at lrz.uni-muenchen.de>
Subject: Maltese Response

Dear Mrs. Schulte-Nafeh!

Joseph Aquilina's "The Structure of Maltese" is still recomendable.

Just by the way: Don't say "Maltese Arabic" when you're talking with
Maltese patriots!

Stefan Weninger

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "Dr. Dionisius Agius" <SEMDAA at LUCS-MAC.NOVELL.LEEDS.AC.UK>
Subject: Maltese Response

The best reference work is Joseph Aquilina's Papers in Maltese Linguistics.
Malta: University of Malta, 1961 and by the same author The Structure of
Maltese: A Study in Mixed Grammar and Vocabulary. Malta: University of
Malta, 1959 both obtainable from the University of Malta.  No ISBN numbers.

I hope that was useful,

Dionisius Agius

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Haruko SAKAEDANI <harukos at aa.tufs.ac.jp>
Subject: Maltese Response

Subject: Maltese Grammar

1) Joseph Aquilina  1965
   Teach Yourself Arabic
     (This is useful for academic purposes, too, I suppose.)

2) Albert Borg & Marie Azzoparde-Alexander  1997
   Maltese
   (Descriptive Grammars series)
   Routledge, London & New York
   ISBN 0-415-02243-6

3) Martine Vanhove  1993
   La langue maltaise:
   Etudes syntaxiques d'un dialecte arabe >>peripherique<<
   (Semitica viva; Bd.11)
   Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden
   ISBN 3-447-03342-8

4) Brother Henry F.S.C.  1980
   Grammatika Maltiya. (It-tieni ktieb)
   6th edition.
   De la Salle Brothers Publications, Cottonera.
     (Its ISBN cannnot be found.)
     (Written in Maltese)

saHHa.
Haruko S.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
4)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Muhammad Deeb <mdeeb at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca>
Subject: Maltese Response

	Unfortunately, our university library doesn't have a grammar of
Maltese Arabic, either.  Martha, however, may want to have a look at the
late Arthur J. Arberry's *A Maltese Anthology,* (Oxford, Clarendon Press,
1960). While the anthology focuses on Arabic-Maltese literature, it is not
without linguistic relevance.
							M. Deeb

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
5)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Paul Stevens <pstevens at aucegypt.edu>
Subject: Maltese Response

Martha,
There is a small book (about 76 pp.) called "Maltese in Easy Stages:
Grammar for Beginners" by Albert M. Cassola.  The 7th edition was published
in 1985 by Progress Press Co., Ltd.; 341 St Paul Street; Valetta.  (No ISBN)

In addition to that, you might be interested in the textbook in the "Teach
Yourself" series: "Maltese: A Complete Course for Beginners" by Joseph
Aquilina, published by "Teach Yourself" in 1994.  ISBN: 0-340-62747-6

Regards,
---paul

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 21:17:50 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 15:17:50 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Windows Problems Responses
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.151750.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Windows Problems Response
2) Subject: Windows Problems Response
3) Subject: Windows Problems Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Waheed Samy <w_samy at aucegypt.edu>
Subject: Windows Problems Response

You are right , but methinks that this is a Win95
problem.  It used to be with Win95 that the A version was FAT 16 and
the B version FAT 32.  However when the Arabic version was released,
it was the A version only; the FAT 16 version.  This did indeed lead to
problems with software that was only compatible with FAT 32.
However, with Win98, this FAT 16 problem no longer exists because
Win98 is FAT 32.

Waheed

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Papa <nalani at sprint.ca>
Subject: Windows Problems Response

Hello,
Try to rename the file win.com in the localized directory to a different
name, then install the enabled in the same directory of the localized.

To rename a file in windows just highlight the file (win.com) then click
the right button of the mouse and you will see the option rename.

bye

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: "Mohammad A. Mohammad" <mohammad at aall.ufl.edu>
Subject: Windows Problems Response

Dear George, Dil, and Waheed,

I am glad to report that both of my Windows versions (Arabic Enabled and
American) peacfully coexist in my computer.  It turns out that the original
boot disk was *corrupted* or *damaged*. The problem was solved thanks to
you, George (of ARAMEDIA), and the helpful suggestions from MS Support in
the United Arab Emirates.

Immediately after that, I tried the Muhaddith program.  It is nothing short
of miraculous: the speed, the extensive references it has.  It is only $15.
I strongly recommend it.  It requires Arabic Windows (Enabled or
Localized). For info. check their site: http://www.muhaddith.com/

I am now looking forward to get the Sakhr software.  George, this time I
ordered them (well, my Depatement did) from ARAMEDIA.

Now Waheed, in addition to the reason that Dil mentioned, here are a few
more reasons as to why someone may want two Windows versions:

(1) Both versions were paid for.
(2) Gaining  familiarity with teminology is made simple by the ease with
which you can shift between the two;
(3) Allocate the different partitions to different members of the family so
nobody can say  "What did you do? I lost x or y file?" I.e. have two
virtual computers  in a physical one;
(4)It can be a cost-effective measure to academic institutions that cannot
afford to have computers each with a diffeerent system.
(5) Finally, and most importantly, why not?  Computers come with tremedous
memory that may go to waste.  So why not use it? (Well, as long as one
abides by the licensing agreement!)

Mohammad A. Mohammad
University of Florida
African and Asian
470 Grinter Hall
PO Box 115565
Gainesville, FL 32611
USA

email:  mohammad at aall.ufl.edu

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 13 23:55:59 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 13 Jul 1999 17:55:59 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morpholigical Analyzer Response
Message-ID: <TUE.13.JUL.1999.175559.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 13 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morpholigical Analyzer Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 13 Jul 1999
From: Jackie Murgida <jackie at apptek.com>
Subject: Morpholigical Analyzer Response

Ken Beesley [I think spelling is correct] at Xerox in Grenoble, France, at
one time had a website with an Arabic morphological analyzer for people to
test. I don't have his email or website addresses handy, but a search on
Xerox and his name should lead you in the right direction.

You also might want to contact
Dr. Paul Roochnik <paul at apptek.com>
He's the moderator of the ITISALAT list and can tell you how to subscribe to
and post on the list, which is for Arabic language and technology issues.
It's possible if you ask your question there Ken B. would see it and
respond. Certainly it's a good place to find out about other Arabic
morphological analyzers, too.

Good luck,
Jackie Murgida

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 13 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul 16 16:27:29 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 16 Jul 1999 10:27:29 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morphological Analyzer
Message-ID: <FRI.16.JUL.1999.102729.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 16 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morphological Analyzer

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 16 Jul 1999
From: Nimat Hafez Barazangi <nhb2 at cornell.edu>
Subject: Morphological Analyzer

Dear Mr. Almuhanna,
you may want to obtain the recently published "Nisham alIshtiqaq
wa-alTasreef" from either the ALECSO office in Tunisia or the Higher
Intsitute of Applied Sciences and Technology in Damascus, P O Box 31983,
Syria. Also, you may want to see the following web page for further info on
the subject.
http://dml.cornell.edu/personal/nimat/arabic.html.
Best wishes
Nimat

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 16 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Fri Jul 16 16:26:29 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Fri, 16 Jul 1999 10:26:29 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:wine Plural
Message-ID: <FRI.16.JUL.1999.102629.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Fri 16 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: wine Plural (daal/dhaal/zaal)
2) Subject: wine Plural
3) Subject: wine Plural (Tabari transliteration)

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 16 Jul 1999
From: Ernest McCarus <enm at umich.edu>
Subject: wine Plural (daal/dhaal/zaal)

I would like to conjecture a response to Professor Deeb's questioning
about the relationship of daal, dhaal and zaal in the colloquial Arabic of
Egypt and the Levant as reflexes of the Classical Arabic dhaal.

While the fricatives dhaal and thaa' have remained dhaal and thaa' in many
dialects, such as Bedouin, Druze, etc., they became the stops d and t in
the urban dialects of the area mentioned above in the normal evolution of
the language over the centuries.  Thus, dhahab 'gold' became dahab and
kathiir 'much' became kitiir, and the consonants dh and th were no longer
in the dialect.  In modern times the dialects have had recourse to the
Standard language for learned or scientific terms lacking in the
colloquial; since these contemporary urban dialects lack the fricatives dh
and th, they have accept these borrowings with z and s respectively for
the two fricatives.  Thus, alongside of colloquial dahab 'gold' is the
learned term mazhab 'doctrine, school', with d and z both coming from
original dh; and alongside of ktiir 'much' is 'aksariyye 'majority', with
both t and s from original th.  Further, Egyptian dakar 'male' and nitaaya
'female' contrast with the grammatical terms muzakkar 'masculine' and
mu'annas 'feminine' in showing colloquial stop vs learned fricative.

This would suggest that common items like zaki 'intelligent' are also
borrowings from the Standard language, especially since it exists beside
Egyptian zakaa' 'intelligence' with an original word-final hamza, a
clearly Standard Arabic feature.  And Egyptian laziiz 'delicious' exists
alongside of ladiid 'delicious', a street vendor's term.

Ernest McCarus

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 16 Jul 1999
From: MOHAMMED M JIYAD <mmjiyad at unix.amherst.edu>
Subject: wine Plural

MarHaban,
I checked Lisaan Al-Carab and could not find a plural for /nabiidh/, but
Mukhtaar Al-SaHHaaH gives /'anbidhatun/ as a plural form for it. However,
I personally have not come across this word. Usually one would see
/'anwaaCu al-nabiidh/ as the plural version.
Best.
Mohammed Jiyad

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 16 Jul 1999
From: Muhammad Deeb <mdeeb at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca>
Subject: wine Plural (Tabari transliteration)

Dear Dr. Weninger,

	Without meaning to be picky, the quotation from *Taariikh
	aT-Tabarii* ought to read:

		"shughiluu..."

	As no other verb form (such as, say, VIII) is being used
	except the triliteral, the past perfect will have
	to be in the passive voice.

	Don't you think?
					M. Deeb

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 16 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 20 00:01:10 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 19 Jul 1999 18:01:10 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LIST:List Vacation
Message-ID: <MON.19.JUL.1999.180110.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 07 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: List Vacation

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 07 Jul 1999
From: moderator
Subject: List Vacation

Hi,
Due to e-mail problems at BYU and to a family reunion, Arabic-L is forced
to take a one week vacation.  There are a couple of messages currently
pending.  These and all that are received during the coming week will be
posted next Mondy, 'in shaa' allaah.
Dil

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 07 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:37:21 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:37:21 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Linguasphere
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.113721.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Linguasphere

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: webmaster <webmaster at linguasphere.org>
Subject: Linguasphere

The Linguasphere Observatory (a non-profit linguistic research association)
is contacting linguists specialising in the study of Arabic for the purposes
of their collaboration in the Linguasphere Register of the World's Languages
and Speech Communities - the first detailed classification of over 20,000
languages and dialects.

We would be very grateful to receive any comments or criticisms on an
extract from the Register covering Semitic languages.  The extract can be
viewed and downloaded (together with an explanation of the methodology used
entitled Guide to Extracts) from our website - www.linguasphere.org - by
selecting the Download Extracts button on the homepage.

Any scientific support  will of course be fully acknowledged.

David Dalby
Director - Linguasphere Observatory
Hebron
Wales SA34 0XT
http://www.linguasphere.org

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:34:22 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:34:22 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Frontpage Posts
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.113422.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
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          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Frontpage 25 July post
2) Subject: Frontpage 17 July post

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: greenman <greenman at zedat.fu-berlin.de>
Subject: post from 25 July

Hi again,

I'm running FrontPage 2000 over Arabic-English Win 95. I also have MS
Office 97 Professional Arabic-English installed on my computer.

I guess the "jaann" are at work: when I try to edit English-only text in
an English-only file using the html source code view in FrontPage, the
language changes to Arabic. I click back to English, type one letter, it
hops back to Arabic, one more letter, back to Arabic..., etc. The
WYSIWYG mode functions fine.

This only happens in existing files that I open and try to modify. It
doesn't happen with new files.

If Mr. Abbar or Mr. Nelson of Microsoft are lurking in cyberspace, I'd
sincerely appreciate some help "from the source". Of course, I'll
gratefully accept help from anyone.

Thanks in advance.

Best regards from Berlin,
Joe

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: greenman <greenman at zedat.fu-berlin.de>
Subject: post from 17 July

Hi from Berlin,

I just had a very frustrating lesson in the fine art of upgrading
FrontPage 98 to FrontPage 2000 under Windows 95 Arabic-English that
might be of interest and useful, and _might_ also be relevant when
trying to install other M$ 2000 programs under Windows 95.

By the way, using Arabic-English Windows 95 wasn't the problem. I think
the story will be the same for anyone using "release a" of any version
of Windows 95.

To find out which release you have, click Start -> Settings -> Control
Panel -> System , and under "Microsoft Windows 95" you'll see a number
with an "a" or "b" at the end. I don't know if there are any other
possibilities, and I don't know if the problem pertains to "release b".

Anyway, before I was finally (after MANY tries) able to install the
upgrade, I had to download a file called "mdac_typ.exe" (free, but BIG -
6.4mb) from the M$ website.

To find out about this "trick" I had to phone M$ product support (in the
US, from Germany!), and was on the phone for 25 minutes :-(

The person who helped me - after suggesting some other things that
didn't work - knew that "release a" needed this file to be installed for
the upgrade, which clearly indicated that it's a technical issue known
to M$. I just wonder why they didn't write it somewhere on the box or in
the documentation that comes with the product. Oh well.

Just for the record, the person who helped me was very nice and polite.

Hope this helps.

Best regards,
Joe

P.S. Would people who can read codepage 1256 please take a look at
http://www.tu-berlin.de/zems/greenman/test.htm and tell me if you can
see ahalan wa-sahlan in Arabic?

If so it means you can now directly type Arabic on a web page using
FrontPage 2000 (and Arabic-English Windows), and it's coded correctly.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:41:44 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:41:44 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Last Name Query
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.114144.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Last Name Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: David Harris <dharris at las-inc.com>
Subject: Last Name Query

An aquaintance has requested information about his surname which is
Khoudari. His family hails from Syria originally, but had to leave in '48.
Before that time, though, they Arabacized their names as he describes in his
post below. He's wondering what the original surname may have been before it
was Arabicized to Khoudari. I doubt there's any way of knowing for sure, but
I was hoping that perhaps someone on the list might have a couple of
suggestions that he could research further.

Thanks,

David Harris
Washington, DC
------------------------------------------------
My father, named Mois, was born in Aleppo, Syria.

My father's father, named Benjamin, was also born in Aleppo, as far as I
know.

My father's mother, named Tamar Bar Nessim, was born in Jerusalem.

Both of my grandparents were living in Aleppo in 1947.   Being Jewish, they
had to flee Syria (Israel's war of independence), and I think this is when
they adopted the last name Khoudari, and changed their first names (my
father Mois to Moussa, my uncles Shlomo to Selim, Abraham to Ibrahim,
Mordechai to Mourad, etc).

I've been wanting to find out what was the former original last name, as I
am considering Americanizing my last name, and would like to do it based on
the original.

Based on my current last name, Khoudari, from your explanation, Benjamin
"Green" would appear to be the correct translation.

Is there any way that I can find out what was the original last name?

Thanking you again for your kind attention, I remain.

Sincerely,

Benjamin Khoudari

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:42:32 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:42:32 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:wine plural discussion
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.114232.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: wine plural discussion

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: Muhammad Deeb <mdeeb at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca>
Subject: wine plural discussion

		-------------------------------------------------------
		> I checked Lisaan Al-Carab and could not find a plural
		> for /nabiidh/, but Mukhtaar Al-SaHHaaH gives
		> /'anbidhatun/ as a plural form for it.
		> However, I personally have not come
		> across this word. Usually one would
		> see /'anwaaCu al-nabiidh/
		> as the plural version.
		-----------------------

	The chance omission of certain inflections of a given entry is no
index of its non-existence.  Arabic lexicons vary in size, range, and none,
including *Lisaan 'l- at Arab,* would claim comprehensiveness, let alone
absolute accuracy.

	Besides the rules of morphology I invoked in my earlier post, which
applies to the broken plural of "nabiidh" as "anbidhah," one may borrow from
philosophy the concept that "absence" is not "non-existence."

	Thus, while *al-Qaamuus 'l-MuHiiT,* and *al-MiSbaaH 'l-Muniir* are
silent on the plural of the word, *al-Munjid,* *Mukhtaar 'S-SiHaaH,*
*al-Mu at jam 'l-WasiiT,* and "Lisaan 'l- at Arab* state clearly the plural of the
word as "anbidhah."  Once again, these lexicons & lexicographers are sober,
even when they tackle an inebriating subject.

PS:  To the best of my knowledge, my edition of *Lisaan 'l- at Arab*
     has never been subject to human or divine abrogation.

								     M. Deeb

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:45:43 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:45:43 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Proficiency Test Query
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.114543.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Proficiency Test Query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: "G. KHATTAB" <lnpgk at ARTS-01.NOVELL.LEEDS.AC.UK>
Subject: Proficiency Test Query

Hello,

I am a PhD student working with English-Arabic bilingual children
aged 5-10. I intend to study phonological interference in my
subjects' production in each of the languages. I first need to
establish their oral proficiency level and phonological awareness in
each of the languages. Though Arabic is the first language of my
subjects,  English seems to be their dominant language, as was
determined following informal assessment procedures (investigation
into their language use and interviews with the parents, teachers,
and subjects).
I also need formal means of measuring my subjects' proficiency
level in each of the languages. While some standardized tests have
different versions for certain languages like English and Spanish
(e.g. Bilingual Syntax Measure - Oral English and Spanish
Proficiency Placement Test), I cannot find a test that I can use for
English AND Arabic, and I am aware of the problems associated
with translating a test into another language.
Does anyone know of any test (or any other measurement
procedures) which I can use to measure my subjects' oral ability
and phonological awareness in English and Arabic?
Thank you very much.

Ghada Khattab
Department of Linguistics and Phonetics
University of Leeds
Leeds LS2 9JT
LNPGK at leeds.ac.uk

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Mon Jul 26 17:35:54 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Mon, 26 Jul 1999 11:35:54 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morphological Analyzer
Message-ID: <MON.26.JUL.1999.113554.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Mon 26 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morphological Analyzer

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 26 Jul 1999
From: Haruko SAKAEDANI <harukos at aa.tufs.ac.jp>
Subject: Morphological Analyzer

> Also, you may want to see the following web page for further info on
> the subject.
> http://dml.cornell.edu/personal/nimat/arabic.html.
> Best wishes
> Nimat

My Netscape said:
The requested URL was not found on this server:
/personal/nimat/arabic.html
(C:/DMLWeb/personal/nimat/arabic.html)
Please return to the referring document and note the hypertext link that led
you here.

Any suggestions?
                              Haruko SAKAEDANI
                              harukos at aa.tufs.ac.jp
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 26 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 27 16:19:27 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:19:27 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Last Name Response
Message-ID: <TUE.27.JUL.1999.101927.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 27 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Last Name Response

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 27 Jul 1999
From: uns2 <w_samy at aucegypt.edu>
Subject: Last Name Response

Some things that come to mind are trade, craft, or profession names.
For example Miller (T at HH@@n) and Carpenter (Najj@@r).  Is there
something in English for KhuD at ry (like Green Grocer)? :)

Another thread to follow is the Hungarian Kadar name; as in Janos Kadar.
Might these names Kadar and KhuD at ry be related.

The name KhiDr is also used in Arabic.  It is related to KhuD at ry.  KhiDr
sounds like Kadar.

What do Hungarian Kadars call themselves when they settle in America;
sort of like Kertesz becoming Curtis.

Waheed

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 27 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 27 16:21:24 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:21:24 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Morpholgical Analyzer
Message-ID: <TUE.27.JUL.1999.102124.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 27 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Morpholgical Analyzer

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 27 Jul 1999
From: Nimat Hafez Barazangi <nhb2 at cornell.edu>
Subject: Morpholgical Analyzer

>My Netscape said:
>The requested URL was not found on this server:
>/personal/nimat/arabic.html

The URL should be:
http://dml.cornell.edu/personal/nimat/arabic.htm.

No L (only htm).

Please try again, and let me know.
Thanks
Nimat

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 27 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Tue Jul 27 16:20:05 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 1999 10:20:05 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:wine plural discussion
Message-ID: <TUE.27.JUL.1999.102005.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Tue 27 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: wine plural discussio

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 27 Jul 1999
From: "Kaye, Alan" <akaye at Exchange.FULLERTON.EDU>
Subject: wine plural discussio

The native speakers I have contacted from many different parts of the Arab
world reject 'anbidha as the plural of nabiidh -- all stating that they have
never encountered it.

Alan Kaye

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 27 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Wed Jul 28 17:06:28 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Wed, 28 Jul 1999 11:06:28 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:LING:wine plural discussion
Message-ID: <WED.28.JUL.1999.110628.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 28 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: wine plural
2) Subject: wine plural
3) Subject: wine plural

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: Tim Buckwalter <tbuckwalter at tegic.com>
Subject: wine plural

I was not able to find the plural 'anbidha in any contemporary texts but I
did find it in several medieval texts. The following passage in particular
is quoted in several places:
... `an `umar qaal: 'inna haadhihi al-'anbidha tanbidh min khamsat
'ashyaa': min al-tamr wa-l-zabiib wa-l-`aSal wa-l-burr wa-l-sha`iir ...
fa-maa khamartahu minhaa thumma 9attaqtahu fahuwa khamr. [if you ferment
and then age any of these, the product is "an alcoholic beverage"??]
The phrase "al-'ashriba wa-l-'anbidha" is also relatively frequent,
probably due to the parallel structures.

Tim Buckwalter
Tegic Communications
2001 Western Avenue, Suite 250
Seattle, WA 98121
phone: 206.343.7001 ext. 7552
fax: 206.343.7004
tbuckwalter at tegic.com
www.tegic.com

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
2)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: "A. FERHADI" <af3 at is2.nyu.edu>
Subject: wine plural

>The native speakers I have contacted from many different parts of the Arab
>world reject 'anbidha as the plural of nabiidh -- all stating that they have
>never encountered it.
>Alan Kaye

I haven't encountered it in context, either. Nonetheless, my version of
Lisan al-Arab (Macintosh-formatted CD) does give 'anbidha as the plural of
nabiidh.
--Ahmed Ferhadi
New York University

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: Khalid Al-Shehari <mcuihka2 at fs1.ccl.umist.ac.uk>
Subject: wine plural

Hi, I think Nabeedh can also be used as a plural.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 28 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Wed Jul 28 17:09:05 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Wed, 28 Jul 1999 11:09:05 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:NYC query
Message-ID: <WED.28.JUL.1999.110905.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 28 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: NYC query

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: megerow at gsbpop.uchicago.edu
Subject: NYC query

[moderator's note: please respond directly to the sender of the query]

Asalaam aleikum,

Does anyone know of any good Arabic language study programs/resources in New
York City?

Thanks for your help.

Regards
Eric

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of Arabic-L: 28 Jul 1999


From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu  Wed Jul 28 17:07:27 1999
From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson)
Date: Wed, 28 Jul 1999 11:07:27 -0600
Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Front Page
Message-ID: <WED.28.JUL.1999.110727.0600.DILWORTHPARKINSON@BYU.EDU>

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arabic-L: Wed 28 Jul 1999
Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <dilworth_parkinson at byu.edu>
[To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu]
[To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading:
          unsubscribe arabic-l                                      ]

-------------------------Directory-------------------------------------

1) Subject: Front Page Update

-------------------------Messages--------------------------------------
1)
Date: 28 Jul 1999
From: greenman <greenman at zedat.fu-berlin.de>
Subject: Front Page Update

Hello again,

With the help of Paul Nelson at Microsoft, who monitors these lists and
has been kind enough to offer help on several occasions (including this
one), I seem to have found a workaround for my FrontPage 2000 problem.

A quick summary:

(1) I'm using FrontPage 2000 with Windows 95 English-Arabic and MS
Office English-Arabic

(2) When I wanted to edit the html source code of an English document
using FrontPage, the program "automatically" switched to Arabic!

What was happening:

When a blank page is opened - even before you type anything - if one
goes to the html view you see:

<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1256">

That means, for some reason, FP 2000 gratuitously opens any "new" page
with the Arabic code page (1256), and this "marks" the page for the rest
of its existence _unless_ you manually change the 1256 to 1252 (U.S.
English).

Also, when an "old" (i.e., previously written, previous saved) html
document is opened in FP2000, the program again - in the html source
view - identifies it as a 1256 document (though it does NOT add
"charset=windows-1256" to the html), and thus again automatically
switches to Arabic when you try to modify the source code!

The solution:

New document -> type a few English letters before going to the html
code. Then, when you go to the html code you'll see:

<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1252">

Now it's an English document. Save it and it stays that way.

Old document ->  When you open the document, add the line
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=windows-1252">
just below the <head> container, and then save the file. When you
re-open it, it doesn't jump back to Arabic!

This "solution" also solves another nasty problem. MS Internet Explorer
5 apparently also automatically looks for the code page. When FrontPage
sets it at 1256 in an English document, IE5 can't read the "fragment
identifiers": the links within a document that have # just before the
last element. FrontPage calls them  "bookmarks". Anyway, when you
specify the codepage 1252, voil?, IE5 goes to the proper link! (Netscape
doesn't have this problem.)

The question is now, what's telling FrontPage to identify / create the
Arabic code page? I'd guess it's the Arabic-English OS, and I believe
Mr. Nelson and friends will work on this one.

Though all this takes a few extra steps, it's a small price to pay for
elimination of the headaches.

Best regards from Berlin,
Joe

P.S. One positive note in all this is that by using FP2000 and
Arabic/English Windows 95 you can now more-or-less simply create
bi-lingual web pages (Arabic and English) that can be read by any
browswer that's 1256 capable.  The justification problem
(left/right/center for text and images) is a bit messy, but it's not
terrible. Of course, though, editing any English source code becomes a
problem again.
--
          **************  JOSEPH GREENMAN   *************
           Snail Mail: Togostr. 3, 13351 Berlin, GERMANY
                    Phone & Fax: +49 (0)30 451 95 33
          ****** MAILTO:greenman at zedat.fu-berlin.de *****
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End of Arabic-L: 28 Jul 1999