From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 1 23:27:09 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 1 Mar 2001 16:27:09 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Arabic Language Processing Workshop Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 01 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Arabic Language Processing Workshop -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: Steven Krauwer Subject: Arabic Language Processing Workshop [reposted from Corpora] ACL/EACL 2001 Workshop ARABIC Language Processing: Status and Prospects Toulouse, France, Friday 6 July 2001 Co-organized by: ELSNET NAPLUS WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES AND DESCRIPTION: The objective of the workshop is threefold. * First of all we want to bring together people who are actively involved in Arabic language and/or speech processing in a mono- or multilingual context, and give them an opportunity to report on completed and ongoing work as well as on the availability of products and core technologies. This should enable the participants to develop a common view on where we stand with respect to Arabic language processing. * Secondly, we want to identify problems of common interest, and possible mechanisms to move towards solutions, such as sharing of tools and resources, moving towards standards, sharing and dissemination of information and expertise, adoption of current best practices, setting up joint projects and technology transfer mechanisms, etc. * Third, we would like to enhance collaboration between the Arabic NLP community and the NLP community at large. The workshop program will include the following components: * Introduction * Overview talks * Scientific papers * Short presentations of projects, core technologies and products * A panel session and/or a round table discussion * Conclusions SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SCIENTIFIC PAPERS: Papers are solicited that address all aspects of Arabic language processing in a mono- or multilingual context, including tools, resources and standards. Papers will have to be original and report on completed research. Submissions of scientific papers should not exceed eight (8) pages. Please provide a list of keywords in the separate header page. Further submission details below. SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SHORT PRESENTATIONS OF PROJECTS, CORE TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS: Short presentations serve to give the audience an impression of ongoing activities and projects, and of existing core technologies and products, with a view to possible collaboration and synergies (i.e. NO commercial product presentations). Submissions of short presentations should not exceed two (2) pages. Short presentations will be reviewed on the basis of relevance and clarity of presentation. REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL SUBMISSIONS: Electronic submissions only (PostScript, Word, or PDF), following the appropriate ACL latex style or Microsoft Word style. Submissions should not exceed the length indicated above, including references. You can download the appropriate style or template files using the following link: http://acl2001.dfki.de/style/. Submission and presentation language is English. In case of problems with the submission format, please contact steven.krauwer at elsnet.org. Submissions should be sent to steven.krauwer at elsnet.org. All submissions will be acknowledged. DEADLINES FOR ALL SUBMISSIONS: * Submission deadline: 6th April 2001 * Notification date: 27th April 2001 * Camera-ready papers due: 16th May 2001 * Workshop date: 6th July 2001 CONFIRMED CORE PROGRAMME/ORGANISATION COMMITTEE: * Mustafa Yaseen, Amman University, Jordan (Co-chair, myaseen at cbj.gov.jo) * Joseph Dichy, Universite Lumiere-Lyon 2, France (Co-chair, dichy at univ-lyon2.fr) * Steven Krauwer, Utrecht University / ELSNET, The Netherlands (Contact person, steven.krauwer at elsnet.org) * Adnane Zribi, University of Tunis, Tunisia (adn at gnet.tn) * Salem Ghazali, IRSIT, Tunisia (ghazali at irsit.rnrt.tn) * Humoud Al-Sadoun, Ministry of Education, Kuwait (hbh at moe.edu.kw) * Jean Senellart, SYSTRAN, France (senellart at systran.fr) * Nadia Hegazy, ERI, Egypt (nhegazy at idsc.gov.eg) * Khalid Choukri, ELRA/ELDA, France (choukri at elda.fr) * Malek Boualem, FTRD/DMI/LAN, France (malek.boualem at rd.francetelecom.fr) * Everhard Ditters, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands, (e.ditters at let.kun.nl) WORKSHOP URL: http://www.elsnet.org/acl2001-arabic.html CONTACT INFO: Steven Krauwer email: steven.krauwer at elsnet.org ELSNET / UiL OTS www: http://www.elsnet.org Trans 10 phone: +31 30 253 6050 3512 JK Utrecht, NL fax: +31 30 253 6000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 01 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 1 23:25:50 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 1 Mar 2001 16:25:50 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Hedayat Center address query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 01 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Hedayat Center address query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: Magda Al-Nowaihi Subject: Hedayat Center address query dear Colleagues I am trying to get contact information for one of my students for the Hedayat Center of Arabic in Egypt, headed by Nagwa Hedayat, I believe. Any information will be much appreciated. Thanks. Magda Al-Nowaihi -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 01 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 1 23:28:17 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 1 Mar 2001 16:28:17 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Princeton Job Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 01 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Princeton Job -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: Kathleen O'Neill Subject: Princeton Job [reposted from Arabic-Info] Princeton University, Department of Near Eastern Studies invites applications for a one-year lectureship in modern Arabic language for the academic year 2001-2002. Experience and fluency in Arabic essential. The lecturer should be prepared to teach the first three levels, with the help of an assistant. Maximum number of class hours 12/wk. Send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and the names of at least two referees to: Arabic Search Committee, Department of Near Eastern Studies, 110 Jones Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1008. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 01 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 1 23:31:36 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 1 Mar 2001 16:31:36 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Ongoing Discussions Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 01 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Stop Words 1) Subject: gender 1) Subject: gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Stop Words (1) I wonder if morphemes such as / HaDrat- / in forms such as / HaDratu-ka/ki/kum / should be considered "stop-morphemes." (2) In the expresssions /wajhu l-la:hi / [Q55.27] and / maqa:ma rabbi-hi / [Q55.46], the first word in each is considered [at least in these particular occurrences] to be a stop-word / muqHam / by [the big-time anti-anthropomorphist] al-Zamakhshari. Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: gender >1)Makes perfect sense to me:  elephants have HUMONGOUS ears. >2)Also:  in the  9a:rabiyyah,  the plural of 'udh(u)n  is > 'a:dha:nun["ears"].  Your dialect is something else.  {dual for >plural} In the same way that dual (masculine and feminine) and plural feminine are usually simplified by being collapsed with plural masculine--across verbal and nominal inflectional paradigms. Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: mughazy Subject: gender I would like to thank all those who posted comments on the issue of gender in Arabic. I would also like to note that maybe many body parts that are in pairs have feminine nouns, and many that are single are referred to with masculine nouns. However, that observation does not account for everything. For example, (me3dah) ‘stomach’, which is singular yet feminine, and there is (monkhaar) ‘nostril’, which is a member of a pair yet masculine. I think that any attempt to account for gender in Arabic is simply too ambitious. The way I understand gender in Arabic is that there are three distinct types of gender marking: semantic gender, syntactic gender, and pragmatic gender. Gender marking of natural kind terms distinguishes THINGS (not words) as either females or males. What lays eggs or gives birth is a female and their counterparts are males. This is semantic gender (e.g., dajaaja ‘chicken F’ and ‘deek’ rooster M’). Otherwise things do not have gender, i.e., “Sakhrah” (rock) does not have gender semantically. Is a non-natural kind entity such as a VCR (vedyo) masculine, but an injection (Ho?na) is feminine? Of course not, they do not even have gender to be signaled, it is the WORD that has gender marking rather than the denotation. Words such as ‘table’ and ‘chair’ have no motivation to be distinguished as masculine or feminine. However, it is necessary to assign some gender to them so as to inflect verbs. How can you inflect a verb if you do not know the gender of the subject? Here gender is not assigned according to any cognitive or semantic principle. It is ad hoc. Pragmatic gender is what discussed earlier on the list as ‘cross addressing’, where a feminine word would be used to refer to a man or a boy, while a masculine form would be used to address a woman or a girl. It is restricted to contexts where the speaker is expressing intimacy or endearment. Semantic gender is the Syntactic gender is , which the old Arab linguists referred to as ‘al-mo?annath al-majazee’ as is needed -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 01 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:21:48 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:21:48 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:New article and book Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: New article 2) Subject: New book 2) Subject: New article -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: moderator Subject: New article Mughazy, Mustafa A. (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Pragmatics of the Evil Eye in Egyptian Arabic Studies in the Linguistic Sciences Volume 30, Number 2 Fall 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: reposted from LINGUIST Subject: New book Grounding in English and Arabic News Discourse. Esam N. KHALIL (University of Nijmegen) Pragmatics & Beyond NS 82 US & Canada: 1 55619 982 1 / USD 90.00 (Hardcover) Rest of world:90 272 5101 0 / NLG 180.00 (Hardcover) Grounding in English and Arabic News Discourse explores the discourse notion of grounding (viz. the foreground-background structure), and examines it in the various structures that occur in short news texts. A text-level approach to grounding and the differentiation between several core concepts relating to the various textual and non-textual structures, distinguish the book from other approaches in the field. A corpus-based analysis focuses on sentence-initial expressions and examines the grounding-signalling function of several markers in both English and Arabic. The analysis captures constraints on the occurrence of particular markers, and the extensive illustrative examples explain the strategies that writers employ to cope with problems of recasting grounding-values in news texts. The author also shows how the failure to signal appropriate grounding-values is likewise associated with the failure to deliver the appropriate type of text. Grounding is a relatively unexplored area of investigation in Arabic (text)lingusitics, and the study identifies a series of previously unrecognized language features, highlighting the discourse pragmatic function that syntax serves. The book will be invaluable to researchers and students of discourse, pragmatics, contrastive rhetoric, and communication. It will also be of interest to all those involved in translation and intercultural studies. John Benjamins Publishing Co. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: reposted from LINGUIST Subject: New article Computers and the Humanities The Official Journal of The Association for Computers and the Humanities ISSN 0010-4817 http://www.wkap.nl/issuetoc.htm/0010-4817+35+2+2001 Vol. 35, Issue 2, May 2001. TITLE: Sentential Count Rules for Arabic Language AUTHOR(S): Fawaz S. Al-Anzi KEYWORD(S): Arabic, classic Arabic, modern Arabic, automated translation, counting, grammar, numbers, parsing, sentential numbers. PAGE(S): 153-166 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:23:08 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:23:08 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Egyptian Film query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Egyptian Film query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: Abbas Benmamoun Subject: Egyptian Film query Dear Friends and Colleagues, Could anyone suggest a film or two that introduce(s) Egypt (life, history and culture etc). Suggestions for books are also welcome. Thanks Abbas Benmamoun -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:24:16 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:24:16 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN: Create PDF Files From QuarkXPress with ArabicXT Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Create PDF Files From QuarkXPress with ArabicXT -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: GnhBos at aol.com Subject: Create PDF Files From QuarkXPress with ArabicXT I thought the List may benefit from the following: > I want to create PDF files from the QXP/ArabicXT files that have both > English and Arabic. I have Acrobat 4.0. The problem I'm having is that > it doesn't find the fonts so the Arabic isn't Arabic. Regarding the problem that you are facing with the PDF files, please note that I tried to create a PDF file using the QuarkXPress/ArabicXT and the Adobe distiller 4.0 for Macintosh and for Windows, and in both cases, I didn't face any problem. 1) In order to successfully convert QuarkXPress with ArabicXT pages into Acrobat PDF files, using the QuarkXPress/ArabicXT and the Acrobat Distiller 4.0 Windows version, you have to do the following steps: a) First thing to do is: in your system you should create a printer which prints to a file name, following is the procedure that you must follow in order to create this printer: - On your PC, click on Settings in Start and select Printers, a dialog box will appear, choose the Add Printer item and double click on it. - A dialog box appear saying that this wizard will help you to install your printer, click Next. - Then a dialog box appear asking you to choose how the printer will be attached to your computer, directly or by Network, choose the way then click Next. - A dialog box appear, from Manufactures and Model choose the manufactures and model of the printer that you want to add to your system, then click Next. - A dialog box appear asking you to click the port you want to use with this printer, choose the port "File: Print to a file name" then click OK. Now in the Printers folder you have a new printer that will print to a postscript file. Each time you want to print to a postscript file you choose this printer. b) Launch QuarkXPress, and open your document. c) From the File menu, select Print and choose the printer that you create in step (a), then select Print and save the PS file. d) Run Adobe Distiller 4.0, and drag and drop the PS file into the Distiller window. Distiller will generate a PDF file. 2) In order to successfully convert QuarkXPress with ArabicXT pages into Acrobat PDF files, using the QuarkXPress and the ArabicXT Macintosh version, you have to do the following steps: a) From your Apple Menu -> Chooser, select a Postscript printer driver, such as the LaserWriter 8. b) Launch QuarkXPress, and open your document. c) From the File menu, select Print. d) Click on the Destination button and choose File. e) From the General Popup menu, select "Save As File" and make sure the Inclusion Font setting is set to: " All". f)Select Save and give the Postscript job a file name. This will result in a Postscript file that has the extension.PS Run Adobe Distiller 4.0 (please make sure to use the Acrobat Distiller version 4.0), then drag and drop the PS file into the Distiller window. If all goes well, Distiller will generate a PDF file. 3) If the above doesn't help you to solve your problem, please try to send me more information about the platform (Windows or Macintosh) and the QuarkXPress/ArabicXT version that you are using. If you can also send me a copy of the QuarkXPress document that you are facing a problem with it so I can test it. For Arabic Desktop Publishing solutions, please visit: http://www.arabicsoftware.net http://www.aramedia.com Best Regards, George N. Hallak AramediA Group 761 Adams Street Boston, MA 02122, USA http://www.aramedia.com mailto:info at aramedia.com T 617-825-3044 F 617-265-9648 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:31:33 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:31:33 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Ongoing Discussions Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: fem words 2) Subject: fem words -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: fem words >Date: 01 Mar 2001 >From: mughazy >Subject: gender >I would like to thank all those who posted comments on the issue of gender in >Arabic. I would also like to note that maybe many body parts that are in pairs >have feminine nouns, and many that are single are referred to with masculine >nouns. However, that observation does not account for everything. For example, >(me3dah) 'stomach', which is singular yet feminine, and there is (monkhaar) >'nostril', which is a member of a pair yet masculine. I know there is an exception or two but you still have not been able to come up with any of those.  Recall, the early thread of the discussion was how to account for nouns that do not end with the feminine suffix but are nevertheless treated as feminine.  With respect to body parts, ma9id-ah "stomach" is fine (to be treated as feminine).  It is singular yet it ends with the feminine suffix {-ah}.  Hence, also the example I gave in an earlier posting: surr-ah "navel."  Note also the word baTn "abdomen" is masculine and singular and therefore fits nicely with the same pattern. Now munkhaar/minkhaar "nostril" is not a fuSHaa word.  In my (Damascene) dialect, only the plural manakhiir is used for "nostrils" while minkhaar (singular) is used interchangeably with ?anf for "nose."  The closest related form in FuSHaa that relates to nose/nostrils is a verb: tamakhkhara r-riiH "inhaled the wind" or "turned away from the "wind."  Needeless to say, you are confusing (1) between fuSHaa and colloquial and (2) between the uses of minkhaar vs manaakhiir (at least in my dialect).   >I think that any attempt to account for gender in Arabic is simply >too ambitious. First, if you recall very well the earliest thread of the discussion, certain words ka?s,?arD, samaa?, Haamil, Haa?iD, naahid, etc.) were mentioned.  I suggested that they can be collapsed together under one class of nouns that can be referred a la Whorfian terminology as "crypto-feminine."  This is not to say that you cannot find some of them to be easily explainable, e.g., Haamil, Haa?iD, and naahid).  Second, Arab grammarians went into great length disussing gender throughout their treatises and there is even a great number of books that carry the title: "The Masculine and Feminine."  When you read such works, you will understand a great deal not only about gender in Arabic, but also about the Arabic language in general. >The way I understand gender in Arabic is that there are three distinct types >of gender marking: semantic gender, syntactic gender, and pragmatic gender. Bravo! You excluded, among other things, what Chomsky was not able to exclude after so many years--morphology.  To reach a good understanding of the Arabic language and certain other languages, one needs to understand the nature of derivation on the lexeme(word) level. Due to the principle of economy, noun stems in Arabic have (zero) masculine marking (by default).  Other languages may have different default forms.  To mark nouns for the gender feminine (singular), for example, the feminine suffix is affixed to the stem. (There are however certain nouns as mentioned before (samaa? "sky," ?arD "earth," ka?s "glass") that are feminine by default.)  However, with respect to the Arabic language, gender derivation does not proceed in this fashion only.  For example, consider the treatment of names of countries, which you may think that their gender distinction is arbitrary; (i.e., some of them treated as masculine and some of them as feminine.)  Well, not so.  The pattern/rule is that names of countries are treated as feminine, except when they are derived from (1) ...... and (2) end with .......... . I leave it for you to check for yourself.   >Gender marking of natural kind terms distinguishes THINGS (not words) as >either females or males. What lays eggs or gives birth is a female and their >counterparts are males. This is semantic gender (e.g., dajaaja 'chicken F' and >'deek' rooster M'). Otherwise things do not have gender, i.e., >"Sakhrah" (rock) does not >have gender semantically.  Is a >non-natural kind entity such as a VCR (vedyo) masculine, >but an >injection (Ho?na) is feminine?  Of course not, they do not even have >gender to be >signaled, it is the WORD that has gender marking >rather than the denotation. Neither Mike Schub nor I have been confusing between form and referent as your comment seems to suggest.  The discussion has been on a less technical (linguistic) level. >Words such as 'table' and 'chair' have no motivation to be >distinguished as masculine or >feminine.  However, it is necessary >to assign some gender to them so as to inflect >verbs.  How can you >inflect a verb if you do not know the gender of the subject? > Here >gender is not assigned according to any cognitive or semantic >principle.  It is ad hoc. No argument can be more cyclic than this.  First, note the apt term "crypto-feminine" as coined by Whorf.  This is not to say that initially the distiction had an intuitive rationale/motivation which got blurred later due to diachronic change or other factors, which I am not going into here.  Secondly, what you are saying is that the lexical annotation derives from the syntactic derivation which is derived from the lexical annotations.  Feature checking (within minimalist framework) carried out whether before Spell out or after Spell out (at LF) depends on both form (rich vs impoverished morphology)and the (arbitrary or non-arbitrary) annotations of the lexical form. >Semantic gender is the Syntactic gender is, which the old Arab >linguists referred to as >'al-mo?annath al-majazaa' as is needed. In addition to cyclicity and factual misrepresentation of what Arab grammarians argued for with respect to gender and derivation, you would have nothing to explain (based on your comments and conclusions)the distinction of 9aalim and 9allaam-ah "scholar" discussed in an earlier discussion, where the feminine suffix has nothing to do with endearment, nor gender (natural vs unnatural), nor syntax.   The trap that anyone may fall into, including myself, is when we come up with conclusions about fuSHaa based on our intuitive knowledge of a colloquial each of which has its own pattern/rule-govern system though there are many points of convergence betwen the two.   Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: fem words I stand corrected. A little after I sent my posting, I found a direct reference to minkhar (not monkhaar)"nostril" minkharaan "two nostrils" in fuSHaa in _sharH al-taSriih 9alaa al-tawDiiH_. Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:28:32 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:28:32 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Hedayat Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Hedayat -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: Mutarjm at aol.com Subject: Hedayat Ahalan wa sahalan bikum... This might be the place of your interest (found via a web search): Hedayat Institute for Arabic Studies Small classes designed to meet interest and needs of students. Mailing address: 72, Road #10 Maadi, Cairo, Egypt Phone 20-2-350-3915/20-2-350-9364 E-mail: nesto at acs.auc.eun.eg You might contact Ms. Deborah Stan, who went to the program for more details and personal insight/ E-mail: < DebAStarr at aol.com >. HTH. Khair, in sha' Alah. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: "Asma.Afsaruddin.1" Subject: Hedayat Dr. Nagwa Hedayet can be contacted at nhedayet at yahoo.com I have been happy to recommend the Hedayet center in the past to my own students and continue to do so. Asma Afsaruddin Assistant Professor Arabic and Islamic Studies University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: Nagwa Hedayat Subject: Hedayat Dear Colleague, Hedayet Institute for Arabic Studies is a language inst. in Cairo teaching Arabic for foreigners concentrating on MSA and one course in Egyptian Collouquial Arabic to enhance immersion in the Arabic culture in Egypt during the stay in Cairo.HIAS offers two semesters of intensive Arabic one in the fall and another in the spring every year. There is also an intensive summer course for 8 weeks. This next summer it will start the first week of July. The students sit for a placement exam before they are placed in their classes. A student may choose one elective course in addition to the language courses if his/her level in the language allows it. Some of these courses are: Arabic Literature, Islamic History, Arabic Callgraphy, Islamic Philosophy ,or Oriental music( 'Ud in particular). The Address is: 72, Road no. 10, Maadi , Caro , Egypt Tel: 3583915/3589364 Email nhedayet at yahoo.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 18:46:54 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 11:46:54 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:ALS 2002 Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: ALS 2002 -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: Dil Parkinson Subject: ALS 2002 I would personally like to congratulate the University of Utah and Samira Farwaneh on a very successful ALS symposium last weekend. In that regard, I thought subscribers might like to know that it was announced at the end of the symposium that next years symposium is tentatively planned for Cambridge, England, on March 1-2, 2002. We hope you will all look forward to presenting at this symposium, and particularly would like to see many submissions from Europe and the Middle East, since the venue is closer to you this time. Dil Parkinson -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:24:07 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:24:07 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Ongoing Discussions/gender Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: mughazy Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender >I know there is an exception or two but you still have not been able to come up with any of >those. With respect to body parts, ma9id-ah "stomach" is fine (to be treated as feminine). It is >singular yet it ends with the feminine suffix {-ah}. Hence, also the example I gave in an earlier >posting: surr-ah "navel." Note also the word baTn "abdomen" is masculine and singular and >therefore fits nicely with the same pattern. First of all, I am glad that you acknowledged the couple of examples that can be viewed as exceptions to that ‘rule’, namely (monkhaar) ‘nostril’ and (ma3ida) ‘stomach’). However, there is a few such exceptions, and here are just some. Singular body parts that have feminine gender marking: (raqabah) = ‘neck’, (Hanjarah) = ‘larynx’, (sewwah) = ‘belly’, (jabhah) = ‘forehead’, and (luhaah) = ‘uvula’. There are others as well. Paired body parts that are masculine: (fakhdh) = thigh, (redf) = buttock, (koo3) = ‘elbow’, (saa3ed) = upper arm, (khad) = ‘cheek’, (nahd) = ‘breast’, (mebyaD) = ovary, (ka3b) = ‘heel’, (jifn) = ‘eyelid’, and (Haleb) = urinary track, among others. >First, if you recall very well the earliest thread of the discussion, certain words ka?s,?arD, >samaa?, Haamil, Haa?iD, naahid, etc.) were mentioned. I suggested that they can be collapsed >together under one class of nouns that can be referred a la Whorfian terminology as "crypto- >feminine." This is not to say that you cannot find some of them to be easily explainable, e.g., >Haamil, Haa?iD, and naahid). Now, I really do not understand why Haamil, Haa?iD, naashiz, 3aaqir and naahid and masculine, and I would appreciate it if you explained that to me. What I think is that these adjectives (not nouns) are assigned masculine gender for some reason, and that is (the way I see it) is because they trigger very specific presuppositions (female-specific adjectives). That is why if you said “rajul 3aqir”, the sentence is anomalous because the existential presupposition and that of the predicate are contradictory. That means the gender here is semantic/pragmatic because it deals with presuppositions, implicatures, and truth values. The same applies for 3allamah, etc., the use of which (rather than the form) presupposes uniqueness. That is why they do not have dual or plural forms. What I do not see a motivation for is collapsing the two categories. They are clearly different because naashiz, and naahid describe human females, and ka?s and ?arD do not. The first class has specific truth functional presuppositions; the other does not >The way I understand gender in Arabic is that there are three distinct types >of gender marking: semantic gender, syntactic gender, and pragmatic gender. >>”Bravo! You excluded, among other things, what Chomsky was not able to exclude after so >>many years--morphology.” Thanks for the comment, but apparently we are talking about two different things. I am talking about the motivation for assigning gender. I have described semantic, syntactic and pragmatic motivations, and I do not know of any morphological or phonological ones. I would be happy if you could open my eyes to these. >To reach a good understanding of the Arabic language and certain other languages, one needs >to understand the nature of derivation on the lexeme(word) level. Due to the principle of >economy, noun stems in Arabic have (zero) masculine marking (by default). Other languages >may have different default forms. To mark nouns for the gender feminine (singular), for >example, the feminine suffix is affixed to the stem. (There are however certain nouns as >mentioned before (samaa? "sky," ?arD "earth," ka?s "glass") that are feminine by default.) >However, with respect to the Arabic language, gender derivation does not proceed in this >fashion only. I still have not seen your account of why there should be a default gender assignment at all. Also, I do not know why samaa? is feminine but wafaa?, galaa?, and walaa? are masculine. Finally, I do not know why lubnaan is masculine whereas 3umaan is feminine. Mustafa A. Mughazy Graduate student Depatment of Linguistics University of Illinois Urbana Champaign -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:22:44 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:22:44 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Mazen query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Mazen query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: GENEVA MARIE AWAD Subject: Mazen query I would like to know what the Arabic name Mazen (or Mazzen) means. What is the consonantal root? I would appreciate hearing from anyone on this. Please write to me personally, not to the whole list. Thanks in advance for your assistance. --Geneva Awad -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:19:23 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:19:23 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Egyptian Film/Book response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Egyptian Film/Book response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Egyptian Film/Book response Dear Abbas, Books: (1) [new] Abdo, G. *There is no God but God*-- Egypt is now the reverse of Iran: a grass-roots religious revolution is going on peacefully, people becoming more piously Islamic by the day. (2) [an irreplaceble CLASSIC:] Lane, Edward. *Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians* [about 1860?!?!] (3) El-Shamy, Hasan. *Folktales of Egypt* Chicago 1980. I hope this is of some use. Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:20:26 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:20:26 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:'head' & 'dependant' in Arabic query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: 'head' & 'dependant' in Arabic query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: Helle Lykke Nielsen Subject: 'head' & 'dependant' in Arabic query Hello Does anybody out there know how one should translate the general linguistic terms of "Head" and "dependant" into Arabic? We are actually developing an interactive grammar tool for students of Arabic as a second/foreign language - a tool which will be available for free on the internet, once it will be ready - using as many Arabic grammar terms as we possible can without our students getting too fed up. But unfortunately we have not been able to come up with a suitable translation of Head and Dependant. Can anybody help? Helle Lykke Nielsen -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:22:04 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:22:04 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Hedayat Center info response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Hedayat Center info response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: Aida Bamia Subject: Hedayat Center info response Dear Magda, Salamat! Here is the information you need: 72 Road no. 10, Maadi Tel. (202) 358 3915/358 9364 Fax: (202) 358 7172 e.mail: nhedayet at yahoo.com Kull sana we inti tayyeba. Aida Bamia -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:21:22 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:21:22 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:WinArabic for Mac Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: WinArabic for Mac -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: John Makhoul Subject: WinArabic for Mac WinArabic 1.5 from Mughamrat (www.mughamrat.com) allows one to view Arabic web pages in Netscape on the Mac (including PC formats). (It also allows for email in Arabic, but I did not try those other features.) For $39, this was really worth it for me. BUT BEWARE... Installing WinArabic destroyed my ability to display Arabic characters in Microsoft Word! I wrote to Mughamrat and told them about the problem; they did not respond (not nice). After much experimentation by one of our sys admins, he found that the System file had been corrupted. Reinstalling OS 9 fixed the problem. The same thing happened on my G4, G3, and Powerbook G3. So, by installing the Arabic system from OS 9, you get the ability to use Arabic in Word (but the system remains fundamentally left to right) and to view Arabic web sites that use Mac Arabic encoding. By installing WinArabic, you get the additional ability in Netscape to view Arabic web sites that use PC Arabic encoding (CP1256). But be sure to reinstall OS 9 after you install WinArabic. Otherwise, you would not be able to view Arabic in Word. Another glitch is that installing WinArabic results in some Arabic characters appearing in menus and other places, but I have learned to ignore those. John Makhoul P.S. Thanks to Jamal Qureshi who suggested that I take a look at the Mughamrat web site. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:27:05 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:27:05 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Ongoing Discussions/gender Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender 2) Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender Maybe Haamil, Haa'iD etc. on the one hand, and 9allaamatun, raawiyatun, etc. on the other hand are examples of "polarity" like / thalaathatu rijaalin / through / 9asharatu rijaalin / on the one hand, and / thalaathu niswatin / [a 'jam9 qillah !!] through / 9asharu niswatin / on the other, i.e. "masculine" numerals with feminine nouns and versa vice. Best wishes. Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender >However, there is a few such exceptions, and here are >just some. Singular body parts that have feminine gender marking: >(raqabah) = 'neck', >(Hanjarah) = 'larynx', (sewwah) = 'belly', (jabhah) = 'forehead', >and (luhaah)= 'uvula'. Again, singular body parts that end with a feminine gender marking are fine, because they are treated as feminine any way.  There is no need to treat them otherwise.  What is "sewwah"  ? >There are others as well. Paired body parts that are masculine: >(fakhdh) = thigh, (redf) = buttock, (koo3) = 'elbow', >(saa3ed) = >upper arm, (khad) = 'cheek', (nahd) = 'breast', (mebyaD) = ovary, >(ka3b) = 'heel', (jifn) = 'eyelid', and (Haleb) = >urinary track, >among others. Now, while you are providing few exceptions, you are confusing between FuSHaa and colloqiual.  Recall, the earliest thread of the discussion had to do with FuSHaa.  Conflating both systems is not possible to account for, following my precautinary remark in the previous posting. Here are my comments to the ones that are not masculine as you claim: 1- (fakhidh) = "thigh": is treated as feminine in FuSHaa not masculine 2- (ridf)= "buttock": synonimous with 9ajuz/kafal (lower part of body below the back) seems to be a neoligism in the gloss you provided 3- (nahd)="breast": no such meaning in FuSHaa. The word for "breast" in FuSHaa is "thadii": treated both as feminine and masculine (hence not problematic to the identified pattern) 4- (ka9b)="heel": again no such meaning in FuSHaa.  The word for "heel" is "9aqib" and is treated as feminine.  However, "ka9b" for "ankle" is considered part of four not two (pl. ?ak9ub/ku9uub/ki9aab), hence being masculine is not problematic 5- (jafn)="eylid": is considered part of four (pl. ?ajfun/?ajfaan/jufuun (upper and lower eyelid) not one of two, hence again not problematic to pattern 6- (mebyaD)= ovary: seems to be a neoligism 7-(kuu9)="elbow": kuu9 in FuSHaa means the part of wrest next to the thumb or both sides of the wrest, suggesting four body parts, not two. The word for "elbow" in FuSHaa is "mirfaq" treated as masculine. While I haven't denied existence of expections (and if it makes you happier, you can add Haajib "eyebrow" to the exceptions), the rule/pattern of body parts is too obvious (identified since the early days of Arabic grammatical tradition) to pass unnoticed or be blurred by few exceptions for since when rules have no exceptions. >Now, I really do not understand why Haamil, Haa?iD, naashiz, 3aaqir >and naahid and masculine, and I would appreciate it >if you >explained that to me. What I think is that these adjectives (not >nouns) are assigned masculine gender for some >reason, and that is >(the way I see it) is because they trigger very specific >presuppositions (female-specific adjectives). That >is why if you >said "rajul 3aqir", the sentence is anomalous because the >existential presupposition and that of the predicate >are >contradictory You mean a sentence as in "haadhaa r-rajulu 9aaqir" ? Well, to start with, "rajul 9aaqir" is fine not anomalous although irregular, the regular form being "rajul 9aqiir."  Second, why invoke pragmatics if the phenomenon can be captured semantically and/or syntactically in a straightforward fashion and without any ambiguity.  Your comment is not based on full understanding of the forms as they behave in FuSHaa Arabic.  Of course, there are many ways to speculate on this, one of which is that you could assume that such forms may have started with a feminine suffix and since they became sspecialized in referring to inherently feminine attributes and became so common that the suffix got dropped somehow.  But you really don't need to speculate this way if you know the full behavior of such forms. These forms do appear with the feminine {-ah} suffix but with an additional meaning.  In fact, the appearance of the feminine suffix with such forms is assumed to be obligatory (by Al-Khalil Ibn Ahmad as cited by Sibaawayhi) in eventive/temporal contexts, expressed paraphrastically (given that in the first place they are assumed to be feminine attributes exclusively): e.g., hiya Haa?iD-ah ghadan.  "She is menstruating tomorrow." This makes such forms on a par with other regular adjectives.  Consider hiya jaa?i9-ah "she is hungry(now)" or kaanat jaa?i9-ah "she was hungry" where hunger is an attribute that is not inherent or constantly present in females only but is a rather temporal state. >That means the gender here is semantic/pragmatic because it deals >with presuppositions, implicatures, and truth values. >The same >applies for 3allamah, etc., the use of which (rather than the form) >presupposes uniqueness. That is why they do >not have dual or plural >forms. Are you making up rules for Arabic or citing some source/s?.  Here are some plural forms: Haamilaat,  HaaDatin, 9uqur, nawaahid, kawaa9ib, etc.   >What I do not see a motivation for is collapsing the two categories. >They are clearly different because naashiz, and naahid >describe >human females, and ka?s and ?arD do not. The first class has >specific truth functional presuppositions; the other >does not I did not say you HAVE to collapse them.  I mentioned they "can" be collapsed together if that helps one understand this phenomenon. >Thanks for the comment, but apparently we are talking about two >different things. I am talking about the motivation for >assigning >gender. I have described semantic, syntactic and pragmatic >motivations Both issues are related whether you're talking about derivation or the motivation for derivation.  If you make the (idiosyncratic or not) lexical annotations be motivated simply based on your observation that verbs in Arabic have to be inflected (wherebey syntactic derivation is triggered by lexical annotation itself triggered by syntactic motivation) without any PROPER motivation (for an example of such a motivation consider my last comment below) then this is a clearly cyclic argument. Note additionally, in VSO order, where the subject is non-real feminine, the subject does not need to agree in gender with the verb: e.g.,  "Tala9a sh-shamsu" = "Tala9ati sh-shamsu" "The sun rose." >and I don't know of any morphological or phonological ones.  I would >be happy if you could open my eyes to these. Certainly, if you don't like the earlier example with respect to names of countries.  Here are some more examples that are morphologically (and semantically) driven. -Derived forms that have the pattern "fa9uul" and have the meaning of the active participle "faa9il" have the the same form for both masculine and feminine. e.g., rajul shakuur " a thankful man" ?imra?ah shakuur "a thankful woman" -the same with derived form that have the pattern "mif9al" -Derived forms that have the pattern "fa9iil" and have the meanining of "faa9il" then gender distinction is needed e.g.,  rajul kariim "a generous man" ?imra?ah kariim-ah "a generous woman" -Derived forms that have the patterns "fa9iil" and have the meanining of the passive participle "maf9uul" have often the same form for both the masculine and the feminine e.g., rajul jariiH "a wounded man" ?imra?ah jariiH "a wounded woman" (Note here with respect to the last one, to avoid ambiguity the feminine suffix has to surface if the form occurs as a nominal without a govenining head noun: e.g., ra?aytu jariiH-ah " I saw a wounded female.") These forms are so common and productive that they are even included by ?ibn Maalik in his ?alfyyah on Arabic grammar. >>To reach a good understanding of the Arabic language and certain >>other languages, one needs to understand the nature of >>derivation >>on the lexeme(word) level. Due to the principle of economy, noun >>stems in Arabic have (zero) masculine >>marking (by default). Other >>languages may have different default forms. To mark nouns for the >>gender feminine (singular), >>for example, the feminine suffix is >>affixed to the stem. (There are however certain nouns as mentioned >>before (samaa? >>"sky," ?arD "earth," ka?s "glass") that are >>feminine by default.) However, with respect to the Arabic language, >>gender >>derivation does not proceed in this fashion only. >I still have not seen your account of why there should be a default >gender assignment at all. Ok. assume you have a form, say baaliT, and suppose that this is the default stem, you would need, for example, two sets of affixes, one for masculine, say, {-oh} and one for feminine {-ah}.  The implication of this is that you have some sort of redundancy or a system that may be less effecient for storage, retrieval, and production purposes.  Now, in Arabic the default stem form is that of the masculine.  As I mentioned other languages exhibit a similar tendenacy.  For further implications and/or insights on this phenomenon, I recommend R. Beard's (1995) _Lexeme Morpheme Base Morphology_ and M. Aronoff's (1994) _Morphology by Itself)_. >Also, I do not know why samaa? is feminine but wafaa?, galaa?, and >walaa? are masculine. With respect to wafaa?, galaa?, walaa?, these are  forms whose endings are not the same as the feminine gender ending -aa? (?alif ?t-ta?niith ?al-mamduudah).  In other words, these are masculine forms as opposed to forms that have the patterns fa9laa? (nouns and adjectives where the masculine adjective has the pattern of ?af9al), ?af9ilaa?, fa9lalaa?, fi9aalaa?, fu9lulaa?, faa9uulaa?, faa9ilaa?, fi9liyaa? (e.g., kibriyaa?), etc, whose endings are identified as the feminine suffix {-aa?}. (You can consider these additional examples of morphology-driven gender markings.)  As for samaa?, there is disagreement as to whether it is exclusively treated as feminine or both as masculine and feminine.  Another opinion suggets that it is the plural form of samaa?ati, hence its treatment as feminine. If you don't accept this last justification, you may simply want to consider the form as irregular.  If you recall, I suggested for the purpose of the initial discussion that samaa? be collapsed with "crypto-feminine" class of nominals. >Finally, I do not know why lubnaan is masculine whereas 3umaan is feminine. I'm glad you asked.  While names of countries that end with  {-aan} marking are treated as masculine, 9umaan is treated as feminine for one simple reason: the noun by which it is governed, salTan-ah, is feminine (salTan-at 9umaan).  This is similar to the observation that all names of languages in Arabic (since the head noun is lugha-ah "language") as well as cities (since the governing head noun is madiin-ah/bald-ah "city/town") are treated as feminine including those that end with {-aan}; e.g., 9ammaan.  Now, this, not crypto-feminine nominals, is an example of syntactic gender and you can see the proper motivation for the modifying word to take on a gender marking. Hope this helps clarify certain issues. Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:10:44 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:10:44 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:'head' and 'dependent' responses Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response 2) Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response 3) Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Michael Fishbein Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response I wonder whether the difficulty in translating these terms has to do with the way in which the older Arabic grammarians analyzed sentences. They thought in terms of 'amil (or, 'aamil, if you prefer), which is generally translated as 'regens' (pl. regentia). G. Weil, whose article 'Amil was written for EI-1, but also appears in EI-2, defines an 'amil as: "a word, which, by the syntactical influence which it exercises on a word that follows, causes a grammatical alteration of the last syllable of the latter, i.e. a change of case or mood. Given the structure of Arabic, the 'amil almost always precedes the word it governs, and so can be called "head" of the construction. However, I have been unable to find the term for the word on which the 'amil exercises its influence. Is it al-ma'mul fihi? Logically, one would expect it to be this, but I have no text to cite. Can anyone help? Michael Fishbein -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Kaseh Abu Bakar Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response How about 'ra's' and 'mahmul '? Kaseh -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response If I understand you correctly, you want to avoid using more than one term: e.g., -Sifah & mawSuuf (within Noun-Adjective phrase) -muDaaf & muDaaf ?ilay (within N-N appoistion phrase) How about "musnad & musnad ?ilayh" (used in Arabic grammar to refer to subject-predicate & subject-verb relationship) although your students may encounter obvious predictable problems in the future. Personally, I recommend using original terminlogy as used in Arabic grammar to provide students with smmooth transition if they decide to expand their knowldge of Arabic grammar (or consult additional descriptions of Arabic) by using materials other than yours. Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:11:43 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:11:43 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Stats on Arabic Web Sites Query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Stats on Arabic Web Sites Query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: BOUALEM Malek FTRD/DMI/LAN Subject: Stats on Arabic Web Sites Query Dear Arabic list members, Could someone provide me with any statistics on Arabic Web Sites ? - How much Arabic web sites exist over the world ? - How much in each Arabic country (or in some of them) ? - What are the most used character encodings (CP-1256, ISO-6, etc.) ? - What is the percentage of each character encoding ? - What is the percentage of image-based web sites ? - Are there still many web pages with images ? I've already sent this query to the list but unfortunately I got no more than 3 answers that were only personal opinions. Many thanks to people who answered me before. And thank you in advance to people who may answer again. Of course I will make the answers available for all of you. Malek Boualem France Telecom R&D -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:12:33 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:12:33 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Egyptian Film/Book response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Egyptian Film/Book response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: dwilmsen Subject: Egyptian Film/Book response There is a documentary about Cairo of about half-an-hour in length directed by Youssef Chahine. It is unpopular with the Egyptian Censor's office though, because he dares to depict people living at close quarters and still doing what people do despite their lack of privacy. I think it has been banned. But I have heard that is available outside of Egypt. As I recall it is simply called "Cairo" or perhaps, since it is Chahine, "Le Caire". Towards the end, there is a bit of a forced fictitious plot about a young man trying to break into the film business and meeting with Chahine. In my opinion, that is a blemish on the film as a whole. But Chahine, like Hitchcock, likes to put in an appearance. It does serve, however, as a vehicle to raise the problems faced by Egyptian youth, and the solutions thereto proposed by more conservative and activist Islamists (probably another reason why the Censor took umbrage) - in which case it is also somewhat dated. I have always thought that the film "el-Hafid", which I have only recently mentioned here in another context, is a good film for exhibiting Egyptian culture. But showing to students would assume a fair degree of proficiency in Arabic on their parts. Dr. David Wilmsen -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:15:03 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:15:03 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:mora query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: mora query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: "Abu-Abbas, Khaled Hasan" Subject: mora query Hello all, I wonder if there is a minimal mora restriction on Arabic Nouns,Verbs,or both.And if initial consonant clusters are permitted in Arabic as in 'staqbala' (he received), is this cluster Moraic or not,Is the first Moraic alone? Any info. or useful references to this subject are highly appreciated. Thank you all Khaled Abu-Abbas University of Kansas kabbas at mail.ukans.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:15:46 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:15:46 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:U. of Southern Denmark Job Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: U. of Southern Denmark Job -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Helle Lykke Nielsen Subject: U. of Southern Denmark Job Employment opportunity University of Southern Denmark, Center for Contemporary Middle East Studies Visiting assistant professor of Arabic University of Southern Denmark, Odense is looking for a visiting assistant professor of Arabic for its proficiency based teaching in basic and intermediate Modern Standard Arabic as well as for courses in Media Arabic. The position involves between 11 and 12 hours of teaching a week to students on the combined Masters program of Arabic and business management as well as to students at the Open University Program. The successful candidate will also be expected to assist in developing language curricula for Arab immigrants and Arab heritage learners living in Denmark. Employment is to start in August 2001 and will be limited to a one-year period with a possible extension of maximum five years. Salary will be DKK 22.859,75 per month (October 2000 level ) approximately equal to US $ 2.798 per month. Qualifications for the position include native or near-native fluency in Arabic and English or Danish as 2nd language. The applicant should hold an academic degree; have a theoretical background in language education (e.g. MA I TAFL or similar) and teaching experience. A more detailed job description as well as further information about living in Denmark is available from Dr. Helle Lykke Nielsen, Center for Contemporary Middle East Studies, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark. E-mail hln at language.sdu.dk. Fax. +45 65 93 11 58. Deadline for application is May 1, 2001 at 12.00 hrs. Materials including a letter of application (marked "position no. 016013") curriculum vitae and a list of three references should be sent to: Faculty of the Humanities, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. Helle Lykke Nielsen Mellemøststudier -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:16:36 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:16:36 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Week in ME query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Week in ME query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Jan Hoogland Subject: Week in ME query Dear colleagues, Does anyone have a spare-copy of the book: A week in the Middle-East, An Arabic Language Reader by F.A. Pragnell. Or do you happen to know where to get hold of a copy? The copy in our library is missing. Thanks, Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:17:23 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:17:23 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:weaving vocabulary query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: weaving vocabulary query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: "David J. Wrisley" Subject: weaving vocabulary query I am at work on a study of Eastern weaving (cloth and especially luxury tapestries) as they show up in medieval Western European sources (middle French, Dutch, Franco-Venetian). What I am looking for is a glossary in Arabic (or Persian) for weaving or tapestry terminology. Any suggestions for that? Does anyone know a standard work on medieval tapestry making? Many thanks, David Wrisley -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:18:16 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:18:16 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LIGN:Comparative Linguistics query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Comparative Linguistics query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Waleed Al-Amri Subject: Comparative Linguistics query Dear colleagues, A friend of mine has been asked to teach the subject "Comparative Linguistics" for an Arab university undergraduate students. However, that is quite remote from his field of specialisation and he has been not given any material to teach. He is in dire need of references. Could anyone please e-mail the addresses of any internet site that deals with this subject, particularly relating to the language pair English/Arabic. (The material has to be in eletronic format) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:24:25 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:24:25 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Translation of words for Dictionary query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Translation of words for Dictionary query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Jan Hoogland Subject: Translation of words for Dictionary query Dear colleagues, Please take notice of this warning, I will only express it once: Don't you ever even start considering to compile a dictionary of Modern Standard Arabic. Now you can never blame me for not warning you. 'amma bacdu, Since I am in the unfortunate situation that some 8 years ago I did decide to make such a dictionary, and since I've got less then 2 months to finish my database, I am in desperate need for your help. There are quite some Dutch words for which we are still searching for a good Arabic Equivalent. Knowing that there is an immense quantity of knowlegde among the subscribers of this list, I will take the liberty of asking your help. In order to test your willingness I will start with a few words and hope to receive some useful hints. Please don't bother using difficult transliteration, your suggestions will hopefully speak for itself. (I myself simply use Upper Case for all characters that need some modification like dot below, stroke above etc, '=hamzah, c=cayn, such a transliteration should be clear enough). I will mention the word and some kind of semantic lable as well as a part of speech indicator. So if possible please help me on a good Arabic translation of: word POS lable assemble verb computer compile verb computer epoxy noun chemical overhead wire noun train/tram Just quote and write the ARabic behind the word, Arabic in Windows Code Page is OK too. Maybe the list-moderator will prefer if you reply off-list, for me any reaction will suffice. I will summarize all reactions if anyone wishes to receive this. Thanks in advance, Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:22:30 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:22:30 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Archives and searching Arabic-L Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Archives and searching Arabic-L -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: moderator Subject: Archives and searching Arabic-L I have been asked recently about whether arabic-l has a searchable archive. As some of you have found out through sad experience, the listserv which houses arabic-l, and which is supposed to have an archive of it, doesn't seem to work. However, LINGUIST does archive the messages and has a search engine. I was able to search for all the messages in 2000 that had the word 'job' in the subject heading and instantly get access to a large number of messages. So here is the info: Log onto: www.linguistlist.org click on: Lists archived and searchable on LINGUIST sites find Arabic-L, and go to its page, and then you can search it. dil -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:12:05 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:12:05 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Various Queries Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Index MS-Word Arabic query 2) Subject: Onset Consonant Clusters in Gulf Arabic query 3) Subject: POS Tag Set for Arabic query 4) Subject: author query 5) Subject: Long Vowel Query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: hdavies Subject: Index MS-Word Arabic query Hi. Can anyone tell me how to create an index using MS-Word Arabic that does not LUMP together all the words starting with alif-laam, and does not SPLIT words with suffixes? I have had no success as yet in obtaining help from MSWord support, or any other source. thanks. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: LeslieSYK at aol.com Subject: Onset Consonant Clusters in Gulf Arabic query Hello, Is anyone able to tell me if 'kl' and '9d' are possible onset consonant clusters (word-medially) in Gulf Arabic?  I am unsure how these two words would be syllabified.   'yaakluun'      Would it be 'yaak.luun' or 'yaa.kluun'? as in 'tammaw yaakluun athnaa l-muHaaDra' 'gaa9diin'    Would it be 'gaa9.diin' or 'gaa.9diin'? as in: 'yoom yiit, kinna gaa9diin nitbax il-ghada'. I would also appreciate it if anyone can tell me whether the 'superheavy' syllables CVVC, CVCC are considered to have 3 moras? I appreciate any assistance, Lisa -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Mohamed Noamany Subject: POS Tag Set for Arabic query Asalamo alikom, Are you aware of any part of speech tag set for Arabic or any work on POS tagging for Arabic ? Thanks in advance, Mohamed F. Noamany -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Eros Baldissera Subject: author query Dear Friends, Could anyone suggest if this auspicious sentence has a known author? li-SaaHibi-hi al-sa9aada / wa-al-salaama wa-Tuul al-9umr maa naaHat Hamaamu-hu / wa-9izz daa'im laa dhull fii-hi wa-iqbaal ilaa al-9aam ... Many thanks indeed. Eros -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: nousa6281 at hotmail.com Subject: Long Vowel Query dear list members in your analysis of the Arabic language would you consider the long vowels to be morphemes or allophones and why? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:01:52 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:01:52 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:weaving vocab responses Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: weaving vocab response 2) Subject: weaving vocab response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Mutarjm at aol.com Subject: weaving vocab response Greetings. While it may not relate directly, in historical terms, to medieval weaving and tapestry, William Eagleton's massive book on Kurdish carpets includes an English-Turkish-Arabic-Kurdish glossary, IIRC. I can check my library this evening and send publisher data and ISBN so you can find and borrow a copy via inbterlibrary loan. The bookstore of the Frier Gallery at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC had copies for sale, as of the mid-1990s. There are some books, in Arabic, about weaving that contain glossaries or wordlists, plus the late H. R. B. Dickson's unedited edition of "Arab of the Desert" has several chapters on bedu weaving. HTH. Regards from Los Angeles, Stephen H. Franke -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Paul Auchterlonie Subject: weaving vocab response I don't know of any glossary of Islamic textiles as such, but R.B.Serjeant - Islamic textiles : material for a history up to the Mongol conquest (Beirut: Librairie du Liban, 1972) is a useful place to start for linguistic queries in this field. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 21:58:28 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 14:58:28 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:ALS Bib query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: ALS Bib query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Samira Farwaneh Subject: ALS Bib query Hello, I remember a long time ago I was able to download the Arabic Linguistics bibliography, but I'm embarrassed to say that I cannot remember the site or the commands for downloading. Could someone please help? Also, has the bibliography been updated recently? Many Thanks, Samira -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:05:10 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:05:10 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:The term 9aamil influences response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: he term 9aamil influences response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Waheed Samy Subject: he term 9aamil influences response The term for the word on which the 9aamil exercises its influence is ma9muul. Thus you have the 9aamil its ma9muul, referred to as ma9muuluhu. Waheed -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:13:05 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:13:05 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Words for Dictionary Response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Words for Dictionary Response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Tim Buckwalter Subject: Words for Dictionary Response The Microsoft glossary has al-mujammi` for Assembler and al-mu'allif and mutarjim for Compiler. In actual usage, there is taSniif for "to compile" and muSannif for Compiler, but mutarjim is also used: e.g., mutarjim jaafaa (Java Compiler). Assembler is explained as "lughat al-kambyuutir al-asaasiyya". Epoxy: "maaddat iyboksi", "Samagh iyboksi", Overhead wires: xuTuuT kahrabaa'iyya fawqiyya -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:13:51 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:13:51 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Stats on Arabic Web Sites Response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Stats on Arabic Web Sites Response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Chahine Hamila Subject: Stats on Arabic Web Sites Response Greetings, I suggest you contact Ayna.com's webmaster. He posted once that 99% of the pages they served (4,000,000 a month if memory serves) are CP1256. However, since they allow other encodings, the explanation for the high frequency is that almost all Arab readers use IE, which requests by default a CP1256 page. Regards, Chahine -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:45:45 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:45:45 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:List matters Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: list suggestion 2) Subject: list thanks -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: BOUALEM Malek FTRD/DMI/LAN Subject: list suggestion Dear Dilworth B. Parkinson, When posting messages to the list, could you please put the answers together with the original questions ? Thank you for taking care of this "very" intersting list. Shukran Malek Boualem France Telecom R&D [moderator's note: This message was sent to me, not the list, but I decided to post it so that those of you wondering about it would know. I have usually avoided including the original questions with the responses since that makes the messages inordinately long in some cases, and since multiple responses keep adding up. In a few cases I leave in a quote from the query when the response is responding to a specific part of the query that may not be remembered. If I feel that the gist of the query can be figured out from the heading and the content of the message, I leave it out. I am willing to reconsider this policy, so if you have feelings on the subject, let me know. I'll tally the results, and make a decision in the next few weeks. Dil] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: Ernest McCarus Subject: list thanks ArabicL is a tremendous service to us all in the Arabic language profession, whether teacher or learner (is there a difference?!), and it obviously requires a great deal of time and effort. I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to Brigham Young University and staff and most of all to Dil Parkinson for this fantastic service that they are providing to us all. Ma`a jaziili l-shukr, wa-aHarri l-tamanniyaat. Ernest McCarus [moderator's note: thanks!] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:25:00 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:25:00 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Mazen response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Mazen response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: Yaser Al-Onaizan Subject: Mazen response Hi Geneva, The following is translated from the entry in The "Dictionary of Arab Names", by Sultan Qabboos University's Encyclopedia of Arab Names. Mazen: root (MZN) Meaning: one who rush to request help. They say "mzn min al-'adw" when you run away from the enemy. "al-mazin" is one with bright face. Hope that helps, Yaser -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:27:07 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:27:07 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:'head' and 'dependent' response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response According to *A Dictionary of Modern Linguistic Terms* (Beirut 1983), "head (of a microsegment)" is / markazu t-tarkiib /; "head (of an intonation)" is / markazu t-tanghiim /" and "head word" is / al-kalimatu l-markaziyyatu /. P. 35. The head of the wife, of course, is the husband (Bible). "dependent clause" (p. 17) is / al-9ibaaratu t-taabi9atu (ghayru l-mustaqillati)/; "dependent sound change" is / at-taghayyuru S-Sawtiyyu t-taabi9u \ al-mashruuTu /. Best wishes, Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:33:53 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:33:53 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:gender Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: gender 2) Subject: gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: gender RE: la-quTbiyyah al-'andalusiyyah. amanecer, anochecer, etc. are calques (semantic borrowings) in Spanish from Arabic. Might not the Arabic AUGMENTATIVE / -atun / as in / 9allaamatun /, / raawiyatun /, / nassaabatun /, etc. be be the historical source of such Spanish pairs as: Masc: jarro "little jar' vs. Fem. jarra "big jar;" hoyo "hole" hoya "valley;" rayo "spoke" raya "stripe, streak." or is this perhaps merely another instance of the natural superiority of women, a la: Die ewige Weiblichkeit zieht uns hinaaaaaaan?? (Not from Down Under) Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: mughazy Subject: gender alhawar at american.edu wrote “Again, singular body parts that end with a feminine gender marking are fine, because they are treated as feminine any way. There is no need to treat them otherwise.” The way I understood your ‘rule’ is that singular body parts are masculine and paired ones are feminine. If this is the case, how can single parts that are inflected for feminine be fine? Then why the exception that you mentioned, namely ‘surrah’ (naval) is not fine? Also, there is not a couple of exceptions. If you look at fiqh al-lughah by al-tha3aliby you will find tens of ‘exceptions’. I do not know how many exceptions it takes to refute the existence of a rule. “(ridf)= "buttock": synonimous with 9ajuz/kafal (lower part of body below the back) seems to be a neoligism in the gloss you provided (nahd)="breast": no such meaning in FuSHaa. The word for "breast" in FuSHaa is "thadii": treated both as feminine and masculine (hence not problematic to the identified pattern) (mebyaD)= ovary: seems to be a neoligism" I did not ask you earlier about what you think fuSHa is, and I think I should now because you are considering all these words to be neologisms. In fact, if your ‘rule’ is really a rule, it is expected to accommodate neologisms, if they were. In your latest posting you gave the example of ‘naahid’ but now you are telling me that ‘nahd’ is not fuSHa. Interestingly, I checked Al-tunair (1987), and he claims that ‘nahd’, ‘thadii’ and ‘bez’ are all fuSHa words, and they are all masculine (and these are paired). Also, earlier on you responded to the case of ‘ma3idah’ (stomach) by providing a close synonym, namely, ‘baTn' that fits in your rule, and you did the same to other examples. I am not concerned with synonyms, I am concerned with the forms that do not follow that rule. I would agree that the Arab grammarians did a great job describing patterns of gender assignment. However, these are descriptive patterns, and they have little, if any, explanatory power. In fact, I was waiting for you to tell me why single body pairs are assigned masculine not feminine (why not feminine?) Is it an arbitrary decision or a motivated one? Also, who made that decision? Are we thinking of fuSHa as a pure language, or a variety of a language that changes? “You mean a sentence as in "haadhaa r-rajulu 9aaqir" ? “Well, to start with, "rajul 9aaqir" is fine not anomalous although irregular, the regular form being "rajul 9aqiir."” Well, I am sorry but I have to disagree because that sentence is anomalous. Actually if you accept that sentence, you will have to accept "haatha rajul Hamil" (this is a pregnant man). I do not have the native speaker’s intuitions about fuSHa, but I still think that it is a contradiction i.e., it is false under all possible assignments of truth-values for its terms. Unfortunately most emails do not support predicate logic notation. Otherwise, I would have shown you the truth table for that sentence. “Second, why invoke pragmatics if the phenomenon can be captured semantically and/or syntactically in a straightforward fashion and without any ambiguity. Your comment is not based on full understanding of the forms as they behave in FuSHaa Arabic.” Thanks again for your kind comments, but believe me Arabs knew about pragmatics and they used pragmatic gender marking. Here is an example from asraar al-3arabiyya (p. 228) Omar ben-abi rabii3a said “fakaana mejanna doona ma kuntu attaqi thalaath shukhooSin ka3ibaani wa mu3Siri” In the phrase ‘thalaath shukhooS’ (three-masculine persons-masculine) the gender of the quantifier is the same as that of the noun although it is supposed to be feminine for the quantifier. Also, in the Koran “fa?aHyayyna bihi baldatan mayyetan” where the adjective mayyetan (dead) is masculine and the noun baldatan (town) is feminine. These are typical cases of transfer of meaning, which is a pure pragmatic phenomenon discussed in several papers by Geoffrey Nunberg. You can figure out the conversational implicatures invoked by gender marking. Haa?iD etc. “These forms do appear with the feminine {-ah} suffix but with an additional meaning. In fact, the appearance of the feminine suffix with such forms is assumed to be obligatory (by Al-Khalil Ibn Ahmad as cited by Sibaawayhi) in eventive/temporal contexts, expressed paraphrastically (given that in the first place they are assumed to be feminine attributes exclusively): e.g., hiya Haa?iD-ah ghadan. "She is menstruating tomorrow." This makes such forms on a par with other regular adjectives. Consider hiya jaa?i9-ah "she is hungry(now)" or kaanat jaa?i9-ah "she was hungry" where hunger is an attribute that is not inherent or constantly present in females only but is a rather temporal state.” Thank you for the example, which shows that sometimes gender is assigned for semantic reasons (that is part of my argument). I am not sure if hunger is not inherent or menstruating is constant (I hope not), but your attempt does not explain how gender assignment is syntactic or even semantic. That is what I tried to explain in terms of presupposition, which is empirical rather than speculative. I said “ 3allamah, etc., the use of which (rather than the form) >presupposes uniqueness. That is why they do >not have dual or plural >forms.” You said “Are you making up rules for Arabic or citing some source/s?. Here are some plural forms: Haamilaat, HaaDatin, 9uqur, nawaahid, kawaa9ib, etc. “ Apparently you did not read what I said closely. I was talking about the subset of words that have indefeasible conventional implicatures, logical entailments and presuppositions such as 3allaamah that do not have dual or plural forms because of these presuppositions. Also, again you are using nawaahid although you claim nahd is not fuSHa. Once again I acknowledge the great job the Arab grammarians did describing gender assignment and disagreement. However, I think linguists should try to account for these patterns (not rules), although it is a formidable task, rather than simply view these descriptions as self motivated rules. Also, I still think that there are semantic and pragmatic motivations for gender assignment and disagreement in Arabic. I believe that semantics and pragmatics are not things that we 'invoke' when we have nothing to say. That is my story and I am sticking to it till I see good research grounded in formal semantics and pragmatic theory that proves otherwise. Mustafa A. Mughazy Graduate student Depatment of Linguistics University of Illinois Urbana Champaign -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:37:52 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:37:52 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:JSA Call for Papers Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: JSA Call for Papers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: Nada Mourtada Sabbah Subject: JSA Call for Papers [moderator's note: I don't post attachments on Arabic-L, so I have transferred the content of the attachment to the message.] Dear Colleague, Enclosed in a file attachment is a "Call for Papers" for the Journal of Social Affairs (JSA). We would be very grateful if you would inform your colleagues and publicize the Call for Papers in whatever ways you deem to be appropriate. The JSA is a broadly based journal which accepts manuscripts on a wide array of topics, mainly in the humanities and social sciences. It is recognized as one of the leading academic journals in the Middle East for these fields. In the past, the JSA was published exclusively in Arabic. The Fall 2001 issue is the first which will be published in English. It is also the first issue which will be published by the American University of Sharjah (AUS). In the event that it is of interest, I include a few words about AUS both after my contact information below, and after the Call for Papers. Thank you very much in advance for your efforts at publicizing the Call for Papers. If you or your colleagues would like any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me. Sincerely, Nada Mourtada-Sabbah Ph.D., Université de Paris II JSA, Deputy Editor-In-Chief E-Mail: nmourtada-JSA at aus.ac.ae ABOUT AUS The American University of Sharjah is a private, nonprofit, coeducational, American-style institution in the Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. It is affiliated with the American University in Washington, D.C. The Chancellor, Roderick S. French, was Vice President of George Washington University for many years before coming to AUS. The language of instruction at AUS is English. All classes and administrative functions are carried out in English. AUS admitted its first students and began classes in the fall of 1997, and is the first comprehensive university of its kind in the Gulf region. The University is committed to a vision of itself as an independent institution based on the American model, but one which is thoroughly grounded in Arab culture. AUS was established and is funded by His Highness, Dr. Sheik Sultan Bin Mohammed Al Qassimi, Supreme Council Member, CALL FOR PAPERS The Journal of Social Affairs The Journal of Social Affairs (JSA) wel-comes manuscripts from a wide variety of fields, including anthropolo-gy, cul-tural studies, eco-nom-ics, education, histo-ry, international relations, law, philosophy, psy-chology, and sociolo-gy. The aim of the Journal is to promote the flow of those scholarly works that will be of benefit to the United Arab Emirates in partic-ular, and the Middle East in general. Some preference will be given to manu-scripts which are of direct relevance to the United Arab Emirates and the Middle East, but other manu-scripts are also very much en-cour-aged. Under the condi-tions of a new agreement signed January 30, 2001, the Journal of Social Af-fairs will be pub-lished jointly by the American University of Sharjah (AUS) and the Socio-logical Asso-ciation of the United Arab Emirates. The Sociological Association has been publishing the JSA for 17 years, exclu-sively in Arabic. Un-der the new agreement, however, approxi-mate-ly half of each issue will be pub-lished in English (com-menc-ing with the Fall issue of 2001). The Journal will therefore become more acces-sible to schol-ars throughout the world. The JSA is currently recognized as one of the leading social sci-ence jour-nals in the Mid-dle East, and is widely read in such coun-tries as Egypt, Ku-wait, Iraq, Jordan, Oman, Qa-tar, Saudi Ara-bia, Syria, and the Unit-ed Arab Emir-ates. The JSA is published quarterly. All submissions for publication undergo blind peer reviews by multi-ple reviewers. Manuscripts are acknowl-edged within two weeks of re-ceipt. Every attempt will be made to inform au-thors about the suitability of submit-ted manuscripts for publica-tion within three months. Manuscripts in English should be Manusripts in Arabic should be submitted to: submitted to: Dr. Nada Mourtada-Sabbah Dr. Mohammed Al-Mutawa JSA, Deputy Editor-in-Chief JSA, Editor-In-Chief American University of Sharjah The Sociological Association of the UAE P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah P.O. Box 3745, Sharjah United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates E-mail: nmourtada-JSA at aus.ac.ae -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:26:10 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:26:10 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:Long Vowel Response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Long Vowel Response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: Ernest McCarus Subject: Long Vowel Response >in your analysis of the Arabic language would you consider the long vowels >to be morphemes or allophones and why? In Standard Arabic the long vowels are phonemes. For example, the long vowel aa is a phoneme, /aa/. If it by itself carries meaning then it will also be a morpheme, . To illustrate, the pronoun /hum/ means 'they (masculine plural)'; with the addition of it becomes /humaa/ 'they (DUAL)'. Thus, is the dual morpheme in Standard Arabic; it is, of course, also found in nouns, e.g., /kitaab/ 'book' but /kitaabaahum/ 'their TWO books' and in verbs, e.g., /katabat/ 'she wrote' and /katabataa/ 'they (feminine DUAL) wrote'. The /aa/ in /kitaab/ is merely a phoneme but in /katabataa/ it is a phoneme which is also a morpheme. Allophones are variant pronunciations of a given phoneme, variations that are determined by the adjacent phonemes. Thus, the phoneme /aa/ has two principal allophonic types in most forms of Standard Arabic, [aa] roughly like the "a" in English "cad" and [AA] like the "o" in English "cod". [AA] occurs in a "back" environment-one containing an emphatic consonant, qaaf, etc.-whereas [aa] occurs only elsewhere. So /aa/ is by definition not an allophone, but a symbol that stands for a set of related allophones. Allophones are phonetically similar but mutually exclusive; that is, allophone A occurs in one particular environment only, allophone B occurs only in a different particular environment, and allophone C never occurs in either of those two environments. To take the Standard Arabic example above, [aa] and [AA] are phonetically similar and [AA] only occurs in a back environment whereas [aa] never occurs there; they are allophones of the phoneme /aa/. How does one define "phoneme"? Phonemes can be defined as the basic distinctive units of speech for a given language; they are the consonants and vowels of a language, plus "prosodic features", such as: accent (stress, like English "PERmit" [noun] vs. "perMIT" [verb]; or pitch, like Japanese "hashi" which can mean "bridge", "edge", or "chopsticks" depending on the pitch of the two vowels-high, mid, or low); length (of vowels, like Arabic bal 'but' vs. baal 'mind', or of consonants, like `alam 'flag' vs. `allam 'he taught'); or intonation, like the difference between /jaa`uu./ 'they came' vs. /[hal] jaa'uu?/. 'Did they come?' Ernest McCarus -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:10:08 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:10:08 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:JAIS article on Compass Sources Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: JAIS article on Compass Sources -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Joseph Norment Bell Subject: JAIS article on Compass Sources Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies http://www.uib.no/jais/jais.htm http://enlil.ff.cuni.cz/jais/jais.htm We call attention to the following new posting: Petra G. Schmidl. Two Early Arabic Sources on the Magnetic Compass. Adobe Acrobat 4.0 PDF file, 357 kB. Vol. 1 (1996-97): 81-132. The pre-publication version has been posted today (http://www.uib.no/jais/v001/schmidl1.pdf). The HTML version will be posted with the final version in a few weeks. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:11:39 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:11:39 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Mazen summary Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Mazen summary -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: GENEVA MARIE AWAD Subject: Mazen summary Last week I posted a query regarding the consonantal root and the meaning of the name Mazen. I'd like to thank the following people for their help: Wail Gueaieb, Elkafi Hassini, Michael Schub, Haseeb Shehadeh, Mohammad T. Alhawary, and Yaser Al-Onaizan. I had hoped this would be a simple, straight-forward question; however, I received more than half a dozen interpretations, nearly all of them different. Here's a summary of the responses: 1. root: kh z n meaning: derived from the plural "makhaazin," meaning a storehouse 2. root: m z n meaning: ants' eggs 3. root: w z n meaning: weight or balance 4. root: m z n meaning: to rush in seeking one's need, to go on one's way, or to cover a stretch of land by walking non-stop. 5. root: m z n meaning: one who rushes to request help (perhaps related to # 4) 6. derived from muzn, meaning rain clouds (or is it white clouds?) 7. Mazen is a sub-tribe of the Tamiim 8. al-maazin means one with a bright face I am puzzled by all the different interpretations! I would love to hear any more thoughts/suggestions. I'm especially interested in hearing from anyone whose name is Mazen. Many thanks, Geneva Awad -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:12:33 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:12:33 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Language Issues Colloquium postponed Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Language Issues Colloquium postponed -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Tourabi Abderrezzak Subject: Language Issues Colloquium postponed Dear All It is our pleasure to inform that the colloquium on "Language Issues" has been postponed till October, 24, 25, and 26, 2001. Please renew your participation taking in consideration this change. The colloquium is due to take place from 24 till 26 October 2001 at the Institute for the Study and Research on Arabization, Rabat-MOROCCO . All participations are welcomed. Best regards Tourabi -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:13:37 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:13:37 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:TRANS:Barratry Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Barratry -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Ali Houissa Subject: Barratry I'm looking for an equivalent term or phrase of the following word in Arabic/Muslim legal practice. Thanks for help. BARRATRY - Maritime Law, Crimes. A fraudulent act of the master or mariners, committed contrary to their duty as such, to the prejudice of the owners of the ship. The act of Congress of April 30, 1790, s.8, punishes with death as piracy, 'any captain or mariner of any ship or other vessel who shall piratically and feloniously run away with such ship or vessel, or any goods or merchandize to the value of fifty dollars; or yield up such ship or vessel to any pirate or if any such seamen shall lay violent hands upon his commander, thereby to binder or prevent his fighting in defence of his ship or goods committed to his trust, or shall make a revolt in the said ship.' --b-- BARRATOR - One who has been guilty of the offence of barratry. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:22:20 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:22:20 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Advertisement for QuarkXpress Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Advertisement for QuarkXpress -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: GnhBos at aol.com Subject: Advertisement for QuarkXpress Press Release, March 2001 =================== IDEX Show Daily Published on QuarkXPress & ArabicXT LIVE Press Release. Layout Middle East is proud to announce that the "Gulf Defense Magazine" and "Jane's Information Group" have joined forces again to publish the IDEX 2001 Show Daily Magazine using Layout's QuarkXPress & ArabicXT publishing software. IDEX 2001, the Fifth International Defense Exhibition and Conference, is being held at the Abu Dhabi International Exhibition Center in the UAE capital, Abu Dhabi, from 18- 22 March 2001. IDEX 2001 is the biggest defense exhibition in the region. Over 800 companies from more than 41 countries participate in this exhibition, which is attended by over 40,000 professional and committed visitors from around the world. Live demonstrations on ammunition & arms are conducted daily during the show. Editors and reporters gather their articles and news, then download them directly to the editorial work group network. Photographers use state of the art digital cameras and scanners to download their pictures and images onto the network. Page layout artists use QuarkXPress & ArabicXT to assemble pages both in English & Arabic, and after proofing, pages are sent via ISDN lines straight from the show grounds to the Printing Press, where printing plates are made and the Magazine is printed. "We have been using QuarkXPress & ArabicXT for producing our bi-monthly Gulf Defense Magazine for a long time." Said Mr. Youssef Faour, Production Manager of the Magazine. "We rely on QuarkXPress & ArabicXT for all our publishing needs. We need fast and reliable DTP products like QuarkXPress & ArabicXT, in order to be able to publish a daily magazine live from the show and meet our deadlines." Added Mr. Faour. "It gives us great pleasure to see our products being used at state of the art publishing sites like the Gulf Defense Magazine site" Said Mr. Joe Karkour, Area Manager of Layout Middle East. "QuarkXPress & ArabicXT are reliable products and continue to dominate the publishing industry in the world." Added Mr. Karkour. More About Layout: http://www.Layoutltd.com More About AramediA: http://www.aramedia.com More About QuarkXpress: http://www.quark.com More About IDEX: http://www.Idex-2001.com Get QuarkXPress ArabicXT: http://www.arabicsoftware.net Best Regards, George N. Hallak AramediA Group 761 Adams Street Boston, MA 02122, USA http://www.aramedia.com mailto:info at aramedia.com T 617-825-3044 F 617-265-9648 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:16:41 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:16:41 -0700 Subject: Arabic-l:PEDA:Hebrew U Arabic Summer Course 2001 Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Hebrew U Arabic Summer Course 2001 -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Yohanan Friedmann Subject: Hebrew U Arabic Summer Course 2001 The Rothberg School for Overseas Students of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem offers three summer courses in Arabic, between June 25, 2001 and August 2, 2001. 1. Literary Arabic - Elementary. An introduction to literary Arabic. Grammar, reading of graded texts, drills in pronunciation and translation. The course is designed for students with no previous knowledge of the language. Classes meet five days a week, 5 hours daily. 2. Literary Arabic - Intermediate. Readings of easy classical and modern prose. Exercises in translation. Review of basic grammar and continued study of morphology and syntax. The course is designed mainly to improve students' reading comprehension. Prerequisite: One year of academic study of Arabic or equivalent. Classes meet five days a week, 5 hours daily. 3. Spoken Arabic - Elementary. The course is designed to enable students to hold conversation in Arabic, in the dialect spoken in Jerusalem. Classes meet for 5 days a week, 4 hours daily. The courses are coordinated by Prof. Yohanan Friedmann For information on registration, please write to Mr. Yoel Nesson: msnesson at pluto.mscc.huji.ac.il For academic matters, please write to Prof. Yohanan Friedmann: msyfried at pluto.mscc.huji.ac.il You can also visit our website at: http://www2.huji.ac.il/www_sfos/top.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:18:49 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:18:49 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Arabic Language Processing Call Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Arabic Language Processing Call -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Steven Krauwer Subject: Arabic Language Processing Call FINAL CALL FOR PAPERS ACL/EACL 2001 Workshop ARABIC Language Processing: Status and Prospects Toulouse, France, Friday 6 July 2001 Co-organized by: ELSNET/NAPLUS WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES AND DESCRIPTION: The objective of the workshop is threefold. * First of all we want to bring together people who are actively involved in Arabic language and/or speech processing in a mono- or multilingual context, and give them an opportunity to report on completed and ongoing work as well as on the availability of products and core technologies. This should enable the participants to develop a common view on where we stand with respect to Arabic language processing. * Secondly, we want to identify problems of common interest, and possible mechanisms to move towards solutions, such as sharing of tools and resources, moving towards standards, sharing and dissemination of information and expertise, adoption of current best practices, setting up joint projects and technology transfer mechanisms, etc. * Third, we would like to enhance collaboration between the Arabic NLP community and the NLP community at large. The workshop program will include the following components: * Introduction * Overview talks * Scientific papers * Short presentations of projects, core technologies and products * A panel session and/or a round table discussion * Conclusions SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SCIENTIFIC PAPERS: Papers are solicited that address all aspects of Arabic language processing in a mono- or multilingual context, including tools, resources and standards. Papers will have to be original and report on completed research. Submissions of scientific papers should not exceed eight (8) pages. Please provide a list of keywords in the separate header page. Further submission details below. SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SHORT PRESENTATIONS OF PROJECTS, CORE TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS: Short presentations serve to give the audience an impression of ongoing activities and projects, and of existing core technologies and products, with a view to possible collaboration and synergies (i.e. NO commercial product presentations). Submissions of short presentations should not exceed two (2) pages. Short presentations will be reviewed on the basis of relevance and clarity of presentation. REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL SUBMISSIONS: Electronic submissions only (PostScript, Word, or PDF), following the appropriate ACL latex style or Microsoft Word style. Submissions should not exceed the length indicated above, including references. You can download the appropriate style or template files using the following link: http://acl2001.dfki.de/style/. Submission and presentation language is English. In case of problems with the submission format, please contact steven.krauwer at elsnet.org. Submissions should be sent to steven.krauwer at elsnet.org. All submissions will be acknowledged. DEADLINES FOR ALL SUBMISSIONS: * Submission deadline: 6th April 2001 * Notification date: 27th April 2001 * Camera-ready papers due: 16th May 2001 * Workshop date: 6th July 2001 CONFIRMED CORE PROGRAMME/ORGANISATION COMMITTEE: * Mustafa Yaseen, Amman University, Jordan (Co-chair, myaseen at cbj.gov.jo) * Joseph Dichy, Universite Lumiere-Lyon 2, France (Co-chair, dichy at univ-lyon2.fr) * Steven Krauwer, Utrecht University / ELSNET, The Netherlands (Contact person, steven.krauwer at elsnet.org) * Adnane Zribi, University of Tunis, Tunisia (adn at gnet.tn) * Salem Ghazali, IRSIT, Tunisia (ghazali at irsit.rnrt.tn) * Humoud Al-Sadoun, Ministry of Education, Kuwait (hbh at moe.edu.kw) * Jean Senellart, SYSTRAN, France (senellart at systran.fr) * Nadia Hegazy, ERI, Egypt (nhegazy at idsc.gov.eg) * Khalid Choukri, ELRA/ELDA, France (choukri at elda.fr) * Malek Boualem, FTRD/DMI/LAN, France (malek.boualem at rd.francetelecom.fr) * Everhard Ditters, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands, (e.ditters at let.kun.nl) WORKSHOP URL: http://www.elsnet.org/acl2001-arabic.html CONTACT INFO: Steven Krauwer email: steven.krauwer at elsnet.org ELSNET / UiL OTS www: http://www.elsnet.org Trans 10 phone: +31 30 253 6050 3512 JK Utrecht, NL fax: +31 30 253 6000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:21:02 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:21:02 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Adjectives and Nouns Responses Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Adjectives and Nouns Response 1) Subject: Adjectives and Nouns Response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Adjectives and Nouns Response Dear Abby, I bought a nice Persian for my bedroom floor--my wife became furious! The term /al-9arabiyyatu/ is a substantivised noun, i.e. it is originally an adjective in the expression /al-lughatu l-9arabiyyatu/ [Above, I intended a Persian cat or rug--would you like to go out and eat some Chinese tonight?] Can any adjective in Arabic be substantivised (=used as a noun)? Best wishes, Unsubstantivised in Hartford, Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Adjectives and Nouns Response Re: nouns/adj.s: The Arab grammarians divided words into three major catagories: ism (nouns, including adjectives: both may get tanwiin); fi9l (verbs); and Harf (particles). Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:23:32 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:23:32 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:Ancient Books on meaning query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Ancient Books on meaning query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Rizwanur Rahman Subject: Ancient Books on meaning query Assalamu Alaikum I am working on tradition of meaning in the context of Arabic language. I want to know whether there are old Arabic books on this subject written by grammarians of mediaeval period. I'll be thankful to you for you kind favour. Hafizaka allah Dr. R. Rahman New Delhi -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:10:58 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:10:58 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:AJISS looking for Book Reviewers Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: AJISS looking for Book Reviewers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: "Muhammad S. Eissa" Subject: AJISS looking for Book Reviewers he American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences is looking for reviewers for the books below. For more information, contact the Book Review Editor, Dr. Kathy Bullock, at kathy at cy-tek.com 1. Tulip in the Desert – A Selection of the Poetry of Muhammad Iqbal. Mustansir Mir, McGill-Queens University Press, 2000 2. The New Mamlukes: Egyptian Society and Modern Feudalism Amira El Azhary El Sonbol & Robert A. Fernea. Syracuse University Press, 2000 3. Force Majeure: The Clinton Administration’s Sudan Policy David Hoile 4. The Advent of the Fatimids: A Contemporary Shi’I Witness Wilfred Madelung & Paul Walker, 2000. 5. The Politics of Writing in Iran: A History of Modern Persian Literature Kamran Talattof . Syracuse University Press,1999 6. The Israeli-Syrian Peace Talks: 1991-96 and Beyond. Helena Cobban, 1999. 7. Contemporary Debates in Islam: Modernism vs Fundamentalism. Kamran Talattof & Mansoor Moaddel (Eds) St. Martin's Press, Inc, 1999 8. Winning the Modern World for Islam Abdelsalam Yassine 9. Classical Arabic Biography: The Heirs of the Prophets in the Age of Al-Ma'mun Michael Cooperson Cambridge University Press, 2000 10. Jerusalem in History K J Asali. Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporated, 1998 11. Building a New Society Zahid Parvez 12. The Poetry of Arab Women: A Contemporary Anthology. Nathalie Handal (ed). Interlink Publishing Group, 2000 13. Education in the Arab Gulf States and the Arab World El-Sanabary, Garland Publishing, 1992 . 14.The Brunei Constitution: An Inside History BA Hussainniya 15. History Testifies the Infallibility of the Qur’an: Early History of the Children of Israel. Louay Fatoohi & Shetha al-Dargazelli 16. Muslims: Their Beliefs and Practices. Andrew Rippin. Routledge, 2000 17. Challenges to Democracy Arat, Y., Ashraf, A., Baram, A., et al. Markus Wiener, 1996 18. Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam Markus Wiener, 1996 Peters, Rudolph F 19 Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3rd/9th Century Popovic, Alexandre. Markus Wiener, 1999 20. The Book of Strangers: Medieval Arabic Graffiti on the Theme of Nostalgia (attributed to al-Isfahani) P Crone and Shmuel Moreh. Markus Wiener, 2000. 21. Rivers of Fire: The Conflict over Water in the Middle East); Soffer, Arnon. Rowan & Littlefield, 1999 22. Human Rights and Revolutions Wasserstrom, Jeffrey N, Lynn Hunt, and Marilyn B. Young (eds), Rowan & Littlefield, (2000). 23. Recognizing Islam: Religion and Society in the Modern Middle East, Michael Gilsenan, (2000) 24. The Brink of Peace: The Israeli-Syrian Negotiations Itamar Rabinovich, Princeton University Press (1999). 25. Nation and Religion: Perspectives on Europe and Asia. Peter Van der Veer, and Hartmut Lehmann. (1999). 26. Travellers in Faith: Studies of the Taglighi Jama’at as a Transnational Islamic Movement for Faith Renewal. Muhammad Khalid Masud (ed) (2000) 27. A History of Modern Yemen Paul Dresch The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences is looking for book reviewers for various books (see below). AJISS, published quarterly by the International Institute of Islamic Thought and the Association of Muslim Social Scientists, is a referred journal. For more information, please contact AJISS Book Editor, Dr. Kathy Bullock, at kathy at cy-tek.com 1. Tulip in the Desert – A Selection of the Poetry of Muhammad Iqbal. Mustansir Mir, McGill-Queens University Press, 2000 2. The New Mamlukes: Egyptian Society and Modern Feudalism Amira El Azhary El Sonbol & Robert A. Fernea. Syracuse University Press, 2000 3. Force Majeure: The Clinton Administration’s Sudan Policy David Hoile 4. The Advent of the Fatimids: A Contemporary Shi’I Witness Wilfred Madelung & Paul Walker, 2000. 5. The Politics of Writing in Iran: A History of Modern Persian Literature Kamran Talattof . Syracuse University Press,1999 6. The Israeli-Syrian Peace Talks: 1991-96 and Beyond. Helena Cobban, 1999. 7. Contemporary Debates in Islam: Modernism vs Fundamentalism. Kamran Talattof & Mansoor Moaddel (Eds) St. Martin's Press, Inc, 1999 8. Winning the Modern World for Islam Abdelsalam Yassine 9. Classical Arabic Biography: The Heirs of the Prophets in the Age of Al-Ma'mun Michael Cooperson Cambridge University Press, 2000 10. Jerusalem in History K J Asali. Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporated, 1998 11. Building a New Society Zahid Parvez 12. The Poetry of Arab Women: A Contemporary Anthology. Nathalie Handal (ed). Interlink Publishing Group, 2000 13. Education in the Arab Gulf States and the Arab World El-Sanabary, Garland Publishing, 1992 . 14.The Brunei Constitution: An Inside History BA Hussainniya 15. History Testifies the Infallibility of the Qur’an: Early History of the Children of Israel. Louay Fatoohi & Shetha al-Dargazelli 16. Muslims: Their Beliefs and Practices. Andrew Rippin. Routledge, 2000 17. Challenges to Democracy Arat, Y., Ashraf, A., Baram, A., et al. Markus Wiener, 1996 18. Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam Markus Wiener, 1996 Peters, Rudolph F 19 Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3rd/9th Century Popovic, Alexandre. Markus Wiener, 1999 20. The Book of Strangers: Medieval Arabic Graffiti on the Theme of Nostalgia (attributed to al-Isfahani) P Crone and Shmuel Moreh. Markus Wiener, 2000. 21. Rivers of Fire: The Conflict over Water in the Middle East); Soffer, Arnon. Rowan & Littlefield, 1999 22. Human Rights and Revolutions Wasserstrom, Jeffrey N, Lynn Hunt, and Marilyn B. Young (eds), Rowan & Littlefield, (2000). 23. Recognizing Islam: Religion and Society in the Modern Middle East, Michael Gilsenan, (2000) 24. The Brink of Peace: The Israeli-Syrian Negotiations Itamar Rabinovich, Princeton University Press (1999). 25. Nation and Religion: Perspectives on Europe and Asia. Peter Van der Veer, and Hartmut Lehmann. (1999). 26. Travellers in Faith: Studies of the Taglighi Jama’at as a Transnational Islamic Movement for Faith Renewal. Muhammad Khalid Masud (ed) (2000) 27. A History of Modern Yemen Paul Dresch -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 23:58:06 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 16:58:06 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Word 2000 Unicode query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Word 2000 Unicode query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: fatme at rice.edu (Fatme Hassan) Subject: Word 2000 Unicode query Hello everyone Has anyone used Windows 2000 for Arabic with Microsoft Office? (Unicode). If you have, do you have any idea where the Arabic numbers are on the keyboard? Thanks fatme' -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 29 16:23:58 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2001 09:23:58 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 29 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses 2) Subject: Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses 3) Subject: Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses 4) Subject: Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: Paul Nelson Subject: Word 2000 Numbers Responses In Word you need to go to Tools - Options - Complex Scripts and set your Numerals as you wish...Context, Arabic, Hindi, System. Then you type using the normal number keys or the number pad. Paul Nelson -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: Christopher Bennett Subject: Word 2000 Numbers Responses In Word 2000 the numerals are set on the Tools/Options/Right-to-Left dialog. You have four options: Arabic, Hindi, Context, and System. You use the same keys for both languages. If you set it to context it will use the Hindi numerals when the paragraph direction is right-to-left and the Arabic when it is left-to-right. If set to system, it will use the default that you have set for your operating system. Chris -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: William Kopycki Subject: Word 2000 Numbers Responses Fatme, I am assuming you want to change the numerals from Arabic to Hindi (e.g. numbers as they would normally appear in Arabic script). To do so from an application like Microsoft Word 2000, you need to do the following: 1. From the top menu bar select Tools and trace to Options. 2. In the pop-up window that appears, click on the Right-to-Left tab. 3. Where it say Numeral, you will notice a drop-down menu. Slect either Hindi or preferably, Context. 4. Hit OK to close the window and return to your document. You should be You should now happily be able to type numerals in the Arabic script in Microsoft Word. What I _don't_ know offhand is whether the same option exists in Excel, or more importantly, PowerPoint.... Sincerely, William Kopycki. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: William Kopycki Subject: Word 2000 Numbers Responses To follow up on my initial response, it seems that to view Hindi numerals in Powerpoint 2000 while using Windows 2000, you will need to go to the Windows control panel (from the Start button in the lower left-hand side of your screeet>Settings>Control Panel) and click on Regional Options. From there, click on the Numbers tab, and click on the Standard Digits drop-down menu. You should see Hindi numerals; select that and click OK. You can now go back to PowerPoint and type Hindi numbers while in Arabic mode. It is worth mentioning that the same rules apply when using Farsi with Office 2000. William Kopycki. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 29 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 29 16:25:12 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2001 09:25:12 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:ACL European Meetings Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 29 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: ACL European Meetings -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: Philippe Blache Subject: ACL European Meetings The European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (http://www.eacl.org/) invites proposals to host the 11th Meeting of the EACL (EACL'03). The EACL conferences are usually held during the spring. Proposal coming from any European country, but also from Middle-East and North-Africa are eligible. The conference format will consist of a main conference and up to 10 workshops and tutorials organized just before or after the conference. The proposal submission process is in two stages. First, draft proposals are sought from prospective proposers. Based on the evaluation of the draft proposals, selected proposers will be invited to submit full proposals. Draft proposals are due on 15 June 2001, and will be evaluated at the EACL Board Meeting on 7 July 2001. Selected proposers will be informed before end July 2001. Full proposals are due on 15 August 2001. Draft proposals should include: - Location (accessibility, conference venue, hotels, student dorms) - Local CL Community - Proposed Date - Meeting space (space for plenary sessions, tutorials, workshops, posters, exhibits, demos and small meetings) - A/V equipment - Food/Entertainment/Banquet/Receptions - Local Arrangements (chairs, committee, volunteer labour, registration handling) - Sponsorships - Budget estimates Proposals will be evaluated in relation to a number of site selection criteria (unordered): - Experience of Local Arrangement team. - Local CL community support. - Local government and industry support. - Accessibility and attractiveness of proposed site. - Appropriateness of proposed dates. - Adequacy of conference and exhibit facilities for the anticipated number of registrants - Adequacy of residence accommodations and food services in a range of price categories and close to the conference facilities. - Adequacy of budget projections and expected surplus. - Balance with regard to the geographical distribution of previous conferences. Draft proposals should be sent electronically to the EACL President: Prof. Donia Scott : donia.scott at itri.brighton.ac.uk Submission Dates: Draft proposals are due on 15 June 2001; Full proposals are due on 15 August 2001. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 29 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 29 16:26:19 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2001 09:26:19 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Barratry response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 29 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Barratry response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: dwilmsen Subject: Barratry response Hello, Where is that citation from? Its wording is almost exactly that of the entry in Faruqi's Law Dictionary. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 29 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 1 23:27:09 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 1 Mar 2001 16:27:09 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Arabic Language Processing Workshop Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 01 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Arabic Language Processing Workshop -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: Steven Krauwer Subject: Arabic Language Processing Workshop [reposted from Corpora] ACL/EACL 2001 Workshop ARABIC Language Processing: Status and Prospects Toulouse, France, Friday 6 July 2001 Co-organized by: ELSNET NAPLUS WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES AND DESCRIPTION: The objective of the workshop is threefold. * First of all we want to bring together people who are actively involved in Arabic language and/or speech processing in a mono- or multilingual context, and give them an opportunity to report on completed and ongoing work as well as on the availability of products and core technologies. This should enable the participants to develop a common view on where we stand with respect to Arabic language processing. * Secondly, we want to identify problems of common interest, and possible mechanisms to move towards solutions, such as sharing of tools and resources, moving towards standards, sharing and dissemination of information and expertise, adoption of current best practices, setting up joint projects and technology transfer mechanisms, etc. * Third, we would like to enhance collaboration between the Arabic NLP community and the NLP community at large. The workshop program will include the following components: * Introduction * Overview talks * Scientific papers * Short presentations of projects, core technologies and products * A panel session and/or a round table discussion * Conclusions SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SCIENTIFIC PAPERS: Papers are solicited that address all aspects of Arabic language processing in a mono- or multilingual context, including tools, resources and standards. Papers will have to be original and report on completed research. Submissions of scientific papers should not exceed eight (8) pages. Please provide a list of keywords in the separate header page. Further submission details below. SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SHORT PRESENTATIONS OF PROJECTS, CORE TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS: Short presentations serve to give the audience an impression of ongoing activities and projects, and of existing core technologies and products, with a view to possible collaboration and synergies (i.e. NO commercial product presentations). Submissions of short presentations should not exceed two (2) pages. Short presentations will be reviewed on the basis of relevance and clarity of presentation. REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL SUBMISSIONS: Electronic submissions only (PostScript, Word, or PDF), following the appropriate ACL latex style or Microsoft Word style. Submissions should not exceed the length indicated above, including references. You can download the appropriate style or template files using the following link: http://acl2001.dfki.de/style/. Submission and presentation language is English. In case of problems with the submission format, please contact steven.krauwer at elsnet.org. Submissions should be sent to steven.krauwer at elsnet.org. All submissions will be acknowledged. DEADLINES FOR ALL SUBMISSIONS: * Submission deadline: 6th April 2001 * Notification date: 27th April 2001 * Camera-ready papers due: 16th May 2001 * Workshop date: 6th July 2001 CONFIRMED CORE PROGRAMME/ORGANISATION COMMITTEE: * Mustafa Yaseen, Amman University, Jordan (Co-chair, myaseen at cbj.gov.jo) * Joseph Dichy, Universite Lumiere-Lyon 2, France (Co-chair, dichy at univ-lyon2.fr) * Steven Krauwer, Utrecht University / ELSNET, The Netherlands (Contact person, steven.krauwer at elsnet.org) * Adnane Zribi, University of Tunis, Tunisia (adn at gnet.tn) * Salem Ghazali, IRSIT, Tunisia (ghazali at irsit.rnrt.tn) * Humoud Al-Sadoun, Ministry of Education, Kuwait (hbh at moe.edu.kw) * Jean Senellart, SYSTRAN, France (senellart at systran.fr) * Nadia Hegazy, ERI, Egypt (nhegazy at idsc.gov.eg) * Khalid Choukri, ELRA/ELDA, France (choukri at elda.fr) * Malek Boualem, FTRD/DMI/LAN, France (malek.boualem at rd.francetelecom.fr) * Everhard Ditters, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands, (e.ditters at let.kun.nl) WORKSHOP URL: http://www.elsnet.org/acl2001-arabic.html CONTACT INFO: Steven Krauwer email: steven.krauwer at elsnet.org ELSNET / UiL OTS www: http://www.elsnet.org Trans 10 phone: +31 30 253 6050 3512 JK Utrecht, NL fax: +31 30 253 6000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 01 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 1 23:25:50 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 1 Mar 2001 16:25:50 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Hedayat Center address query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 01 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Hedayat Center address query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: Magda Al-Nowaihi Subject: Hedayat Center address query dear Colleagues I am trying to get contact information for one of my students for the Hedayat Center of Arabic in Egypt, headed by Nagwa Hedayat, I believe. Any information will be much appreciated. Thanks. Magda Al-Nowaihi -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 01 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 1 23:28:17 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 1 Mar 2001 16:28:17 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Princeton Job Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 01 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Princeton Job -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: Kathleen O'Neill Subject: Princeton Job [reposted from Arabic-Info] Princeton University, Department of Near Eastern Studies invites applications for a one-year lectureship in modern Arabic language for the academic year 2001-2002. Experience and fluency in Arabic essential. The lecturer should be prepared to teach the first three levels, with the help of an assistant. Maximum number of class hours 12/wk. Send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and the names of at least two referees to: Arabic Search Committee, Department of Near Eastern Studies, 110 Jones Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1008. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 01 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 1 23:31:36 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 1 Mar 2001 16:31:36 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Ongoing Discussions Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 01 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Stop Words 1) Subject: gender 1) Subject: gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Stop Words (1) I wonder if morphemes such as / HaDrat- / in forms such as / HaDratu-ka/ki/kum / should be considered "stop-morphemes." (2) In the expresssions /wajhu l-la:hi / [Q55.27] and / maqa:ma rabbi-hi / [Q55.46], the first word in each is considered [at least in these particular occurrences] to be a stop-word / muqHam / by [the big-time anti-anthropomorphist] al-Zamakhshari. Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: gender >1)Makes perfect sense to me: ?elephants have HUMONGOUS ears. >2)Also: ?in the ?9a:rabiyyah, ?the plural of 'udh(u)n ?is >?'a:dha:nun["ears"]. ?Your dialect is something else. ?{dual for >plural} In the same way that dual (masculine and feminine) and plural feminine are usually simplified by being collapsed with plural masculine--across verbal and nominal inflectional paradigms. Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 01 Mar 2001 From: mughazy Subject: gender I would like to thank all those who posted comments on the issue of gender in Arabic. I would also like to note that maybe many body parts that are in pairs have feminine nouns, and many that are single are referred to with masculine nouns. However, that observation does not account for everything. For example, (me3dah) ?stomach?, which is singular yet feminine, and there is (monkhaar) ?nostril?, which is a member of a pair yet masculine. I think that any attempt to account for gender in Arabic is simply too ambitious. The way I understand gender in Arabic is that there are three distinct types of gender marking: semantic gender, syntactic gender, and pragmatic gender. Gender marking of natural kind terms distinguishes THINGS (not words) as either females or males. What lays eggs or gives birth is a female and their counterparts are males. This is semantic gender (e.g., dajaaja ?chicken F? and ?deek? rooster M?). Otherwise things do not have gender, i.e., ?Sakhrah? (rock) does not have gender semantically. Is a non-natural kind entity such as a VCR (vedyo) masculine, but an injection (Ho?na) is feminine? Of course not, they do not even have gender to be signaled, it is the WORD that has gender marking rather than the denotation. Words such as ?table? and ?chair? have no motivation to be distinguished as masculine or feminine. However, it is necessary to assign some gender to them so as to inflect verbs. How can you inflect a verb if you do not know the gender of the subject? Here gender is not assigned according to any cognitive or semantic principle. It is ad hoc. Pragmatic gender is what discussed earlier on the list as ?cross addressing?, where a feminine word would be used to refer to a man or a boy, while a masculine form would be used to address a woman or a girl. It is restricted to contexts where the speaker is expressing intimacy or endearment. Semantic gender is the Syntactic gender is , which the old Arab linguists referred to as ?al-mo?annath al-majazee? as is needed -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 01 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:21:48 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:21:48 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:New article and book Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: New article 2) Subject: New book 2) Subject: New article -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: moderator Subject: New article Mughazy, Mustafa A. (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Pragmatics of the Evil Eye in Egyptian Arabic Studies in the Linguistic Sciences Volume 30, Number 2 Fall 2000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: reposted from LINGUIST Subject: New book Grounding in English and Arabic News Discourse. Esam N. KHALIL (University of Nijmegen) Pragmatics & Beyond NS 82 US & Canada: 1 55619 982 1 / USD 90.00 (Hardcover) Rest of world:90 272 5101 0 / NLG 180.00 (Hardcover) Grounding in English and Arabic News Discourse explores the discourse notion of grounding (viz. the foreground-background structure), and examines it in the various structures that occur in short news texts. A text-level approach to grounding and the differentiation between several core concepts relating to the various textual and non-textual structures, distinguish the book from other approaches in the field. A corpus-based analysis focuses on sentence-initial expressions and examines the grounding-signalling function of several markers in both English and Arabic. The analysis captures constraints on the occurrence of particular markers, and the extensive illustrative examples explain the strategies that writers employ to cope with problems of recasting grounding-values in news texts. The author also shows how the failure to signal appropriate grounding-values is likewise associated with the failure to deliver the appropriate type of text. Grounding is a relatively unexplored area of investigation in Arabic (text)lingusitics, and the study identifies a series of previously unrecognized language features, highlighting the discourse pragmatic function that syntax serves. The book will be invaluable to researchers and students of discourse, pragmatics, contrastive rhetoric, and communication. It will also be of interest to all those involved in translation and intercultural studies. John Benjamins Publishing Co. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: reposted from LINGUIST Subject: New article Computers and the Humanities The Official Journal of The Association for Computers and the Humanities ISSN 0010-4817 http://www.wkap.nl/issuetoc.htm/0010-4817+35+2+2001 Vol. 35, Issue 2, May 2001. TITLE: Sentential Count Rules for Arabic Language AUTHOR(S): Fawaz S. Al-Anzi KEYWORD(S): Arabic, classic Arabic, modern Arabic, automated translation, counting, grammar, numbers, parsing, sentential numbers. PAGE(S): 153-166 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:23:08 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:23:08 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Egyptian Film query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Egyptian Film query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: Abbas Benmamoun Subject: Egyptian Film query Dear Friends and Colleagues, Could anyone suggest a film or two that introduce(s) Egypt (life, history and culture etc). Suggestions for books are also welcome. Thanks Abbas Benmamoun -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:24:16 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:24:16 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN: Create PDF Files From QuarkXPress with ArabicXT Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Create PDF Files From QuarkXPress with ArabicXT -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: GnhBos at aol.com Subject: Create PDF Files From QuarkXPress with ArabicXT I thought the List may benefit from the following: > I want to create PDF files from the QXP/ArabicXT files that have both > English and Arabic. I have Acrobat 4.0. The problem I'm having is that > it doesn't find the fonts so the Arabic isn't Arabic. Regarding the problem that you are facing with the PDF files, please note that I tried to create a PDF file using the QuarkXPress/ArabicXT and the Adobe distiller 4.0 for Macintosh and for Windows, and in both cases, I didn't face any problem. 1) In order to successfully convert QuarkXPress with ArabicXT pages into Acrobat PDF files, using the QuarkXPress/ArabicXT and the Acrobat Distiller 4.0 Windows version, you have to do the following steps: a) First thing to do is: in your system you should create a printer which prints to a file name, following is the procedure that you must follow in order to create this printer: - On your PC, click on Settings in Start and select Printers, a dialog box will appear, choose the Add Printer item and double click on it. - A dialog box appear saying that this wizard will help you to install your printer, click Next. - Then a dialog box appear asking you to choose how the printer will be attached to your computer, directly or by Network, choose the way then click Next. - A dialog box appear, from Manufactures and Model choose the manufactures and model of the printer that you want to add to your system, then click Next. - A dialog box appear asking you to click the port you want to use with this printer, choose the port "File: Print to a file name" then click OK. Now in the Printers folder you have a new printer that will print to a postscript file. Each time you want to print to a postscript file you choose this printer. b) Launch QuarkXPress, and open your document. c) From the File menu, select Print and choose the printer that you create in step (a), then select Print and save the PS file. d) Run Adobe Distiller 4.0, and drag and drop the PS file into the Distiller window. Distiller will generate a PDF file. 2) In order to successfully convert QuarkXPress with ArabicXT pages into Acrobat PDF files, using the QuarkXPress and the ArabicXT Macintosh version, you have to do the following steps: a) From your Apple Menu -> Chooser, select a Postscript printer driver, such as the LaserWriter 8. b) Launch QuarkXPress, and open your document. c) From the File menu, select Print. d) Click on the Destination button and choose File. e) From the General Popup menu, select "Save As File" and make sure the Inclusion Font setting is set to: " All". f)Select Save and give the Postscript job a file name. This will result in a Postscript file that has the extension.PS Run Adobe Distiller 4.0 (please make sure to use the Acrobat Distiller version 4.0), then drag and drop the PS file into the Distiller window. If all goes well, Distiller will generate a PDF file. 3) If the above doesn't help you to solve your problem, please try to send me more information about the platform (Windows or Macintosh) and the QuarkXPress/ArabicXT version that you are using. If you can also send me a copy of the QuarkXPress document that you are facing a problem with it so I can test it. For Arabic Desktop Publishing solutions, please visit: http://www.arabicsoftware.net http://www.aramedia.com Best Regards, George N. Hallak AramediA Group 761 Adams Street Boston, MA 02122, USA http://www.aramedia.com mailto:info at aramedia.com T 617-825-3044 F 617-265-9648 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:31:33 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:31:33 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Ongoing Discussions Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: fem words 2) Subject: fem words -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: fem words >Date: 01 Mar 2001 >From: mughazy >Subject: gender >I would like to thank all those who posted comments on the issue of gender in >Arabic. I would also like to note that maybe many body parts that are in pairs >have feminine nouns, and many that are single are referred to with masculine >nouns. However, that observation does not account for everything. For example, >(me3dah) 'stomach', which is singular yet feminine, and there is (monkhaar) >'nostril', which is a member of a pair yet masculine. I know there is an exception or two but you still have not been able to come up with any of those. ?Recall, the early thread of the discussion was how to account for nouns that do not end with the feminine suffix but are nevertheless treated as feminine. ?With respect to body parts, ma9id-ah "stomach" is fine (to be treated as feminine). ?It is singular yet it ends with the feminine suffix {-ah}. ?Hence, also the example I gave in an earlier posting: surr-ah "navel." ?Note also the word baTn "abdomen" is masculine and singular and therefore fits nicely with the same pattern. Now munkhaar/minkhaar "nostril" is not a fuSHaa word. ?In my (Damascene) dialect, only the plural manakhiir is used for "nostrils" while minkhaar (singular) is used interchangeably with ?anf for "nose." ?The closest related form in FuSHaa that relates to nose/nostrils is a verb: tamakhkhara r-riiH "inhaled the wind" or "turned away from the "wind." ?Needeless to say, you are confusing (1) between fuSHaa and colloquial and (2) between the uses of minkhaar vs manaakhiir (at least in my dialect). ? >I think that any attempt to account for gender in Arabic is simply >too ambitious. First, if you recall very well the earliest thread of the discussion, certain words ka?s,?arD, samaa?, Haamil, Haa?iD, naahid, etc.) were mentioned. ?I suggested that they can be collapsed together under one class of nouns that can be referred a la Whorfian terminology as "crypto-feminine." ?This is not to say that you cannot find some of them to be easily explainable, e.g., Haamil, Haa?iD, and naahid). ?Second, Arab grammarians went into great length disussing gender throughout their treatises and there is even a great number of books that carry the title: "The Masculine and Feminine." ?When you read such works, you will understand a great deal not only about gender in Arabic, but also about the Arabic language in general. >The way I understand gender in Arabic is that there are three distinct types >of gender marking: semantic gender, syntactic gender, and pragmatic gender. Bravo! You excluded, among other things, what Chomsky was not able to exclude after so many years--morphology. ?To reach a good understanding of the Arabic language and certain other languages, one needs to understand the nature of derivation on the lexeme(word) level. Due to the principle of economy, noun stems in Arabic have (zero) masculine marking (by default). ?Other languages may have different default forms. ?To mark nouns for the gender feminine (singular), for example, the feminine suffix is affixed to the stem. (There are however certain nouns as mentioned before (samaa? "sky," ?arD "earth," ka?s "glass") that are feminine by default.) ?However, with respect to the Arabic language, gender derivation does not proceed in this fashion only. ?For example, consider the treatment of names of countries, which you may think that their gender distinction is arbitrary; (i.e., some of them treated as masculine and some of them as feminine.) ?Well, not so. ?The pattern/rule is that names of countries are treated as feminine, except when they are derived from (1) ...... and (2) end with .......... . I leave it for you to check for yourself. ? >Gender marking of natural kind terms distinguishes THINGS (not words) as >either females or males. What lays eggs or gives birth is a female and their >counterparts are males. This is semantic gender (e.g., dajaaja 'chicken F' and >'deek' rooster M'). Otherwise things do not have gender, i.e., >"Sakhrah" (rock) does not >have gender semantically. ?Is a >non-natural kind entity such as a VCR (vedyo) masculine, >but an >injection (Ho?na) is feminine? ?Of course not, they do not even have >gender to be >signaled, it is the WORD that has gender marking >rather than the denotation. Neither Mike Schub nor I have been confusing between form and referent as your comment seems to suggest. ?The discussion has been on a less technical (linguistic) level. >Words such as 'table' and 'chair' have no motivation to be >distinguished as masculine or >feminine. ?However, it is necessary >to assign some gender to them so as to inflect >verbs. ?How can you >inflect a verb if you do not know the gender of the subject? >?Here >gender is not assigned according to any cognitive or semantic >principle. ?It is ad hoc. No argument can be more cyclic than this. ?First, note the apt term "crypto-feminine" as coined by Whorf. ?This is not to say that initially the distiction had an intuitive rationale/motivation which got blurred later due to diachronic change or other factors, which I am not going into here. ?Secondly, what you are saying is that the lexical annotation derives from the syntactic derivation which is derived from the lexical annotations. ?Feature checking (within minimalist framework) carried out whether before Spell out or after Spell out (at LF) depends on both form (rich vs impoverished morphology)and the (arbitrary or non-arbitrary) annotations of the lexical form. >Semantic gender is the Syntactic gender is, which the old Arab >linguists referred to as >'al-mo?annath al-majazaa' as is needed. In addition to cyclicity and factual misrepresentation of what Arab grammarians argued for with respect to gender and derivation, you would have nothing to explain (based on your comments and conclusions)the distinction of 9aalim and 9allaam-ah "scholar" discussed in an earlier discussion, where the feminine suffix has nothing to do with endearment, nor gender (natural vs unnatural), nor syntax. ? The trap that anyone may fall into, including myself, is when we come up with conclusions about fuSHaa based on our intuitive knowledge of a colloquial each of which has its own pattern/rule-govern system though there are many points of convergence betwen the two. ? Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: fem words I stand corrected. A little after I sent my posting, I found a direct reference to minkhar (not monkhaar)"nostril" minkharaan "two nostrils" in fuSHaa in _sharH al-taSriih 9alaa al-tawDiiH_. Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 16:28:32 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 09:28:32 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Hedayat Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Hedayat -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: Mutarjm at aol.com Subject: Hedayat Ahalan wa sahalan bikum... This might be the place of your interest (found via a web search): Hedayat Institute for Arabic Studies Small classes designed to meet interest and needs of students. Mailing address: 72, Road #10 Maadi, Cairo, Egypt Phone 20-2-350-3915/20-2-350-9364 E-mail: nesto at acs.auc.eun.eg You might contact Ms. Deborah Stan, who went to the program for more details and personal insight/ E-mail: < DebAStarr at aol.com >. HTH. Khair, in sha' Alah. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: "Asma.Afsaruddin.1" Subject: Hedayat Dr. Nagwa Hedayet can be contacted at nhedayet at yahoo.com I have been happy to recommend the Hedayet center in the past to my own students and continue to do so. Asma Afsaruddin Assistant Professor Arabic and Islamic Studies University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: Nagwa Hedayat Subject: Hedayat Dear Colleague, Hedayet Institute for Arabic Studies is a language inst. in Cairo teaching Arabic for foreigners concentrating on MSA and one course in Egyptian Collouquial Arabic to enhance immersion in the Arabic culture in Egypt during the stay in Cairo.HIAS offers two semesters of intensive Arabic one in the fall and another in the spring every year. There is also an intensive summer course for 8 weeks. This next summer it will start the first week of July. The students sit for a placement exam before they are placed in their classes. A student may choose one elective course in addition to the language courses if his/her level in the language allows it. Some of these courses are: Arabic Literature, Islamic History, Arabic Callgraphy, Islamic Philosophy ,or Oriental music( 'Ud in particular). The Address is: 72, Road no. 10, Maadi , Caro , Egypt Tel: 3583915/3589364 Email nhedayet at yahoo.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Tue Mar 6 18:46:54 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Tue, 6 Mar 2001 11:46:54 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:ALS 2002 Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Tue 06 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: ALS 2002 -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Mar 2001 From: Dil Parkinson Subject: ALS 2002 I would personally like to congratulate the University of Utah and Samira Farwaneh on a very successful ALS symposium last weekend. In that regard, I thought subscribers might like to know that it was announced at the end of the symposium that next years symposium is tentatively planned for Cambridge, England, on March 1-2, 2002. We hope you will all look forward to presenting at this symposium, and particularly would like to see many submissions from Europe and the Middle East, since the venue is closer to you this time. Dil Parkinson -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 06 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:24:07 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:24:07 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Ongoing Discussions/gender Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: mughazy Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender >I know there is an exception or two but you still have not been able to come up with any of >those. With respect to body parts, ma9id-ah "stomach" is fine (to be treated as feminine). It is >singular yet it ends with the feminine suffix {-ah}. Hence, also the example I gave in an earlier >posting: surr-ah "navel." Note also the word baTn "abdomen" is masculine and singular and >therefore fits nicely with the same pattern. First of all, I am glad that you acknowledged the couple of examples that can be viewed as exceptions to that ?rule?, namely (monkhaar) ?nostril? and (ma3ida) ?stomach?). However, there is a few such exceptions, and here are just some. Singular body parts that have feminine gender marking: (raqabah) = ?neck?, (Hanjarah) = ?larynx?, (sewwah) = ?belly?, (jabhah) = ?forehead?, and (luhaah) = ?uvula?. There are others as well. Paired body parts that are masculine: (fakhdh) = thigh, (redf) = buttock, (koo3) = ?elbow?, (saa3ed) = upper arm, (khad) = ?cheek?, (nahd) = ?breast?, (mebyaD) = ovary, (ka3b) = ?heel?, (jifn) = ?eyelid?, and (Haleb) = urinary track, among others. >First, if you recall very well the earliest thread of the discussion, certain words ka?s,?arD, >samaa?, Haamil, Haa?iD, naahid, etc.) were mentioned. I suggested that they can be collapsed >together under one class of nouns that can be referred a la Whorfian terminology as "crypto- >feminine." This is not to say that you cannot find some of them to be easily explainable, e.g., >Haamil, Haa?iD, and naahid). Now, I really do not understand why Haamil, Haa?iD, naashiz, 3aaqir and naahid and masculine, and I would appreciate it if you explained that to me. What I think is that these adjectives (not nouns) are assigned masculine gender for some reason, and that is (the way I see it) is because they trigger very specific presuppositions (female-specific adjectives). That is why if you said ?rajul 3aqir?, the sentence is anomalous because the existential presupposition and that of the predicate are contradictory. That means the gender here is semantic/pragmatic because it deals with presuppositions, implicatures, and truth values. The same applies for 3allamah, etc., the use of which (rather than the form) presupposes uniqueness. That is why they do not have dual or plural forms. What I do not see a motivation for is collapsing the two categories. They are clearly different because naashiz, and naahid describe human females, and ka?s and ?arD do not. The first class has specific truth functional presuppositions; the other does not >The way I understand gender in Arabic is that there are three distinct types >of gender marking: semantic gender, syntactic gender, and pragmatic gender. >>?Bravo! You excluded, among other things, what Chomsky was not able to exclude after so >>many years--morphology.? Thanks for the comment, but apparently we are talking about two different things. I am talking about the motivation for assigning gender. I have described semantic, syntactic and pragmatic motivations, and I do not know of any morphological or phonological ones. I would be happy if you could open my eyes to these. >To reach a good understanding of the Arabic language and certain other languages, one needs >to understand the nature of derivation on the lexeme(word) level. Due to the principle of >economy, noun stems in Arabic have (zero) masculine marking (by default). Other languages >may have different default forms. To mark nouns for the gender feminine (singular), for >example, the feminine suffix is affixed to the stem. (There are however certain nouns as >mentioned before (samaa? "sky," ?arD "earth," ka?s "glass") that are feminine by default.) >However, with respect to the Arabic language, gender derivation does not proceed in this >fashion only. I still have not seen your account of why there should be a default gender assignment at all. Also, I do not know why samaa? is feminine but wafaa?, galaa?, and walaa? are masculine. Finally, I do not know why lubnaan is masculine whereas 3umaan is feminine. Mustafa A. Mughazy Graduate student Depatment of Linguistics University of Illinois Urbana Champaign -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:22:44 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:22:44 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Mazen query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Mazen query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: GENEVA MARIE AWAD Subject: Mazen query I would like to know what the Arabic name Mazen (or Mazzen) means. What is the consonantal root? I would appreciate hearing from anyone on this. Please write to me personally, not to the whole list. Thanks in advance for your assistance. --Geneva Awad -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:19:23 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:19:23 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Egyptian Film/Book response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Egyptian Film/Book response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Egyptian Film/Book response Dear Abbas, Books: (1) [new] Abdo, G. *There is no God but God*-- Egypt is now the reverse of Iran: a grass-roots religious revolution is going on peacefully, people becoming more piously Islamic by the day. (2) [an irreplaceble CLASSIC:] Lane, Edward. *Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians* [about 1860?!?!] (3) El-Shamy, Hasan. *Folktales of Egypt* Chicago 1980. I hope this is of some use. Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:20:26 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:20:26 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:'head' & 'dependant' in Arabic query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: 'head' & 'dependant' in Arabic query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: Helle Lykke Nielsen Subject: 'head' & 'dependant' in Arabic query Hello Does anybody out there know how one should translate the general linguistic terms of "Head" and "dependant" into Arabic? We are actually developing an interactive grammar tool for students of Arabic as a second/foreign language - a tool which will be available for free on the internet, once it will be ready - using as many Arabic grammar terms as we possible can without our students getting too fed up. But unfortunately we have not been able to come up with a suitable translation of Head and Dependant. Can anybody help? Helle Lykke Nielsen -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:22:04 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:22:04 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Hedayat Center info response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Hedayat Center info response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: Aida Bamia Subject: Hedayat Center info response Dear Magda, Salamat! Here is the information you need: 72 Road no. 10, Maadi Tel. (202) 358 3915/358 9364 Fax: (202) 358 7172 e.mail: nhedayet at yahoo.com Kull sana we inti tayyeba. Aida Bamia -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 12 23:21:22 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 12 Mar 2001 16:21:22 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:WinArabic for Mac Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 12 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: WinArabic for Mac -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 12 Mar 2001 From: John Makhoul Subject: WinArabic for Mac WinArabic 1.5 from Mughamrat (www.mughamrat.com) allows one to view Arabic web pages in Netscape on the Mac (including PC formats). (It also allows for email in Arabic, but I did not try those other features.) For $39, this was really worth it for me. BUT BEWARE... Installing WinArabic destroyed my ability to display Arabic characters in Microsoft Word! I wrote to Mughamrat and told them about the problem; they did not respond (not nice). After much experimentation by one of our sys admins, he found that the System file had been corrupted. Reinstalling OS 9 fixed the problem. The same thing happened on my G4, G3, and Powerbook G3. So, by installing the Arabic system from OS 9, you get the ability to use Arabic in Word (but the system remains fundamentally left to right) and to view Arabic web sites that use Mac Arabic encoding. By installing WinArabic, you get the additional ability in Netscape to view Arabic web sites that use PC Arabic encoding (CP1256). But be sure to reinstall OS 9 after you install WinArabic. Otherwise, you would not be able to view Arabic in Word. Another glitch is that installing WinArabic results in some Arabic characters appearing in menus and other places, but I have learned to ignore those. John Makhoul P.S. Thanks to Jamal Qureshi who suggested that I take a look at the Mughamrat web site. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 12 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:27:05 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:27:05 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Ongoing Discussions/gender Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender 2) Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender Maybe Haamil, Haa'iD etc. on the one hand, and 9allaamatun, raawiyatun, etc. on the other hand are examples of "polarity" like / thalaathatu rijaalin / through / 9asharatu rijaalin / on the one hand, and / thalaathu niswatin / [a 'jam9 qillah !!] through / 9asharu niswatin / on the other, i.e. "masculine" numerals with feminine nouns and versa vice. Best wishes. Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: Ongoing Discussions/gender >However, there is a few such exceptions, and here are >just some. Singular body parts that have feminine gender marking: >(raqabah) = 'neck', >(Hanjarah) = 'larynx', (sewwah) = 'belly', (jabhah) = 'forehead', >and (luhaah)= 'uvula'. Again, singular body parts that end with a feminine gender marking are fine, because they are treated as feminine any way. ?There is no need to treat them otherwise. ?What is "sewwah" ?? >There are others as well. Paired body parts that are masculine: >(fakhdh) = thigh, (redf) = buttock, (koo3) = 'elbow', >(saa3ed) = >upper arm, (khad) = 'cheek', (nahd) = 'breast', (mebyaD) = ovary, >(ka3b) = 'heel', (jifn) = 'eyelid', and (Haleb) = >urinary track, >among others. Now, while you are providing few exceptions, you are confusing between FuSHaa and colloqiual. ?Recall, the earliest thread of the discussion had to do with FuSHaa. ?Conflating both systems is not possible to account for, following my precautinary remark in the previous posting. Here are my comments to the ones that are not masculine as you claim: 1- (fakhidh) = "thigh": is treated as feminine in FuSHaa not masculine 2- (ridf)= "buttock": synonimous with 9ajuz/kafal (lower part of body below the back) seems to be a neoligism in the gloss you provided 3- (nahd)="breast": no such meaning in FuSHaa. The word for "breast" in FuSHaa is "thadii": treated both as feminine and masculine (hence not problematic to the identified pattern) 4- (ka9b)="heel": again no such meaning in FuSHaa. ?The word for "heel" is "9aqib" and is treated as feminine. ?However, "ka9b" for "ankle" is considered part of four not two (pl. ?ak9ub/ku9uub/ki9aab), hence being masculine is not problematic 5- (jafn)="eylid": is considered part of four (pl. ?ajfun/?ajfaan/jufuun (upper and lower eyelid) not one of two, hence again not problematic to pattern 6- (mebyaD)= ovary: seems to be a neoligism 7-(kuu9)="elbow": kuu9 in FuSHaa means the part of wrest next to the thumb or both sides of the wrest, suggesting four body parts, not two. The word for "elbow" in FuSHaa is "mirfaq" treated as masculine. While I haven't denied existence of expections (and if it makes you happier, you can add Haajib "eyebrow" to the exceptions), the rule/pattern of body parts is too obvious (identified since the early days of Arabic grammatical tradition) to pass unnoticed or be blurred by few exceptions for since when rules have no exceptions. >Now, I really do not understand why Haamil, Haa?iD, naashiz, 3aaqir >and naahid and masculine, and I would appreciate it >if you >explained that to me. What I think is that these adjectives (not >nouns) are assigned masculine gender for some >reason, and that is >(the way I see it) is because they trigger very specific >presuppositions (female-specific adjectives). That >is why if you >said "rajul 3aqir", the sentence is anomalous because the >existential presupposition and that of the predicate >are >contradictory You mean a sentence as in "haadhaa r-rajulu 9aaqir" ? Well, to start with, "rajul 9aaqir" is fine not anomalous although irregular, the regular form being "rajul 9aqiir." ?Second, why invoke pragmatics if the phenomenon can be captured semantically and/or syntactically in a straightforward fashion and without any ambiguity. ?Your comment is not based on full understanding of the forms as they behave in FuSHaa Arabic. ?Of course, there are many ways to speculate on this, one of which is that you could assume that such forms may have started with a feminine suffix and since they became sspecialized in referring to inherently feminine attributes and became so common that the suffix got dropped somehow. ?But you really don't need to speculate this way if you know the full behavior of such forms. These forms do appear with the feminine {-ah} suffix but with an additional meaning. ?In fact, the appearance of the feminine suffix with such forms is assumed to be obligatory (by Al-Khalil Ibn Ahmad as cited by Sibaawayhi) in eventive/temporal contexts, expressed paraphrastically (given that in the first place they are assumed to be feminine attributes exclusively): e.g., hiya Haa?iD-ah ghadan. ?"She is menstruating tomorrow." This makes such forms on a par with other regular adjectives. ?Consider hiya jaa?i9-ah "she is hungry(now)" or kaanat jaa?i9-ah "she was hungry" where hunger is an attribute that is not inherent or constantly present in females only but is a rather temporal state. >That means the gender here is semantic/pragmatic because it deals >with presuppositions, implicatures, and truth values. >The same >applies for 3allamah, etc., the use of which (rather than the form) >presupposes uniqueness. That is why they do >not have dual or plural >forms. Are you making up rules for Arabic or citing some source/s?. ?Here are some plural forms: Haamilaat, ?HaaDatin, 9uqur, nawaahid, kawaa9ib, etc. ? >What I do not see a motivation for is collapsing the two categories. >They are clearly different because naashiz, and naahid >describe >human females, and ka?s and ?arD do not. The first class has >specific truth functional presuppositions; the other >does not I did not say you HAVE to collapse them. ?I mentioned they "can" be collapsed together if that helps one understand this phenomenon. >Thanks for the comment, but apparently we are talking about two >different things. I am talking about the motivation for >assigning >gender. I have described semantic, syntactic and pragmatic >motivations Both issues are related whether you're talking about derivation or the motivation for derivation. ?If you make the (idiosyncratic or not) lexical annotations be motivated simply based on your observation that verbs in Arabic have to be inflected (wherebey syntactic derivation is triggered by lexical annotation itself triggered by syntactic motivation) without any PROPER motivation (for an example of such a motivation consider my last comment below) then this is a clearly cyclic argument. Note additionally, in VSO order, where the subject is non-real feminine, the subject does not need to agree in gender with the verb: e.g., ?"Tala9a sh-shamsu" = "Tala9ati sh-shamsu" "The sun rose." >and I don't know of any morphological or phonological ones. ?I would >be happy if you could open my eyes to these. Certainly, if you don't like the earlier example with respect to names of countries. ?Here are some more examples that are morphologically (and semantically) driven. -Derived forms that have the pattern "fa9uul" and have the meaning of the active participle "faa9il" have the the same form for both masculine and feminine. e.g., rajul shakuur " a thankful man" ?imra?ah shakuur "a thankful woman" -the same with derived form that have the pattern "mif9al" -Derived forms that have the pattern "fa9iil" and have the meanining of "faa9il" then gender distinction is needed e.g., ?rajul kariim "a generous man" ?imra?ah kariim-ah "a generous woman" -Derived forms that have the patterns "fa9iil" and have the meanining of the passive participle "maf9uul" have often the same form for both the masculine and the feminine e.g., rajul jariiH "a wounded man" ?imra?ah jariiH "a wounded woman" (Note here with respect to the last one, to avoid ambiguity the feminine suffix has to surface if the form occurs as a nominal without a govenining head noun: e.g., ra?aytu jariiH-ah " I saw a wounded female.") These forms are so common and productive that they are even included by ?ibn Maalik in his ?alfyyah on Arabic grammar. >>To reach a good understanding of the Arabic language and certain >>other languages, one needs to understand the nature of >>derivation >>on the lexeme(word) level. Due to the principle of economy, noun >>stems in Arabic have (zero) masculine >>marking (by default). Other >>languages may have different default forms. To mark nouns for the >>gender feminine (singular), >>for example, the feminine suffix is >>affixed to the stem. (There are however certain nouns as mentioned >>before (samaa? >>"sky," ?arD "earth," ka?s "glass") that are >>feminine by default.) However, with respect to the Arabic language, >>gender >>derivation does not proceed in this fashion only. >I still have not seen your account of why there should be a default >gender assignment at all. Ok. assume you have a form, say baaliT, and suppose that this is the default stem, you would need, for example, two sets of affixes, one for masculine, say, {-oh} and one for feminine {-ah}. ?The implication of this is that you have some sort of redundancy or a system that may be less effecient for storage, retrieval, and production purposes. ?Now, in Arabic the default stem form is that of the masculine. ?As I mentioned other languages exhibit a similar tendenacy. ?For further implications and/or insights on this phenomenon, I recommend R. Beard's (1995) _Lexeme Morpheme Base Morphology_ and M. Aronoff's (1994) _Morphology by Itself)_. >Also, I do not know why samaa? is feminine but wafaa?, galaa?, and >walaa? are masculine. With respect to wafaa?, galaa?, walaa?, these are ?forms whose endings are not the same as the feminine gender ending -aa? (?alif ?t-ta?niith ?al-mamduudah). ?In other words, these are masculine forms as opposed to forms that have the patterns fa9laa? (nouns and adjectives where the masculine adjective has the pattern of ?af9al), ?af9ilaa?, fa9lalaa?, fi9aalaa?, fu9lulaa?, faa9uulaa?, faa9ilaa?, fi9liyaa? (e.g., kibriyaa?), etc, whose endings are identified as the feminine suffix {-aa?}. (You can consider these additional examples of morphology-driven gender markings.) ?As for samaa?, there is disagreement as to whether it is exclusively treated as feminine or both as masculine and feminine. ?Another opinion suggets that it is the plural form of samaa?ati, hence its treatment as feminine. If you don't accept this last justification, you may simply want to consider the form as irregular. ?If you recall, I suggested for the purpose of the initial discussion that samaa? be collapsed with "crypto-feminine" class of nominals. >Finally, I do not know why lubnaan is masculine whereas 3umaan is feminine. I'm glad you asked. ?While names of countries that end with ?{-aan} marking are treated as masculine, 9umaan is treated as feminine for one simple reason: the noun by which it is governed, salTan-ah, is feminine (salTan-at 9umaan). ?This is similar to the observation that all names of languages in Arabic (since the head noun is lugha-ah "language") as well as cities (since the governing head noun is madiin-ah/bald-ah "city/town") are treated as feminine including those that end with {-aan}; e.g., 9ammaan. ?Now, this, not crypto-feminine nominals, is an example of syntactic gender and you can see the proper motivation for the modifying word to take on a gender marking. Hope this helps clarify certain issues. Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:10:44 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:10:44 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:'head' and 'dependent' responses Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response 2) Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response 3) Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Michael Fishbein Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response I wonder whether the difficulty in translating these terms has to do with the way in which the older Arabic grammarians analyzed sentences. They thought in terms of 'amil (or, 'aamil, if you prefer), which is generally translated as 'regens' (pl. regentia). G. Weil, whose article 'Amil was written for EI-1, but also appears in EI-2, defines an 'amil as: "a word, which, by the syntactical influence which it exercises on a word that follows, causes a grammatical alteration of the last syllable of the latter, i.e. a change of case or mood. Given the structure of Arabic, the 'amil almost always precedes the word it governs, and so can be called "head" of the construction. However, I have been unable to find the term for the word on which the 'amil exercises its influence. Is it al-ma'mul fihi? Logically, one would expect it to be this, but I have no text to cite. Can anyone help? Michael Fishbein -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Kaseh Abu Bakar Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response How about 'ra's' and 'mahmul '? Kaseh -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: alhawar at american.edu Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response If I understand you correctly, you want to avoid using more than one term: e.g., -Sifah & mawSuuf (within Noun-Adjective phrase) -muDaaf & muDaaf ?ilay (within N-N appoistion phrase) How about "musnad & musnad ?ilayh" (used in Arabic grammar to refer to subject-predicate & subject-verb relationship) although your students may encounter obvious predictable problems in the future. Personally, I recommend using original terminlogy as used in Arabic grammar to provide students with smmooth transition if they decide to expand their knowldge of Arabic grammar (or consult additional descriptions of Arabic) by using materials other than yours. Mohammad T. Alhawary -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:11:43 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:11:43 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Stats on Arabic Web Sites Query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Stats on Arabic Web Sites Query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: BOUALEM Malek FTRD/DMI/LAN Subject: Stats on Arabic Web Sites Query Dear Arabic list members, Could someone provide me with any statistics on Arabic Web Sites ? - How much Arabic web sites exist over the world ? - How much in each Arabic country (or in some of them) ? - What are the most used character encodings (CP-1256, ISO-6, etc.) ? - What is the percentage of each character encoding ? - What is the percentage of image-based web sites ? - Are there still many web pages with images ? I've already sent this query to the list but unfortunately I got no more than 3 answers that were only personal opinions. Many thanks to people who answered me before. And thank you in advance to people who may answer again. Of course I will make the answers available for all of you. Malek Boualem France Telecom R&D -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:12:33 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:12:33 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Egyptian Film/Book response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Egyptian Film/Book response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: dwilmsen Subject: Egyptian Film/Book response There is a documentary about Cairo of about half-an-hour in length directed by Youssef Chahine. It is unpopular with the Egyptian Censor's office though, because he dares to depict people living at close quarters and still doing what people do despite their lack of privacy. I think it has been banned. But I have heard that is available outside of Egypt. As I recall it is simply called "Cairo" or perhaps, since it is Chahine, "Le Caire". Towards the end, there is a bit of a forced fictitious plot about a young man trying to break into the film business and meeting with Chahine. In my opinion, that is a blemish on the film as a whole. But Chahine, like Hitchcock, likes to put in an appearance. It does serve, however, as a vehicle to raise the problems faced by Egyptian youth, and the solutions thereto proposed by more conservative and activist Islamists (probably another reason why the Censor took umbrage) - in which case it is also somewhat dated. I have always thought that the film "el-Hafid", which I have only recently mentioned here in another context, is a good film for exhibiting Egyptian culture. But showing to students would assume a fair degree of proficiency in Arabic on their parts. Dr. David Wilmsen -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:15:03 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:15:03 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:mora query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: mora query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: "Abu-Abbas, Khaled Hasan" Subject: mora query Hello all, I wonder if there is a minimal mora restriction on Arabic Nouns,Verbs,or both.And if initial consonant clusters are permitted in Arabic as in 'staqbala' (he received), is this cluster Moraic or not,Is the first Moraic alone? Any info. or useful references to this subject are highly appreciated. Thank you all Khaled Abu-Abbas University of Kansas kabbas at mail.ukans.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:15:46 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:15:46 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:U. of Southern Denmark Job Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: U. of Southern Denmark Job -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Helle Lykke Nielsen Subject: U. of Southern Denmark Job Employment opportunity University of Southern Denmark, Center for Contemporary Middle East Studies Visiting assistant professor of Arabic University of Southern Denmark, Odense is looking for a visiting assistant professor of Arabic for its proficiency based teaching in basic and intermediate Modern Standard Arabic as well as for courses in Media Arabic. The position involves between 11 and 12 hours of teaching a week to students on the combined Masters program of Arabic and business management as well as to students at the Open University Program. The successful candidate will also be expected to assist in developing language curricula for Arab immigrants and Arab heritage learners living in Denmark. Employment is to start in August 2001 and will be limited to a one-year period with a possible extension of maximum five years. Salary will be DKK 22.859,75 per month (October 2000 level ) approximately equal to US $ 2.798 per month. Qualifications for the position include native or near-native fluency in Arabic and English or Danish as 2nd language. The applicant should hold an academic degree; have a theoretical background in language education (e.g. MA I TAFL or similar) and teaching experience. A more detailed job description as well as further information about living in Denmark is available from Dr. Helle Lykke Nielsen, Center for Contemporary Middle East Studies, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark. E-mail hln at language.sdu.dk. Fax. +45 65 93 11 58. Deadline for application is May 1, 2001 at 12.00 hrs. Materials including a letter of application (marked "position no. 016013") curriculum vitae and a list of three references should be sent to: Faculty of the Humanities, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark. Helle Lykke Nielsen Mellem?ststudier -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:16:36 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:16:36 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:PEDA:Week in ME query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Week in ME query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Jan Hoogland Subject: Week in ME query Dear colleagues, Does anyone have a spare-copy of the book: A week in the Middle-East, An Arabic Language Reader by F.A. Pragnell. Or do you happen to know where to get hold of a copy? The copy in our library is missing. Thanks, Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:17:23 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:17:23 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:weaving vocabulary query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: weaving vocabulary query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: "David J. Wrisley" Subject: weaving vocabulary query I am at work on a study of Eastern?weaving (cloth and especially luxury tapestries) as they show up in medieval Western European sources (middle French, Dutch, Franco-Venetian). What I am looking for is a glossary?in Arabic (or Persian)?for weaving or tapestry terminology. Any suggestions for that? Does anyone know a standard work on medieval tapestry making? Many thanks, David Wrisley -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:18:16 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:18:16 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LIGN:Comparative Linguistics query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Comparative Linguistics query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Waleed Al-Amri Subject: Comparative Linguistics query Dear colleagues, A friend of mine has been asked to teach the subject "Comparative Linguistics" for an Arab university undergraduate students. However, that is quite remote from his field of specialisation and he has been not given any material to teach. He is in dire need of references. Could anyone please e-mail the addresses of any internet site that deals with this subject, particularly relating to the language pair English/Arabic. (The material has to be in eletronic format) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:24:25 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:24:25 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Translation of words for Dictionary query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Translation of words for Dictionary query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: Jan Hoogland Subject: Translation of words for Dictionary query Dear colleagues, Please take notice of this warning, I will only express it once: Don't you ever even start considering to compile a dictionary of Modern Standard Arabic. Now you can never blame me for not warning you. 'amma bacdu, Since I am in the unfortunate situation that some 8 years ago I did decide to make such a dictionary, and since I've got less then 2 months to finish my database, I am in desperate need for your help. There are quite some Dutch words for which we are still searching for a good Arabic Equivalent. Knowing that there is an immense quantity of knowlegde among the subscribers of this list, I will take the liberty of asking your help. In order to test your willingness I will start with a few words and hope to receive some useful hints. Please don't bother using difficult transliteration, your suggestions will hopefully speak for itself. (I myself simply use Upper Case for all characters that need some modification like dot below, stroke above etc, '=hamzah, c=cayn, such a transliteration should be clear enough). I will mention the word and some kind of semantic lable as well as a part of speech indicator. So if possible please help me on a good Arabic translation of: word POS lable assemble verb computer compile verb computer epoxy noun chemical overhead wire noun train/tram Just quote and write the ARabic behind the word, Arabic in Windows Code Page is OK too. Maybe the list-moderator will prefer if you reply off-list, for me any reaction will suffice. I will summarize all reactions if anyone wishes to receive this. Thanks in advance, Jan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 14 18:22:30 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 14 Mar 2001 11:22:30 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Archives and searching Arabic-L Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 14 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Archives and searching Arabic-L -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Mar 2001 From: moderator Subject: Archives and searching Arabic-L I have been asked recently about whether arabic-l has a searchable archive. As some of you have found out through sad experience, the listserv which houses arabic-l, and which is supposed to have an archive of it, doesn't seem to work. However, LINGUIST does archive the messages and has a search engine. I was able to search for all the messages in 2000 that had the word 'job' in the subject heading and instantly get access to a large number of messages. So here is the info: Log onto: www.linguistlist.org click on: Lists archived and searchable on LINGUIST sites find Arabic-L, and go to its page, and then you can search it. dil -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 14 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:12:05 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:12:05 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Various Queries Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Index MS-Word Arabic query 2) Subject: Onset Consonant Clusters in Gulf Arabic query 3) Subject: POS Tag Set for Arabic query 4) Subject: author query 5) Subject: Long Vowel Query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: hdavies Subject: Index MS-Word Arabic query Hi. Can anyone tell me how to create an index using MS-Word Arabic that does not LUMP together all the words starting with alif-laam, and does not SPLIT words with suffixes? I have had no success as yet in obtaining help from MSWord support, or any other source. thanks. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: LeslieSYK at aol.com Subject: Onset Consonant Clusters in Gulf Arabic query Hello, Is anyone able to tell me if 'kl' and '9d' are possible onset consonant clusters (word-medially) in Gulf Arabic? ?I am unsure how these two words would be syllabified. ? 'yaakluun' ?????Would it be 'yaak.luun' or 'yaa.kluun'? as in 'tammaw yaakluun athnaa l-muHaaDra' 'gaa9diin' ???Would it be 'gaa9.diin' or 'gaa.9diin'? as in: 'yoom yiit, kinna gaa9diin nitbax il-ghada'. I would also appreciate it if anyone can tell me whether the 'superheavy' syllables CVVC, CVCC are considered to have 3 moras? I appreciate any assistance, Lisa -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Mohamed Noamany Subject: POS Tag Set for Arabic query Asalamo alikom, Are you aware of any part of speech tag set for Arabic or any work on POS tagging for Arabic ? Thanks in advance, Mohamed F. Noamany -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Eros Baldissera Subject: author query Dear Friends, Could anyone suggest if this auspicious sentence has a known author? li-SaaHibi-hi al-sa9aada / wa-al-salaama wa-Tuul al-9umr maa naaHat Hamaamu-hu / wa-9izz daa'im laa dhull fii-hi wa-iqbaal ilaa al-9aam ... Many thanks indeed. Eros -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: nousa6281 at hotmail.com Subject: Long Vowel Query dear list members in your analysis of the Arabic language would you consider the long vowels to be morphemes or allophones and why? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:01:52 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:01:52 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:weaving vocab responses Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: weaving vocab response 2) Subject: weaving vocab response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Mutarjm at aol.com Subject: weaving vocab response Greetings. While it may not relate directly, in historical terms, to medieval weaving and tapestry, William Eagleton's massive book on Kurdish carpets includes an English-Turkish-Arabic-Kurdish glossary, IIRC. I can check my library this evening and send publisher data and ISBN so you can find and borrow a copy via inbterlibrary loan. The bookstore of the Frier Gallery at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC had copies for sale, as of the mid-1990s. There are some books, in Arabic, about weaving that contain glossaries or wordlists, plus the late H. R. B. Dickson's unedited edition of "Arab of the Desert" has several chapters on bedu weaving. HTH. Regards from Los Angeles, Stephen H. Franke -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Paul Auchterlonie Subject: weaving vocab response I don't know of any glossary of Islamic textiles as such, but R.B.Serjeant - Islamic textiles : material for a history up to the Mongol conquest (Beirut: Librairie du Liban, 1972) is a useful place to start for linguistic queries in this field. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 21:58:28 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 14:58:28 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:ALS Bib query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: ALS Bib query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Samira Farwaneh Subject: ALS Bib query Hello, I remember a long time ago I was able to download the Arabic Linguistics bibliography, but I'm embarrassed to say that I cannot remember the site or the commands for downloading. Could someone please help? Also, has the bibliography been updated recently? Many Thanks, Samira -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:05:10 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:05:10 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:The term 9aamil influences response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: he term 9aamil influences response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Waheed Samy Subject: he term 9aamil influences response The term for the word on which the 9aamil exercises its influence is ma9muul. Thus you have the 9aamil its ma9muul, referred to as ma9muuluhu. Waheed -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:13:05 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:13:05 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Words for Dictionary Response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Words for Dictionary Response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Tim Buckwalter Subject: Words for Dictionary Response The Microsoft glossary has al-mujammi` for Assembler and al-mu'allif and mutarjim for Compiler. In actual usage, there is taSniif for "to compile" and muSannif for Compiler, but mutarjim is also used: e.g., mutarjim jaafaa (Java Compiler). Assembler is explained as "lughat al-kambyuutir al-asaasiyya". Epoxy: "maaddat iyboksi", "Samagh iyboksi", Overhead wires: xuTuuT kahrabaa'iyya fawqiyya -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Mon Mar 19 22:13:51 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Mon, 19 Mar 2001 15:13:51 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Stats on Arabic Web Sites Response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Mon 19 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Stats on Arabic Web Sites Response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 2001 From: Chahine Hamila Subject: Stats on Arabic Web Sites Response Greetings, I suggest you contact Ayna.com's webmaster. He posted once that 99% of the pages they served (4,000,000 a month if memory serves) are CP1256. However, since they allow other encodings, the explanation for the high frequency is that almost all Arab readers use IE, which requests by default a CP1256 page. Regards, Chahine -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:45:45 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:45:45 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:List matters Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: list suggestion 2) Subject: list thanks -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: BOUALEM Malek FTRD/DMI/LAN Subject: list suggestion Dear Dilworth B. Parkinson, When posting messages to the list, could you please put the answers together with the original questions ? Thank you for taking care of this "very" intersting list. Shukran Malek Boualem France Telecom R&D [moderator's note: This message was sent to me, not the list, but I decided to post it so that those of you wondering about it would know. I have usually avoided including the original questions with the responses since that makes the messages inordinately long in some cases, and since multiple responses keep adding up. In a few cases I leave in a quote from the query when the response is responding to a specific part of the query that may not be remembered. If I feel that the gist of the query can be figured out from the heading and the content of the message, I leave it out. I am willing to reconsider this policy, so if you have feelings on the subject, let me know. I'll tally the results, and make a decision in the next few weeks. Dil] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: Ernest McCarus Subject: list thanks ArabicL is a tremendous service to us all in the Arabic language profession, whether teacher or learner (is there a difference?!), and it obviously requires a great deal of time and effort. I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to Brigham Young University and staff and most of all to Dil Parkinson for this fantastic service that they are providing to us all. Ma`a jaziili l-shukr, wa-aHarri l-tamanniyaat. Ernest McCarus [moderator's note: thanks!] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:25:00 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:25:00 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Mazen response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Mazen response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: Yaser Al-Onaizan Subject: Mazen response Hi Geneva, The following is translated from the entry in The "Dictionary of Arab Names", by Sultan Qabboos University's Encyclopedia of Arab Names. Mazen: root (MZN) Meaning: one who rush to request help. They say "mzn min al-'adw" when you run away from the enemy. "al-mazin" is one with bright face. Hope that helps, Yaser -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:27:07 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:27:07 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:'head' and 'dependent' response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: 'head' and 'dependent' response According to *A Dictionary of Modern Linguistic Terms* (Beirut 1983), "head (of a microsegment)" is / markazu t-tarkiib /; "head (of an intonation)" is / markazu t-tanghiim /" and "head word" is / al-kalimatu l-markaziyyatu /. P. 35. The head of the wife, of course, is the husband (Bible). "dependent clause" (p. 17) is / al-9ibaaratu t-taabi9atu (ghayru l-mustaqillati)/; "dependent sound change" is / at-taghayyuru S-Sawtiyyu t-taabi9u \ al-mashruuTu /. Best wishes, Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:33:53 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:33:53 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:gender Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: gender 2) Subject: gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: gender RE: la-quTbiyyah al-'andalusiyyah. amanecer, anochecer, etc. are calques (semantic borrowings) in Spanish from Arabic. Might not the Arabic AUGMENTATIVE / -atun / as in / 9allaamatun /, / raawiyatun /, / nassaabatun /, etc. be be the historical source of such Spanish pairs as: Masc: jarro "little jar' vs. Fem. jarra "big jar;" hoyo "hole" hoya "valley;" rayo "spoke" raya "stripe, streak." or is this perhaps merely another instance of the natural superiority of women, a la: Die ewige Weiblichkeit zieht uns hinaaaaaaan?? (Not from Down Under) Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: mughazy Subject: gender alhawar at american.edu wrote ?Again, singular body parts that end with a feminine gender marking are fine, because they are treated as feminine any way. There is no need to treat them otherwise.? The way I understood your ?rule? is that singular body parts are masculine and paired ones are feminine. If this is the case, how can single parts that are inflected for feminine be fine? Then why the exception that you mentioned, namely ?surrah? (naval) is not fine? Also, there is not a couple of exceptions. If you look at fiqh al-lughah by al-tha3aliby you will find tens of ?exceptions?. I do not know how many exceptions it takes to refute the existence of a rule. ?(ridf)= "buttock": synonimous with 9ajuz/kafal (lower part of body below the back) seems to be a neoligism in the gloss you provided (nahd)="breast": no such meaning in FuSHaa. The word for "breast" in FuSHaa is "thadii": treated both as feminine and masculine (hence not problematic to the identified pattern) (mebyaD)= ovary: seems to be a neoligism" I did not ask you earlier about what you think fuSHa is, and I think I should now because you are considering all these words to be neologisms. In fact, if your ?rule? is really a rule, it is expected to accommodate neologisms, if they were. In your latest posting you gave the example of ?naahid? but now you are telling me that ?nahd? is not fuSHa. Interestingly, I checked Al-tunair (1987), and he claims that ?nahd?, ?thadii? and ?bez? are all fuSHa words, and they are all masculine (and these are paired). Also, earlier on you responded to the case of ?ma3idah? (stomach) by providing a close synonym, namely, ?baTn' that fits in your rule, and you did the same to other examples. I am not concerned with synonyms, I am concerned with the forms that do not follow that rule. I would agree that the Arab grammarians did a great job describing patterns of gender assignment. However, these are descriptive patterns, and they have little, if any, explanatory power. In fact, I was waiting for you to tell me why single body pairs are assigned masculine not feminine (why not feminine?) Is it an arbitrary decision or a motivated one? Also, who made that decision? Are we thinking of fuSHa as a pure language, or a variety of a language that changes? ?You mean a sentence as in "haadhaa r-rajulu 9aaqir" ? ?Well, to start with, "rajul 9aaqir" is fine not anomalous although irregular, the regular form being "rajul 9aqiir."? Well, I am sorry but I have to disagree because that sentence is anomalous. Actually if you accept that sentence, you will have to accept "haatha rajul Hamil" (this is a pregnant man). I do not have the native speaker?s intuitions about fuSHa, but I still think that it is a contradiction i.e., it is false under all possible assignments of truth-values for its terms. Unfortunately most emails do not support predicate logic notation. Otherwise, I would have shown you the truth table for that sentence. ?Second, why invoke pragmatics if the phenomenon can be captured semantically and/or syntactically in a straightforward fashion and without any ambiguity. Your comment is not based on full understanding of the forms as they behave in FuSHaa Arabic.? Thanks again for your kind comments, but believe me Arabs knew about pragmatics and they used pragmatic gender marking. Here is an example from asraar al-3arabiyya (p. 228) Omar ben-abi rabii3a said ?fakaana mejanna doona ma kuntu attaqi thalaath shukhooSin ka3ibaani wa mu3Siri? In the phrase ?thalaath shukhooS? (three-masculine persons-masculine) the gender of the quantifier is the same as that of the noun although it is supposed to be feminine for the quantifier. Also, in the Koran ?fa?aHyayyna bihi baldatan mayyetan? where the adjective mayyetan (dead) is masculine and the noun baldatan (town) is feminine. These are typical cases of transfer of meaning, which is a pure pragmatic phenomenon discussed in several papers by Geoffrey Nunberg. You can figure out the conversational implicatures invoked by gender marking. Haa?iD etc. ?These forms do appear with the feminine {-ah} suffix but with an additional meaning. In fact, the appearance of the feminine suffix with such forms is assumed to be obligatory (by Al-Khalil Ibn Ahmad as cited by Sibaawayhi) in eventive/temporal contexts, expressed paraphrastically (given that in the first place they are assumed to be feminine attributes exclusively): e.g., hiya Haa?iD-ah ghadan. "She is menstruating tomorrow." This makes such forms on a par with other regular adjectives. Consider hiya jaa?i9-ah "she is hungry(now)" or kaanat jaa?i9-ah "she was hungry" where hunger is an attribute that is not inherent or constantly present in females only but is a rather temporal state.? Thank you for the example, which shows that sometimes gender is assigned for semantic reasons (that is part of my argument). I am not sure if hunger is not inherent or menstruating is constant (I hope not), but your attempt does not explain how gender assignment is syntactic or even semantic. That is what I tried to explain in terms of presupposition, which is empirical rather than speculative. I said ? 3allamah, etc., the use of which (rather than the form) >presupposes uniqueness. That is why they do >not have dual or plural >forms.? You said ?Are you making up rules for Arabic or citing some source/s?. Here are some plural forms: Haamilaat, HaaDatin, 9uqur, nawaahid, kawaa9ib, etc. ? Apparently you did not read what I said closely. I was talking about the subset of words that have indefeasible conventional implicatures, logical entailments and presuppositions such as 3allaamah that do not have dual or plural forms because of these presuppositions. Also, again you are using nawaahid although you claim nahd is not fuSHa. Once again I acknowledge the great job the Arab grammarians did describing gender assignment and disagreement. However, I think linguists should try to account for these patterns (not rules), although it is a formidable task, rather than simply view these descriptions as self motivated rules. Also, I still think that there are semantic and pragmatic motivations for gender assignment and disagreement in Arabic. I believe that semantics and pragmatics are not things that we 'invoke' when we have nothing to say. That is my story and I am sticking to it till I see good research grounded in formal semantics and pragmatic theory that proves otherwise. Mustafa A. Mughazy Graduate student Depatment of Linguistics University of Illinois Urbana Champaign -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:37:52 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:37:52 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:JSA Call for Papers Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: JSA Call for Papers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: Nada Mourtada Sabbah Subject: JSA Call for Papers [moderator's note: I don't post attachments on Arabic-L, so I have transferred the content of the attachment to the message.] Dear Colleague, Enclosed in a file attachment is a "Call for Papers" for the Journal of Social Affairs (JSA). We would be very grateful if you would inform your colleagues and publicize the Call for Papers in whatever ways you deem to be appropriate. The JSA is a broadly based journal which accepts manuscripts on a wide array of topics, mainly in the humanities and social sciences. It is recognized as one of the leading academic journals in the Middle East for these fields. In the past, the JSA was published exclusively in Arabic. The Fall 2001 issue is the first which will be published in English. It is also the first issue which will be published by the American University of Sharjah (AUS). In the event that it is of interest, I include a few words about AUS both after my contact information below, and after the Call for Papers. Thank you very much in advance for your efforts at publicizing the Call for Papers. If you or your colleagues would like any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me. Sincerely, Nada Mourtada-Sabbah Ph.D., Universit? de Paris II JSA, Deputy Editor-In-Chief E-Mail: nmourtada-JSA at aus.ac.ae ABOUT AUS The American University of Sharjah is a private, nonprofit, coeducational, American-style institution in the Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. It is affiliated with the American University in Washington, D.C. The Chancellor, Roderick S. French, was Vice President of George Washington University for many years before coming to AUS. The language of instruction at AUS is English. All classes and administrative functions are carried out in English. AUS admitted its first students and began classes in the fall of 1997, and is the first comprehensive university of its kind in the Gulf region. The University is committed to a vision of itself as an independent institution based on the American model, but one which is thoroughly grounded in Arab culture. AUS was established and is funded by His Highness, Dr. Sheik Sultan Bin Mohammed Al Qassimi, Supreme Council Member, CALL FOR PAPERS The Journal of Social Affairs The Journal of Social Affairs (JSA) wel-comes manuscripts from a wide variety of fields, including anthropolo-gy, cul-tural studies, eco-nom-ics, education, histo-ry, international relations, law, philosophy, psy-chology, and sociolo-gy. The aim of the Journal is to promote the flow of those scholarly works that will be of benefit to the United Arab Emirates in partic-ular, and the Middle East in general. Some preference will be given to manu-scripts which are of direct relevance to the United Arab Emirates and the Middle East, but other manu-scripts are also very much en-cour-aged. Under the condi-tions of a new agreement signed January 30, 2001, the Journal of Social Af-fairs will be pub-lished jointly by the American University of Sharjah (AUS) and the Socio-logical Asso-ciation of the United Arab Emirates. The Sociological Association has been publishing the JSA for 17 years, exclu-sively in Arabic. Un-der the new agreement, however, approxi-mate-ly half of each issue will be pub-lished in English (com-menc-ing with the Fall issue of 2001). The Journal will therefore become more acces-sible to schol-ars throughout the world. The JSA is currently recognized as one of the leading social sci-ence jour-nals in the Mid-dle East, and is widely read in such coun-tries as Egypt, Ku-wait, Iraq, Jordan, Oman, Qa-tar, Saudi Ara-bia, Syria, and the Unit-ed Arab Emir-ates. The JSA is published quarterly. All submissions for publication undergo blind peer reviews by multi-ple reviewers. Manuscripts are acknowl-edged within two weeks of re-ceipt. Every attempt will be made to inform au-thors about the suitability of submit-ted manuscripts for publica-tion within three months. Manuscripts in English should be Manusripts in Arabic should be submitted to: submitted to: Dr. Nada Mourtada-Sabbah Dr. Mohammed Al-Mutawa JSA, Deputy Editor-in-Chief JSA, Editor-In-Chief American University of Sharjah The Sociological Association of the UAE P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah P.O. Box 3745, Sharjah United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates E-mail: nmourtada-JSA at aus.ac.ae -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 22 23:26:10 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 22 Mar 2001 16:26:10 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:Long Vowel Response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 22 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Long Vowel Response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 2001 From: Ernest McCarus Subject: Long Vowel Response >in your analysis of the Arabic language would you consider the long vowels >to be morphemes or allophones and why? In Standard Arabic the long vowels are phonemes. For example, the long vowel aa is a phoneme, /aa/. If it by itself carries meaning then it will also be a morpheme, . To illustrate, the pronoun /hum/ means 'they (masculine plural)'; with the addition of it becomes /humaa/ 'they (DUAL)'. Thus, is the dual morpheme in Standard Arabic; it is, of course, also found in nouns, e.g., /kitaab/ 'book' but /kitaabaahum/ 'their TWO books' and in verbs, e.g., /katabat/ 'she wrote' and /katabataa/ 'they (feminine DUAL) wrote'. The /aa/ in /kitaab/ is merely a phoneme but in /katabataa/ it is a phoneme which is also a morpheme. Allophones are variant pronunciations of a given phoneme, variations that are determined by the adjacent phonemes. Thus, the phoneme /aa/ has two principal allophonic types in most forms of Standard Arabic, [aa] roughly like the "a" in English "cad" and [AA] like the "o" in English "cod". [AA] occurs in a "back" environment-one containing an emphatic consonant, qaaf, etc.-whereas [aa] occurs only elsewhere. So /aa/ is by definition not an allophone, but a symbol that stands for a set of related allophones. Allophones are phonetically similar but mutually exclusive; that is, allophone A occurs in one particular environment only, allophone B occurs only in a different particular environment, and allophone C never occurs in either of those two environments. To take the Standard Arabic example above, [aa] and [AA] are phonetically similar and [AA] only occurs in a back environment whereas [aa] never occurs there; they are allophones of the phoneme /aa/. How does one define "phoneme"? Phonemes can be defined as the basic distinctive units of speech for a given language; they are the consonants and vowels of a language, plus "prosodic features", such as: accent (stress, like English "PERmit" [noun] vs. "perMIT" [verb]; or pitch, like Japanese "hashi" which can mean "bridge", "edge", or "chopsticks" depending on the pitch of the two vowels-high, mid, or low); length (of vowels, like Arabic bal 'but' vs. baal 'mind', or of consonants, like `alam 'flag' vs. `allam 'he taught'); or intonation, like the difference between /jaa`uu./ 'they came' vs. /[hal] jaa'uu?/. 'Did they come?' Ernest McCarus -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 22 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:10:08 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:10:08 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:JAIS article on Compass Sources Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: JAIS article on Compass Sources -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Joseph Norment Bell Subject: JAIS article on Compass Sources Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies http://www.uib.no/jais/jais.htm http://enlil.ff.cuni.cz/jais/jais.htm We call attention to the following new posting: Petra G. Schmidl. Two Early Arabic Sources on the Magnetic Compass. Adobe Acrobat 4.0 PDF file, 357 kB. Vol. 1 (1996-97): 81-132. The pre-publication version has been posted today (http://www.uib.no/jais/v001/schmidl1.pdf). The HTML version will be posted with the final version in a few weeks. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:11:39 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:11:39 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Mazen summary Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Mazen summary -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: GENEVA MARIE AWAD Subject: Mazen summary Last week I posted a query regarding the consonantal root and the meaning of the name Mazen. I'd like to thank the following people for their help: Wail Gueaieb, Elkafi Hassini, Michael Schub, Haseeb Shehadeh, Mohammad T. Alhawary, and Yaser Al-Onaizan. I had hoped this would be a simple, straight-forward question; however, I received more than half a dozen interpretations, nearly all of them different. Here's a summary of the responses: 1. root: kh z n meaning: derived from the plural "makhaazin," meaning a storehouse 2. root: m z n meaning: ants' eggs 3. root: w z n meaning: weight or balance 4. root: m z n meaning: to rush in seeking one's need, to go on one's way, or to cover a stretch of land by walking non-stop. 5. root: m z n meaning: one who rushes to request help (perhaps related to # 4) 6. derived from muzn, meaning rain clouds (or is it white clouds?) 7. Mazen is a sub-tribe of the Tamiim 8. al-maazin means one with a bright face I am puzzled by all the different interpretations! I would love to hear any more thoughts/suggestions. I'm especially interested in hearing from anyone whose name is Mazen. Many thanks, Geneva Awad -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:12:33 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:12:33 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Language Issues Colloquium postponed Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Language Issues Colloquium postponed -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Tourabi Abderrezzak Subject: Language Issues Colloquium postponed Dear All It is our pleasure to inform that the colloquium on "Language Issues" has been postponed till October, 24, 25, and 26, 2001. Please renew your participation taking in consideration this change. The colloquium is due to take place from 24 till 26 October 2001 at the Institute for the Study and Research on Arabization, Rabat-MOROCCO . All participations are welcomed. Best regards Tourabi -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:13:37 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:13:37 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:TRANS:Barratry Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Barratry -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Ali Houissa Subject: Barratry I'm looking for an equivalent term or phrase of the following word in Arabic/Muslim legal practice. Thanks for help. BARRATRY - Maritime Law, Crimes. A fraudulent act of the master or mariners, committed contrary to their duty as such, to the prejudice of the owners of the ship. The act of Congress of April 30, 1790, s.8, punishes with death as piracy, 'any captain or mariner of any ship or other vessel who shall piratically and feloniously run away with such ship or vessel, or any goods or merchandize to the value of fifty dollars; or yield up such ship or vessel to any pirate or if any such seamen shall lay violent hands upon his commander, thereby to binder or prevent his fighting in defence of his ship or goods committed to his trust, or shall make a revolt in the said ship.' --b-- BARRATOR - One who has been guilty of the offence of barratry. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:22:20 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:22:20 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Advertisement for QuarkXpress Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Advertisement for QuarkXpress -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: GnhBos at aol.com Subject: Advertisement for QuarkXpress Press Release, March 2001 =================== IDEX Show Daily Published on QuarkXPress & ArabicXT LIVE Press Release. 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Page layout artists use QuarkXPress & ArabicXT to assemble pages both in English & Arabic, and after proofing, pages are sent via ISDN lines straight from the show grounds to the Printing Press, where printing plates are made and the Magazine is printed. "We have been using QuarkXPress & ArabicXT for producing our bi-monthly Gulf Defense Magazine for a long time." Said Mr. Youssef Faour, Production Manager of the Magazine. "We rely on QuarkXPress & ArabicXT for all our publishing needs. We need fast and reliable DTP products like QuarkXPress & ArabicXT, in order to be able to publish a daily magazine live from the show and meet our deadlines." Added Mr. Faour. "It gives us great pleasure to see our products being used at state of the art publishing sites like the Gulf Defense Magazine site" Said Mr. Joe Karkour, Area Manager of Layout Middle East. "QuarkXPress & ArabicXT are reliable products and continue to dominate the publishing industry in the world." Added Mr. Karkour. More About Layout: http://www.Layoutltd.com More About AramediA: http://www.aramedia.com More About QuarkXpress: http://www.quark.com More About IDEX: http://www.Idex-2001.com Get QuarkXPress ArabicXT: http://www.arabicsoftware.net Best Regards, George N. Hallak AramediA Group 761 Adams Street Boston, MA 02122, USA http://www.aramedia.com mailto:info at aramedia.com T 617-825-3044 F 617-265-9648 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:16:41 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:16:41 -0700 Subject: Arabic-l:PEDA:Hebrew U Arabic Summer Course 2001 Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Hebrew U Arabic Summer Course 2001 -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Yohanan Friedmann Subject: Hebrew U Arabic Summer Course 2001 The Rothberg School for Overseas Students of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem offers three summer courses in Arabic, between June 25, 2001 and August 2, 2001. 1. Literary Arabic - Elementary. An introduction to literary Arabic. Grammar, reading of graded texts, drills in pronunciation and translation. The course is designed for students with no previous knowledge of the language. Classes meet five days a week, 5 hours daily. 2. Literary Arabic - Intermediate. Readings of easy classical and modern prose. Exercises in translation. Review of basic grammar and continued study of morphology and syntax. The course is designed mainly to improve students' reading comprehension. Prerequisite: One year of academic study of Arabic or equivalent. Classes meet five days a week, 5 hours daily. 3. Spoken Arabic - Elementary. The course is designed to enable students to hold conversation in Arabic, in the dialect spoken in Jerusalem. Classes meet for 5 days a week, 4 hours daily. The courses are coordinated by Prof. Yohanan Friedmann For information on registration, please write to Mr. Yoel Nesson: msnesson at pluto.mscc.huji.ac.il For academic matters, please write to Prof. Yohanan Friedmann: msyfried at pluto.mscc.huji.ac.il You can also visit our website at: http://www2.huji.ac.il/www_sfos/top.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:18:49 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:18:49 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Arabic Language Processing Call Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Arabic Language Processing Call -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Steven Krauwer Subject: Arabic Language Processing Call FINAL CALL FOR PAPERS ACL/EACL 2001 Workshop ARABIC Language Processing: Status and Prospects Toulouse, France, Friday 6 July 2001 Co-organized by: ELSNET/NAPLUS WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES AND DESCRIPTION: The objective of the workshop is threefold. * First of all we want to bring together people who are actively involved in Arabic language and/or speech processing in a mono- or multilingual context, and give them an opportunity to report on completed and ongoing work as well as on the availability of products and core technologies. This should enable the participants to develop a common view on where we stand with respect to Arabic language processing. * Secondly, we want to identify problems of common interest, and possible mechanisms to move towards solutions, such as sharing of tools and resources, moving towards standards, sharing and dissemination of information and expertise, adoption of current best practices, setting up joint projects and technology transfer mechanisms, etc. * Third, we would like to enhance collaboration between the Arabic NLP community and the NLP community at large. The workshop program will include the following components: * Introduction * Overview talks * Scientific papers * Short presentations of projects, core technologies and products * A panel session and/or a round table discussion * Conclusions SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SCIENTIFIC PAPERS: Papers are solicited that address all aspects of Arabic language processing in a mono- or multilingual context, including tools, resources and standards. Papers will have to be original and report on completed research. Submissions of scientific papers should not exceed eight (8) pages. Please provide a list of keywords in the separate header page. Further submission details below. SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SHORT PRESENTATIONS OF PROJECTS, CORE TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS: Short presentations serve to give the audience an impression of ongoing activities and projects, and of existing core technologies and products, with a view to possible collaboration and synergies (i.e. NO commercial product presentations). Submissions of short presentations should not exceed two (2) pages. Short presentations will be reviewed on the basis of relevance and clarity of presentation. REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL SUBMISSIONS: Electronic submissions only (PostScript, Word, or PDF), following the appropriate ACL latex style or Microsoft Word style. Submissions should not exceed the length indicated above, including references. You can download the appropriate style or template files using the following link: http://acl2001.dfki.de/style/. Submission and presentation language is English. In case of problems with the submission format, please contact steven.krauwer at elsnet.org. Submissions should be sent to steven.krauwer at elsnet.org. All submissions will be acknowledged. DEADLINES FOR ALL SUBMISSIONS: * Submission deadline: 6th April 2001 * Notification date: 27th April 2001 * Camera-ready papers due: 16th May 2001 * Workshop date: 6th July 2001 CONFIRMED CORE PROGRAMME/ORGANISATION COMMITTEE: * Mustafa Yaseen, Amman University, Jordan (Co-chair, myaseen at cbj.gov.jo) * Joseph Dichy, Universite Lumiere-Lyon 2, France (Co-chair, dichy at univ-lyon2.fr) * Steven Krauwer, Utrecht University / ELSNET, The Netherlands (Contact person, steven.krauwer at elsnet.org) * Adnane Zribi, University of Tunis, Tunisia (adn at gnet.tn) * Salem Ghazali, IRSIT, Tunisia (ghazali at irsit.rnrt.tn) * Humoud Al-Sadoun, Ministry of Education, Kuwait (hbh at moe.edu.kw) * Jean Senellart, SYSTRAN, France (senellart at systran.fr) * Nadia Hegazy, ERI, Egypt (nhegazy at idsc.gov.eg) * Khalid Choukri, ELRA/ELDA, France (choukri at elda.fr) * Malek Boualem, FTRD/DMI/LAN, France (malek.boualem at rd.francetelecom.fr) * Everhard Ditters, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands, (e.ditters at let.kun.nl) WORKSHOP URL: http://www.elsnet.org/acl2001-arabic.html CONTACT INFO: Steven Krauwer email: steven.krauwer at elsnet.org ELSNET / UiL OTS www: http://www.elsnet.org Trans 10 phone: +31 30 253 6050 3512 JK Utrecht, NL fax: +31 30 253 6000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:21:02 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:21:02 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Adjectives and Nouns Responses Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Adjectives and Nouns Response 1) Subject: Adjectives and Nouns Response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Adjectives and Nouns Response Dear Abby, I bought a nice Persian for my bedroom floor--my wife became furious! The term /al-9arabiyyatu/ is a substantivised noun, i.e. it is originally an adjective in the expression /al-lughatu l-9arabiyyatu/ [Above, I intended a Persian cat or rug--would you like to go out and eat some Chinese tonight?] Can any adjective in Arabic be substantivised (=used as a noun)? Best wishes, Unsubstantivised in Hartford, Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: "Schub, Michael" Subject: Adjectives and Nouns Response Re: nouns/adj.s: The Arab grammarians divided words into three major catagories: ism (nouns, including adjectives: both may get tanwiin); fi9l (verbs); and Harf (particles). Mike Schub -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:23:32 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:23:32 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:Ancient Books on meaning query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Ancient Books on meaning query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: Rizwanur Rahman Subject: Ancient Books on meaning query Assalamu Alaikum I am working on tradition of meaning in the context of Arabic language. I want to know whether there are old Arabic books on this subject written by grammarians of mediaeval period. I'll be thankful to you for you kind favour. Hafizaka allah Dr. R. Rahman New Delhi -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 22:10:58 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 15:10:58 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:AJISS looking for Book Reviewers Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: AJISS looking for Book Reviewers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: "Muhammad S. Eissa" Subject: AJISS looking for Book Reviewers he American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences is looking for reviewers for the books below. For more information, contact the Book Review Editor, Dr. Kathy Bullock, at kathy at cy-tek.com 1. Tulip in the Desert ? A Selection of the Poetry of Muhammad Iqbal. Mustansir Mir, McGill-Queens University Press, 2000 2. The New Mamlukes: Egyptian Society and Modern Feudalism Amira El Azhary El Sonbol & Robert A. Fernea. Syracuse University Press, 2000 3. Force Majeure: The Clinton Administration?s Sudan Policy David Hoile 4. The Advent of the Fatimids: A Contemporary Shi?I Witness Wilfred Madelung & Paul Walker, 2000. 5. The Politics of Writing in Iran: A History of Modern Persian Literature Kamran Talattof . Syracuse University Press,1999 6. The Israeli-Syrian Peace Talks: 1991-96 and Beyond. Helena Cobban, 1999. 7. Contemporary Debates in Islam: Modernism vs Fundamentalism. Kamran Talattof & Mansoor Moaddel (Eds) St. Martin's Press, Inc, 1999 8. Winning the Modern World for Islam Abdelsalam Yassine 9. Classical Arabic Biography: The Heirs of the Prophets in the Age of Al-Ma'mun Michael Cooperson Cambridge University Press, 2000 10. Jerusalem in History K J Asali. Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporated, 1998 11. Building a New Society Zahid Parvez 12. The Poetry of Arab Women: A Contemporary Anthology. Nathalie Handal (ed). Interlink Publishing Group, 2000 13. Education in the Arab Gulf States and the Arab World El-Sanabary, Garland Publishing, 1992 . 14.The Brunei Constitution: An Inside History BA Hussainniya 15. History Testifies the Infallibility of the Qur?an: Early History of the Children of Israel. Louay Fatoohi & Shetha al-Dargazelli 16. Muslims: Their Beliefs and Practices. Andrew Rippin. Routledge, 2000 17. Challenges to Democracy Arat, Y., Ashraf, A., Baram, A., et al. Markus Wiener, 1996 18. Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam Markus Wiener, 1996 Peters, Rudolph F 19 Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3rd/9th Century Popovic, Alexandre. Markus Wiener, 1999 20. The Book of Strangers: Medieval Arabic Graffiti on the Theme of Nostalgia (attributed to al-Isfahani) P Crone and Shmuel Moreh. Markus Wiener, 2000. 21. Rivers of Fire: The Conflict over Water in the Middle East); Soffer, Arnon. Rowan & Littlefield, 1999 22. Human Rights and Revolutions Wasserstrom, Jeffrey N, Lynn Hunt, and Marilyn B. Young (eds), Rowan & Littlefield, (2000). 23. Recognizing Islam: Religion and Society in the Modern Middle East, Michael Gilsenan, (2000) 24. The Brink of Peace: The Israeli-Syrian Negotiations Itamar Rabinovich, Princeton University Press (1999). 25. Nation and Religion: Perspectives on Europe and Asia. Peter Van der Veer, and Hartmut Lehmann. (1999). 26. Travellers in Faith: Studies of the Taglighi Jama?at as a Transnational Islamic Movement for Faith Renewal. Muhammad Khalid Masud (ed) (2000) 27. A History of Modern Yemen Paul Dresch The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences is looking for book reviewers for various books (see below). AJISS, published quarterly by the International Institute of Islamic Thought and the Association of Muslim Social Scientists, is a referred journal. For more information, please contact AJISS Book Editor, Dr. Kathy Bullock, at kathy at cy-tek.com 1. Tulip in the Desert ? A Selection of the Poetry of Muhammad Iqbal. Mustansir Mir, McGill-Queens University Press, 2000 2. The New Mamlukes: Egyptian Society and Modern Feudalism Amira El Azhary El Sonbol & Robert A. Fernea. Syracuse University Press, 2000 3. Force Majeure: The Clinton Administration?s Sudan Policy David Hoile 4. The Advent of the Fatimids: A Contemporary Shi?I Witness Wilfred Madelung & Paul Walker, 2000. 5. The Politics of Writing in Iran: A History of Modern Persian Literature Kamran Talattof . Syracuse University Press,1999 6. The Israeli-Syrian Peace Talks: 1991-96 and Beyond. Helena Cobban, 1999. 7. Contemporary Debates in Islam: Modernism vs Fundamentalism. Kamran Talattof & Mansoor Moaddel (Eds) St. Martin's Press, Inc, 1999 8. Winning the Modern World for Islam Abdelsalam Yassine 9. Classical Arabic Biography: The Heirs of the Prophets in the Age of Al-Ma'mun Michael Cooperson Cambridge University Press, 2000 10. Jerusalem in History K J Asali. Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporated, 1998 11. Building a New Society Zahid Parvez 12. The Poetry of Arab Women: A Contemporary Anthology. Nathalie Handal (ed). Interlink Publishing Group, 2000 13. Education in the Arab Gulf States and the Arab World El-Sanabary, Garland Publishing, 1992 . 14.The Brunei Constitution: An Inside History BA Hussainniya 15. History Testifies the Infallibility of the Qur?an: Early History of the Children of Israel. Louay Fatoohi & Shetha al-Dargazelli 16. Muslims: Their Beliefs and Practices. Andrew Rippin. Routledge, 2000 17. Challenges to Democracy Arat, Y., Ashraf, A., Baram, A., et al. Markus Wiener, 1996 18. Jihad in Classical and Modern Islam Markus Wiener, 1996 Peters, Rudolph F 19 Revolt of African Slaves in Iraq in the 3rd/9th Century Popovic, Alexandre. Markus Wiener, 1999 20. The Book of Strangers: Medieval Arabic Graffiti on the Theme of Nostalgia (attributed to al-Isfahani) P Crone and Shmuel Moreh. Markus Wiener, 2000. 21. Rivers of Fire: The Conflict over Water in the Middle East); Soffer, Arnon. Rowan & Littlefield, 1999 22. Human Rights and Revolutions Wasserstrom, Jeffrey N, Lynn Hunt, and Marilyn B. Young (eds), Rowan & Littlefield, (2000). 23. Recognizing Islam: Religion and Society in the Modern Middle East, Michael Gilsenan, (2000) 24. The Brink of Peace: The Israeli-Syrian Negotiations Itamar Rabinovich, Princeton University Press (1999). 25. Nation and Religion: Perspectives on Europe and Asia. Peter Van der Veer, and Hartmut Lehmann. (1999). 26. Travellers in Faith: Studies of the Taglighi Jama?at as a Transnational Islamic Movement for Faith Renewal. Muhammad Khalid Masud (ed) (2000) 27. A History of Modern Yemen Paul Dresch -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Wed Mar 28 23:58:06 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Wed, 28 Mar 2001 16:58:06 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Word 2000 Unicode query Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Wed 28 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Word 2000 Unicode query -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 28 Mar 2001 From: fatme at rice.edu (Fatme Hassan) Subject: Word 2000 Unicode query Hello everyone Has anyone used Windows 2000 for Arabic with Microsoft Office? (Unicode). If you have, do you have any idea where the Arabic numbers are on the keyboard? Thanks fatme' -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 28 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 29 16:23:58 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2001 09:23:58 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:GEN:Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 29 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses 2) Subject: Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses 3) Subject: Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses 4) Subject: Word 2000 Numbers (Unicode) Responses -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: Paul Nelson Subject: Word 2000 Numbers Responses In Word you need to go to Tools - Options - Complex Scripts and set your Numerals as you wish...Context, Arabic, Hindi, System. Then you type using the normal number keys or the number pad. Paul Nelson -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: Christopher Bennett Subject: Word 2000 Numbers Responses In Word 2000 the numerals are set on the Tools/Options/Right-to-Left dialog. You have four options: Arabic, Hindi, Context, and System. You use the same keys for both languages. If you set it to context it will use the Hindi numerals when the paragraph direction is right-to-left and the Arabic when it is left-to-right. If set to system, it will use the default that you have set for your operating system. Chris -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: William Kopycki Subject: Word 2000 Numbers Responses Fatme, I am assuming you want to change the numerals from Arabic to Hindi (e.g. numbers as they would normally appear in Arabic script). To do so from an application like Microsoft Word 2000, you need to do the following: 1. From the top menu bar select Tools and trace to Options. 2. In the pop-up window that appears, click on the Right-to-Left tab. 3. Where it say Numeral, you will notice a drop-down menu. Slect either Hindi or preferably, Context. 4. Hit OK to close the window and return to your document. You should be You should now happily be able to type numerals in the Arabic script in Microsoft Word. What I _don't_ know offhand is whether the same option exists in Excel, or more importantly, PowerPoint.... Sincerely, William Kopycki. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: William Kopycki Subject: Word 2000 Numbers Responses To follow up on my initial response, it seems that to view Hindi numerals in Powerpoint 2000 while using Windows 2000, you will need to go to the Windows control panel (from the Start button in the lower left-hand side of your screeet>Settings>Control Panel) and click on Regional Options. From there, click on the Numbers tab, and click on the Standard Digits drop-down menu. You should see Hindi numerals; select that and click OK. You can now go back to PowerPoint and type Hindi numbers while in Arabic mode. It is worth mentioning that the same rules apply when using Farsi with Office 2000. William Kopycki. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 29 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 29 16:25:12 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2001 09:25:12 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:ACL European Meetings Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 29 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: ACL European Meetings -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: Philippe Blache Subject: ACL European Meetings The European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (http://www.eacl.org/) invites proposals to host the 11th Meeting of the EACL (EACL'03). The EACL conferences are usually held during the spring. Proposal coming from any European country, but also from Middle-East and North-Africa are eligible. The conference format will consist of a main conference and up to 10 workshops and tutorials organized just before or after the conference. The proposal submission process is in two stages. First, draft proposals are sought from prospective proposers. Based on the evaluation of the draft proposals, selected proposers will be invited to submit full proposals. Draft proposals are due on 15 June 2001, and will be evaluated at the EACL Board Meeting on 7 July 2001. Selected proposers will be informed before end July 2001. Full proposals are due on 15 August 2001. Draft proposals should include: - Location (accessibility, conference venue, hotels, student dorms) - Local CL Community - Proposed Date - Meeting space (space for plenary sessions, tutorials, workshops, posters, exhibits, demos and small meetings) - A/V equipment - Food/Entertainment/Banquet/Receptions - Local Arrangements (chairs, committee, volunteer labour, registration handling) - Sponsorships - Budget estimates Proposals will be evaluated in relation to a number of site selection criteria (unordered): - Experience of Local Arrangement team. - Local CL community support. - Local government and industry support. - Accessibility and attractiveness of proposed site. - Appropriateness of proposed dates. - Adequacy of conference and exhibit facilities for the anticipated number of registrants - Adequacy of residence accommodations and food services in a range of price categories and close to the conference facilities. - Adequacy of budget projections and expected surplus. - Balance with regard to the geographical distribution of previous conferences. Draft proposals should be sent electronically to the EACL President: Prof. Donia Scott : donia.scott at itri.brighton.ac.uk Submission Dates: Draft proposals are due on 15 June 2001; Full proposals are due on 15 August 2001. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 29 Mar 2001 From Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu Thu Mar 29 16:26:19 2001 From: Dilworth_Parkinson at byu.edu (Dilworth B. Parkinson) Date: Thu, 29 Mar 2001 09:26:19 -0700 Subject: Arabic-L:LING:Barratry response Message-ID: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Arabic-L: Thu 29 Mar 2001 Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson [To post messages to the list, send them to arabic-l at byu.edu] [To unsubscribe, send message to listserv at byu.edu with first line reading: unsubscribe arabic-l ] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Subject: Barratry response -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 29 Mar 2001 From: dwilmsen Subject: Barratry response Hello, Where is that citation from? Its wording is almost exactly that of the entry in Faruqi's Law Dictionary. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- End of Arabic-L: 29 Mar 2001