<HTML><BODY style="word-wrap: break-word; -khtml-nbsp-mode: space; -khtml-line-break: after-white-space; "><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">------------------------------------------------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Arabic-L: Wed 10 Jan 2007</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <<A href="mailto:dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu">dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu</A>></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">[To post messages to the list, send them to <A href="mailto:arabic-l@byu.edu">arabic-l@byu.edu</A>]</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">[To unsubscribe, send message from same address you subscribed from to</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><A href="mailto:listserv@byu.edu">listserv@byu.edu</A> with first line reading:</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "> unsubscribe arabic-l ]</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">-------------------------Directory------------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1) Subject:Cairo Linguistics Group Lecture</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">-------------------------Messages-----------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1)</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: 10 Jan 2007</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From:<A href="mailto:madihadoss@yahoo.com">madihadoss@yahoo.com</A></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Subject:Cairo Linguistics Group Lecture</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="7"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 26px;"><B>جماعة</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="7"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 26px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="7"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 26px;"><B>اللغويين</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="7"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 26px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="7"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 26px;"><B>في</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="7"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 26px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="7"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 26px;"><B>القاهرة</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B>و</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B>مركز</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B>البحوث</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B>العربية</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B>و</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B>الإفريقية</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: right;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 17px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">نتشرف</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">بدعوتكم</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">لحضور</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">محاضرة</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 16px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 19px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>مديحة</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>دوس</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">(</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">جامعة</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">القاهرة</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">)</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 17px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>"</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>ملاحظات</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>حول</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>الترجمان</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>كمترجم</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>"</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">( </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">باللغة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">العربية</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">و</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">مرافق</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الملخص</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">)</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 11px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 13px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: right;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;">في</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;">المقر</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;">الجديد</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>لمركز</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>البحوث</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>العربية</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>والأفريقية</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>5</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>شارع</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>المهندس</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>حسن</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>برادة</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>- </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>متفرع</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>من</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>شارع</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>قرة</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>بن</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>شريك</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> -</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>الجيزة</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>الدور</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>الأرضي</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>شقة</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B> 5</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 11px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 13px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>تليفون</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px;"><B>: 7744644</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 11px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 13px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;">يوم</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;">السبت</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;"> 13 </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;">يناير</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;"> 2007</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;">الساعة</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;">السادسة</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;">مساءً</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;">رجاء</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;">الحضور</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;">في</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;">الموعد</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px; text-decoration: underline;">المحدد</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 20px/normal Verdana; min-height: 24px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 20px;"><B>CAIRO LINGUISTS GROUP</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;">and the </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="5"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><B>Arab African Research Center</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal Verdana; min-height: 17px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">are inviting you to a lecture (in Arabic) by</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>Madiha Doss</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">(Cairo University)</FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B>“Reflections on the dragoman as translator”</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"><B> </B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">(abstract attached)</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 16px/normal Verdana; min-height: 19px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">at the </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="text-decoration: underline;"><B>new</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> headquarters of the Arab & African Research Center:</FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">5 Hassan Barada Street, Giza, (side street off the previous address</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana"> Qura Ibn Shureik Street</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">), ground floor, Apt. 5. Tel. 7744644</FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 16px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 19px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px; text-decoration: underline;"><B>Saturday, 13</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13.3333px; text-decoration: underline;"><B>th</B></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="4"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px; text-decoration: underline;"><B> January 2007, 6p.m.</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 14px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 17px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">PLEASE COME ON TIME.</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro"><B>الملخص</B></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"><B> </B></FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: right;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">أخذت</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">شخصية</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الترجمان</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">صوراً</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">مختلفة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">عبر</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">العصور،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">ففي</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الفترة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">بين</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">القرنين</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">السادس</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">والتاسع</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">عشر،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">اضطلع</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الترجماب</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">بدور</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">دبلوماسي</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">إلى</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">جانب</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">دوره</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">كمترجم</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">. </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">أما</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">في</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">القرن</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التاسع</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">عشر</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">فاشتهر</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التراجمة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">كمرافقين</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">للرحالة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الأوربيين</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الذين</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">قاموا</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">بزيارة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">بلاد</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> "</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الشرق</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">" (</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">فلسطين،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">سوريا،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">مصر،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">إسطنبول،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">إلخ</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">).</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: right;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">سأقوم</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">في</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">هذه</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">المحاضرة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">بتقديم</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">بعض</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الملاحظات</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">حول</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">دور</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التراجمة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">كمترجمين،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">سأتعرض</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">لقضية</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">كفاءتهم</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">في</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">اللغات</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التي</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">كانوا</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">يترجمون</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">منها</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">وإليها،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">وكذلك</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التصورات</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التي</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">كانوا</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">يحملونها</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">لبعض</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">هذه</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">اللغات،</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">وأخيراً</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التأثير</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">المؤقت</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الذي</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">تركه</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">هؤلاء</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التراجمة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">على</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">اللغة</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">.</FONT></DIV><DIV style="text-align: right;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Tahoma; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">ABSTRACT</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">The dragoman took various roles throughout history. From the 16</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="2"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;">th</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> to the end of the 19</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="2"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;">th</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> century the dragoman besides being an interpreter, partly played the role of a diplomat. Similarly, during the 19</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="2"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;">th</SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> century the dragoman appears in the travel literature (both French and English) as an interpreter accompanying the traveler.</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">In this presentation I will make some remarks on the role of the dragomans</FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma">as translators (into Arabic), their competence, the image they had of language and the effect they had on it. </FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma"> </FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Arial; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Arial; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">--------------------------------------------------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">End of Arabic-L: 10 Jan 2007</DIV></BODY></HTML>