<HTML><BODY style="word-wrap: break-word; -khtml-nbsp-mode: space; -khtml-line-break: after-white-space; "><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">------------------------------------------------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Arabic-L: Fri 15 Jun 2007</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <<A href="mailto:dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu">dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu</A>></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">[To post messages to the list, send them to <A href="mailto:arabic-l@byu.edu">arabic-l@byu.edu</A>]</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">[To unsubscribe, send message from same address you subscribed from to</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><A href="mailto:listserv@byu.edu">listserv@byu.edu</A> with first line reading:</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "> unsubscribe arabic-l ]</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">-------------------------Directory------------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1) Subject:Plurals</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">-------------------------Messages-----------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1)</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: 15 Jun 2007</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From:"Marco Hamam" <<A href="mailto:marco.hamam@poste.it">marco.hamam@poste.it</A>></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Subject:Plurals</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Hi everybody. I would like to add another element to the discussion of plurals in the Quran, if i am allowed. </DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">I already knew the question of <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">اثنتي</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">عشرة</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">أسباطا</FONT> which, as far as I know, has not been solved by the mufassirin. Reading the Quran I had some other big problems with plurals and duals. Maybe you can help me deal with them and maybe this will be a starting point for a broader discussion.</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Here I give some of the problems I remember (I wrote down the interested ayas on a piece of paper...it must be somewhere...):</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1. </DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">سورة</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الانسان</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">،</FONT> 15 <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">،</FONT> 16</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">وَيُطَافُ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">عَلَيْهِمْ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">بِئَانِيَةٍ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">مِنْ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">فِضَّةٍ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">وَأَكْوَابٍ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">كَانَتْ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">قَوَارِيرَا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">قَوَارِيرَا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">مِنْ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">فِضَّةٍ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">قَدَّرُوهَا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">تَقْدِيراً</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">/Qawaariir/ is the plural of /qaaruura/. And it is evidently a DIPTOTE name (in arabic mamnuu3 min aS-Sarf) like, for instance, /kawaabiis/ as a plural of /kaabuus/ (kawaabisu / kawaabisa) or as the hundrends of names with /mafaa3iil/ wazn. So why is it /qawaariiraa/ (with a big alif) and not /qawaariira/ with no alif? You'll notice that later correctors have been puzzled by that and have made this alif as the alif after waw al-jamaa3a (a prosthetic alif with a sukun on it). Yet, why is an alif there?</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">2.</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">سورة</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الانسان</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">،</FONT> 4</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">إِنَّا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">أَعْتَدْنَا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">لِلْكَفِرِينَ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">سَلسِلَا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">وَأَغْللًا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">وَسَعِيرًا</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Same problem with /salaasilaa/ . Why this last alif? (Where alif lacks like in /kaafiriin/, /salaasilaa/, /aghlaalaa/, you have to add the little alif).</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">3.</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">سورة</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">الحج</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">،</FONT> 19</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">هَذَانِ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">خَصْمَانِ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">اخْتَصَمُوا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">فِي</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">رَبِّهِمْ</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Why has the dual /khasmaani/ a plural /ikhtaSamuu/ and not a dual verbal form (+ the pronoun -him instead of -himaa)? Why is it not /ikhtasamaa fii rabbihimaa/?</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">4.</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">سورة</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">التحريم</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">،</FONT> 4</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">إِنْ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">تَتُوبَا</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">إِلَى</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">اللَّهِ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">فَقَدْ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">صَغَتْ</FONT> <FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Geeza Pro">قُلُوبُكُمَا</FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">The subject of the hypotetical phrase is dual: /in tatuubaa/ . But then there is /Saghat quluubukumaa/. Why is it not /Saghaa qalbaakumaa/ given that we have two hearts?</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">These were the parts I could remember. I hope it will stimulate a discussion.</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Regards,</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Marco Hamam</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">--------------------------------------------------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">End of Arabic-L: 15 Jun 2007</DIV></BODY></HTML>