<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">------------------------------------------------------------------------</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Arabic-L: Wed 28 May 2008</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <<a href="mailto:dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu">dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu</a>></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">[To post messages to the list, send them to <a href="mailto:arabic-l@byu.edu">arabic-l@byu.edu</a>]</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">[To unsubscribe, send message from same address you subscribed from to</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><a href="mailto:listserv@byu.edu">listserv@byu.edu</a> with first line reading:</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "> unsubscribe arabic-l ]</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">-------------------------Directory------------------------------------</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1) Subject:academic terms response</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1) Subject:academic terms response</div><div><br></div></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">-------------------------Messages-----------------------------------</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1)</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: 28 May 2008</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From:"Dr. M Deeb" <<a href="mailto:muhammaddeeb@gmail.com">muhammaddeeb@gmail.com</a>></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Subject:academic terms response</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">I. On consensus:<br><br>Technical terminology in Arabic writings is far from consensus. It is<br>marked by chaos and arbitrariness, due in part to: (1) lack of competency<br>in source and target languages; (2) literal aping of the western term in<br>spite of its incongruity to Arabic context; (3) the diffusion of wrong<br>terminology at the expense of the accurate one; (4) overbearing solecisms.<br><br>A most irritating example comes to mind, that's the inaccurate, yet popular<br>equivalent of the English / "approach" / as /مقاربة / (muqaarabah). Whoever<br>started this mess, God forgive him, seems to have abided by the literal<br>meaning of verb approach in the sense of "draw close to sth."/ "to<br>approximate." The metaphorical sense of the word "approach" in, say "an<br>approach to fiction" would mean "a way of reading fiction;" "an access to<br>fiction;" "a preliminary introduction to fiction."<br><br>Hence the proper translation should have been / مقدمة /(muqaddimah) or /<br>مدخل / ( madkhal ). Now, this wrong equivalent is so entrenched in Arabic<br>by its frequent use even among the academics!<br><br>II. Approaching the queried terms:<br><br>(1) Qualitative research: / بحث نوعي / (baHthun naw'iyy), as contrasted to<br>/ بحث كمي / ( baHthun kammiyy);<br><br>(2) Action research: /بحث عمل / (baHthu 'amal) or / بحث إنجاز / (<br>baHthu injaaz);<br><br>(3) Focus groups: I have heard or come across / مجموعات التبئير /<br>( majmuu'aatu 'at-tab'iir), but it is hardly felicitous! I should<br>suggest, instead / مجموعات البحث المعنية بالبعد البؤري / (...<br>al-ma'niyyatu bi-'l-bu'di al-bu'riyyi ). Long winded but more accurate.<br><br>(4) Research interview: / مقابلة بحث / (muqaabalatu baHth).<br><br>(5)<br><br>A. Open-ended interview: / مقابلة مفتوحة / (muqaabalatun maftuuHa) or<br>/ مقابلة غير محددة الأطراف / ( ghayru muHaddadati al-'aTraaf);<br><br>B. Undirected interview: / مقابلة غير موجهة / (... ghayru muwajjahah).<br><br>With kind regards.<br> --<br>M. Deeb, Professor Emeritus,<br>English, Comparative Literature & Cultural Studies<br><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">--------------------------------------------------------------------------</div><div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">2)</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: 28 May 2008</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From:sattar izwaini <<a href="mailto:sattarumist@yahoo.co.uk">sattarumist@yahoo.co.uk</a>></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Subject:academic terms response</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "></div></div></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; ">Dear Kenneth K. Ayouby,<br><br> In order to provide a "suggested" translation there is probably a need to have the concept of those terms, i.e. a description of what they mean. The linguistic components are not enough to creat a corresponding Arabic version. Even if we find Arabic terms provided in disctionaries or in the literature, they are most of the time literal renditions. These are technical terms of a specialized area and they need their "meaning' to be expressed in the Arabic equivalent.<br><br> Regards<br> Sattar Izwaini<br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">--------------------------------------------------------------------------</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">End of Arabic-L: 28 May 2008</div></div></div></div></div></body></html>