<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">------------------------------------------------------------------------</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Arabic-L: Sat 17 Aug 2008</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <<a href="mailto:dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu">dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu</a>></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">[To post messages to the list, send them to <a href="mailto:arabic-l@byu.edu">arabic-l@byu.edu</a>]</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">[To unsubscribe, send message from same address you subscribed from to</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><a href="mailto:listserv@byu.edu">listserv@byu.edu</a> with first line reading:</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "> unsubscribe arabic-l ]</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">-------------------------Directory------------------------------------</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1) Subject:l to n change response</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">-------------------------Messages-----------------------------------</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1)</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: 17 Aug 2008</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From:Manfred Woidich <<a href="mailto:m.a.woidich@uva.nl">m.a.woidich@uva.nl</a>></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Subject:l to n change response</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; ">I hate to quote myself, but in my Cairo grammar (Harrassowitz 2006) on<br>page 15 you will find some more examples, as well as in nearly all<br>older grammars of Egyptian Arabic such as Spitta §8 p.26 (as well as<br>for /r/ Ù /l/, Vollers-Burkitt §3 p.17, Willmore p.27, Karl Vollers,<br>Beiträge zur Kenntnis der lebenden arabischen Sprache (ZDMG XLI (1887)<br>p.376 and so on. In Dakhla Oasis, in the village al-QaSr, all /l/<br>developped into /n/, anwuniyya wuneedit = ilwiliyya wildit, see my "Zum<br>Dialekt von al-QaSr in der Oase Dakhla (Ägypten)", in: Werner Arnold<br>and Hartmut Bobzin (eds.) "Sprich doch mit deinen Knechten aramäisch,<br>wir verstehen es!" (Festschrift für Otto Jastrow, Wiesbaden 2002)<br>821–840.<br><br>Best,<br><br>Manfred Woidich<br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">--------------------------------------------------------------------------</div><div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">2)</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: 17 Aug 2008</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From:Uri Horesh <<a href="mailto:uri.horesh@fandm.edu">uri.horesh@fandm.edu</a>></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Subject:l to n change response</div><div><br></div><div>In addition to the examples mentioned by Munther and others, it is notable that the other non-nasal sonorant, /r/, also alternates with /n/ in some cases, particularly between Aramaic and the other Semitic languages. The two examples that come to mind are the following:<br><br>Aramaic Arabic Hebrew<br>------- ------ ------<br>bar (i)bn ben 'son'<br>tre: thnay shne: 'two' (masc.)<br><br>I seem to think there are others, so if there any Aramaic scholars in the room, please feel free to chime in.<br><br>Note, however, that this is not a complete historical shift, as /r/ and /n/ also occur in Aramaic as reflexes of their proto-Semitic ancestors, and examples abound.<br><br>In addition, I believe we have alternations such as /yil3an/ ~ /yin3al/ 'may it be cursed'. The latter is certainly used as a loanword in Israeli Hebrew, but I believe to have heard that some Araic dialects have it as well. Of course, in this case it may be construed as simple intra-word metathesis, but one wonders whether the phonetic similarity has served as a catalyst for this particular exchange.<br>--<br>Uri Horesh<br>Director, Arabic Language Program<br><br>Modern Languages<br>Franklin & Marshall College<br>PO Box 3003<br>Lancaster, PA 17604-3003<br></div><div><br></div></div></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">--------------------------------------------------------------------------</div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">End of Arabic-L: 17 Aug 2008</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></body></html>