<div dir="ltr">------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>Arabic-L: Tue 19 Mar 2013<br>Moderator: Dilworth Parkinson <<a href="mailto:dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu" target="_blank">dilworth_parkinson@byu.edu</a>><br>
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unsubscribe arabic-l ]<br><br>-------------------------Directory------------------------------------<br><br>1) Subject:standalone wa- speculations<br><br>-------------------------Messages-----------------------------------<br>
1)<br>Date: 19 Mar 2013<br>From:<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Muhammad Alzaidi <<a href="mailto:mohd.zaidi2007@gmail.com" target="_blank">mohd.zaidi2007@gmail.com</a>></span><br>Subject:standalone wa- speculations<br>
<br><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Hi Afra,</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Well! `wa' seems to be a hot topic here :). From purely syntactic</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">perspective, as far as I know, the conjunction 'wa' in Arabic and `and' in</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">English seem to receive quite attention (in syntax) whether this</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">conjunction should be adjoined/attached to the following conjunct or not.</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">An example is `ConjP' (approach) which is assumed in Minimalism framework.</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">"ConjP" (model) assumes that the first conjunct is the specifier, the</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">conjunction is the head, and the second conjunct is the complement. This</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">view is not adopted in other frameworks, as far as I know. People, to my</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">knowledge, argue for the REAL syntactic position of the conjunction `and'. So,</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">having problems with what `wa' is and how it behaves linguistically in</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Arabic seems to be not an issue that is found only in Arabic, but this</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">issue seems to be quite common in some languages including English. And it</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">is not clear where it can be placed in syntax.</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">>I cannot recall ever hearing someone do the same with other particles (as</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> in 'liiiiiiiii...' or 'biiiiiii...'), but that may be the fault of</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> selective memory. If there is indeed a difference, then what are the many</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> linguistic functions of 'wa'? It is clearly not just to mean 'and' --</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> though the difference may relate, in the end, more to the phonetic</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> qualities of the sounds involved ('w,' 'a,' 'l,'i,' & 'b') than to the</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> linguistic functions of the whole particle. It may also be that the</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> phonology influences the morphology and other linguistic characteristics of</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> the particle.</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">An argument seems to be against what you said above is that people</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">sometimes lengthen particles including li... a scenario for that is as</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">follows (This is a discourse.)</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Ali- Do you want me to tell my mom to whom you gave the flower?</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">تبيني اعلم امي لمين اعطيت الوردة؟</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Ahmed: No do not tell her please!</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">لا لا تعلم الله يخليك</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Ali: Mom, Mom, Ahmad gave a flower (liiiiiiiiii) DO you want me to</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">complete.... (liiii</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">امي ، امي أحمد أعطى الوردة ليييييييي اكمل؟ ليييي</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Sometimes, we lengthen the particle including "li" or "bi" if we forget and</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">we want to remember and then we can say "liiii (I forget) liiii"..</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">>Likewise, the functions of 'wa' in speech may influence whether people</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> write it as attached or as stand-alone. An example of the margins</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">> influencing the center or of the center directly affecting the margins?</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"> How can you make sure that the reason for writing `wa' as attached or</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">stand-alon is because of its functions? I think one of the members in the</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">list mentioned that sometimes people type `wa' as a stand-alone because of</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">the typing purposes (typing machine, etc..), so it seems that investigating</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">written texts do not solve the problem and based on them seems to be not</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">linguistically realiable, I think.</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">>It is clearly not just to mean 'and' -- though the difference may relate,</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Do you know what "linguistic" functions this conjunction may have?</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Thanks</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Muhammad Alzaidi</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">PhD Candidate</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
<span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">University of Essex</span><br style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>End of Arabic-L: 19 Mar 2013<br>
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