<HTML><BODY style="word-wrap: break-word; -khtml-nbsp-mode: space; -khtml-line-break: after-white-space; ">Dear Linda,<DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"><DIV> You can do this in MOR, but it will lead to a fairly serious rearrangement of virtually every arule in the language. The result would be</DIV><DIV>a much less usable MOR system for German. The basic idea underneath MOR is that it is supposed to be analyzing target language morphemes, rather than errors. Instead of writing a rule for every possible error, it is better to tag errors directly In the case of spelling errors, the recommended treatment is simply to have</DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>zwoelf [: zwölf] </DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>if you want to typologize the errors or spelling types, you can have</DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>gros [: groß] [* sß]</DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>Here the symbol sß can be anything you want to serve as a ready tag for spotting error types.</DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>In all these cases, MOR will only process the second form, but you retain the student's original in case you want to look at spelling errors or patterns. </DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>We have also, from time to time, thought about adding a second pass to MOR that would take the allomorphs generate by the arules and submit them to a further set of across-the-board generations. This would work well, for example, for the spelling changes in Romance verbs.</DIV><DIV>However, in practice, we were able to handle such phenomena well enough in the current framework and were not that motivated to do the work involved in adding this feature to MOR.</DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>--Brian MacWhinney</DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV><BR><DIV><DIV>On Dec 30, 2005, at 2:00 PM, Linda Forrest wrote:</DIV><BR class="Apple-interchange-newline"><BLOCKQUOTE type="cite"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: auto; -khtml-text-decorations-in-effect: none; text-indent: 0px; -apple-text-size-adjust: auto; text-transform: none; orphans: 2; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; "><O:SMARTTAGTYPE namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PostalCode"><O:SMARTTAGTYPE namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PlaceName"><O:SMARTTAGTYPE namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PlaceType"><O:SMARTTAGTYPE namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="State"><O:SMARTTAGTYPE namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"><O:SMARTTAGTYPE namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"><DIV class="Section1"><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Arial"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; ">We are using German MOR to analyze samples from learners who may follow different spelling conventions with regard to umlauts, sharp s, etc. Thus, we need to</SPAN><O:P style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Arial"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; ">recognize both ‘Zwölf’ and ‘Zwoelf’ or ‘groß’ and ‘gross‘, as examples. Of course, we could put both forms in the lexicon, but it would be nice to geneate the second form by rule.</SPAN><O:P style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Arial"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; ">However, as I read the Clan Manuel, once an Arule has been applied to the stem, no other Arules can apply, so words with both ‘ö’ and ‘ß’ would not be processed correctly. Am I missing something here, or is there some other way to deal with this issue?</SPAN><O:P style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Arial"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "><O:P style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "> </SPAN></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Arial"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "><O:P style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.3333px; "> </SPAN></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Palatino Linotype"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" palatino="" linotype";="" font-size:="" 13.3333px;=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">Linda B. Forrest, Ph.D</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "></O:P></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Palatino Linotype"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" palatino="" linotype";="" font-size:="" 13.3333px;=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">Research Director</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "></O:P></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Palatino Linotype"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" palatino="" linotype";="" font-size:="" 13.3333px;=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">Center for Applied Second Language Studies</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "></O:P></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Palatino Linotype"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" palatino="" linotype";="" font-size:="" 13.3333px;=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">5290 </SPAN><ST1:PLACE w:st="on"><ST1:PLACETYPE w:st="on"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">University</SPAN></ST1:PLACETYPE><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; "> of </SPAN><ST1:PLACENAME w:st="on"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">Oregon</SPAN></ST1:PLACENAME></ST1:PLACE></SPAN></FONT><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "></O:P></P><P class="MsoNormal"><ST1:PLACE w:st="on"><ST1:CITY w:st="on"><FONT size="2" face="Palatino Linotype"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" palatino="" linotype";="" font-size:="" 13.3333px;=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">Eugene</SPAN></SPAN></FONT></ST1:CITY><FONT size="2" face="Palatino Linotype"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family: " palatino="" linotype";="" font-size:="" 13.3333px;=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">, </SPAN><ST1:STATE w:st="on"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">OR</SPAN></ST1:STATE><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; "> </SPAN><ST1:POSTALCODE w:st="on"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">97403</SPAN></ST1:POSTALCODE></SPAN></FONT></ST1:PLACE><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "></O:P></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Palatino Linotype"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" palatino="" linotype";="" font-size:="" 13.3333px;=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">Tel: 541-346-5699</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "></O:P></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="2" face="Palatino Linotype"><SPAN style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:" palatino="" linotype";="" font-size:="" 13.3333px;=""><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Palatino Linotype; font-size: 13.3333px; ">Fax: 541-346-0322</SPAN></SPAN></FONT><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "></O:P></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="3" face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "> </SPAN></SPAN><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; "></O:P></FONT></P><P class="MsoNormal"><FONT size="3" face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "><O:P style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; "> </SPAN></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></O:SMARTTAGTYPE></O:SMARTTAGTYPE></O:SMARTTAGTYPE></O:SMARTTAGTYPE></O:SMARTTAGTYPE></O:SMARTTAGTYPE><BR class="Apple-interchange-newline"></SPAN></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>