<html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;">Hi Sophie,<div><br></div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I am not a linguist, so I can't definitively recommend any error code to you.</div><div><br></div><div>However, as Brian MacWhinney replied to your original email on Aug 7, 2025, 4:57, he suggested that this is a semantic error and should be coded with [* s:r] error code.</div><div><br></div><div>Maybe someone with higher pay grade than me can answer this better.<br id="lineBreakAtBeginningOfMessage"><div>
<div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><br></div><div style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;">Leonid.</div>
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<div><br><blockquote type="cite"><div>On Aug 14, 2025, at 12:34, Sophie Brook <sophiemeibrook@gmail.com> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div>Hi Leonid, <div><br></div><div>Thanks so much for investigating, </div><div><br></div><div>'on word level' means the individual word within the utterance, as opposed to 'utterance level' which is reserved for [+ ] postcodes .eg., [+ gram].</div><div><br></div><div>so specifically honing in on the word <b>"is" </b>in the sentence <span style="color: rgb(80, 0, 80);">PAR:</span><span style="color: rgb(80, 0, 80); white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="color: rgb(80, 0, 80);">an(d) the baby it <u>is</u> [: has] [*] a truck [: car] [* s:r] . [+ sem] [+ gram]</span></div><div><font color="#500050"><br></font></div><div><font>I think what i'm trying to see is if any of the error codes in the CLAN manual part 1 from P.108 can be assigned to this as currently we have be very conservative and used an asterisk in square brackets to denote an error at word level occurred but we can't specify. I have pasted below for ease. </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font>Thank you. </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font>----</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><p><b>18.1.2</b><b> </b><b>Semantic errors [* s]</b></p><p>s:r related word, target known, as in <i>mother </i>for <i>father</i></p><p>s:ur unrelated word, target known, as in <i>comb</i> for <i>umbrella</i></p><p>s:uk word, unknown target, as in “I go <i>wolf”</i></p><p>s:per perseveration, as in “he kicked the ball through the <i>ball</i>”</p><p>For errors with related words for known targets, one can add these additional distinctions:</p><p>s:r:prep wrong preposition, as in <i>on</i> for <i>in</i> or <i>off</i> for <i>out</i></p><p>s:r:seg word that is a partial segment of the target, as in <i>fire</i> for <i>fireman</i></p><p>s:r:der derivational error using a real word, as in <i>assess</i> for <i>assessment </i>or <i>humbleness</i> for <i>humility</i></p><p><br></p><p>Errors involving grammatical categories, such as number, case, definiteness, or gender are</p><p>coded as [* s:r:gc]. These can be further coded using the relevant part of speech, such as</p><p>“art” for article or “pro” for pronoun, and “der” for derivation, as in these examples:</p><p>s:r:gc:art definite for indefinite, indefinite for definite, definite for zero</p><p>s:r:gc:pro <i>his</i> for <i>her</i>, <i>your</i> for <i>yours</i>, <i>my</i> for <i>mine</i></p><p><b><br></b></p><p><b>Part 1: CHAT 109</b></p><p><b>18.1.3</b><b> </b><b>Neologisms [* n]</b></p><p>n:k neologism, known target, does not meet phonological error criteria</p><p>n:uk neologism, unknown target</p><p>n:k:s neologism, known target, stereotypy (recurring non-word)</p><p>n:uk:s neologism, unknown target, stereotypy (recurring non-word)</p><p>n:k:der neologism, known target, as in <i>integrativity</i> for <i>integration, </i>or <i>foundament </i>for<i> foundation</i></p><p><i><br></i></p><p><b>18.1.4</b><b> </b><b>Morphological errors [* m:a]</b></p><p>For the coding of morphological errors, these nine abbreviations can be used:</p><p>-ing progressive</p><p>-3s 3rd person singular</p><p>-ed past</p><p>-en perfective</p><p>-s noun plural</p><p>-'s possessive</p><p>-s' possessive plural</p><p>-er comparative</p><p>-est superlative</p><p><br></p><p>Missing regular forms, in which the base lemma appears with no suffix, are coded with</p><p>m:0, as in m:0ing missing progressive suffix</p><p>m:03s *missing 3rd person singular suffix</p><p>m:0ed missing regular past suffix</p><p>m:0s *missing regular plural suffix</p><p>m:0's missing possessive suffix</p><p>m:0s' missing possessive plural suffix</p><p><br></p><p>However, the two codes marked above with * should usually be coded instead as agreement. errors, as noted below.</p><p>Substitutions of the base form for irregulars, with omission of the expected marking, are coded with m:base:*, as in</p><p>m:base:s <i>child</i> for <i>children</i>, <i>ox</i> for <i>oxen</i></p><p>m:base:ed <i>come</i> for <i>came</i>, <i>bring</i> for <i>brought</i></p><p>m:base:en <i>take</i> for <i>taken </i>or<i> freeze </i>for<i> frozen</i></p><p>m:base:er <i>badder</i> for <i>worse</i></p><p>m:base:est <i>baddest</i> for <i>worst</i></p><p>Substitutions of an irregular for the base form are coded with m:irr:* in this way:</p><p>m:irr:s <i>children</i> for <i>child</i></p><p>m:irr:ed <i>found</i> for <i>find</i></p><p>m:irr:en <i>taken </i>for <i>take</i></p><p><br></p><p>Substitutions between past and perfective irregulars are coded with m:sub:* in this way:</p><p>m:sub:ed <i>frozen</i> for <i>froze, seen </i>for<i> saw</i></p><p><b><br></b></p><p><b>Part 1: CHAT 110</b></p><p>m:sub:en <i>froze</i> for <i>frozen, saw </i>for<i> seen</i></p><p>Overregularizations of irregulars are coded in this way:</p><p>m:=ed overregularized -ed past, as in <i>seed</i> for <i>saw</i></p><p>m:=en overregularized -en perfective, as in <i>taked</i> for <i>taken</i></p><p>m:=s overregularized –s plural, as in <i>childs</i> for <i>children</i></p><p>Superfluous markings of regulars are coded in this way:</p><p>m:+ing superfluous progressive, as in <i>running</i> for <i>run</i></p><p>m:+3s *superfluous 3rd person singular –s suffix, as in <i>goes</i> for <i>go</i></p><p>m:+ed superfluous regular past, as in <i>walked</i> for <i>walk</i></p><p>m:+en superfluous perfective, as in <i>taken</i> for <i>take</i></p><p>m:+s *superfluous plural, as in <i>gowns</i> for <i>gown</i></p><p>m:+'s superfluous possessive or plural possessive, as in <i>John</i>'<i>s </i>for<i> John.</i></p><p><br></p><p>However, the two codes marked above with * should usually be coded as agreement errors,</p><p>as noted below.</p><p><br></p><p>Double markings of regulars and irregulars are coded in this way:</p><p>m:++ing <i>runninging</i></p><p>m:++3s <i>wantses</i></p><p>m:++ed <i>talkeded</i></p><p>m:++en <i>changeded</i></p><p>m:++s <i>sevenses</i></p><p>m:++'s <i>boys</i>'<i>s</i>'<i>s</i></p><p><br></p><p>Double markings of irregulars are marked using the above codes plus a final :i</p><p>m:++ed:i <i>tooked</i></p><p>m:++en:i <i>brokened, takenen</i></p><p>m:++s:i <i>feets</i></p><p><br></p><p>Agreement errors for irregulars are marked in this way:</p><p>m:vsg:a verb 3rd singular for unmarked:</p><p><i>has</i> for <i>have, is </i>for<i> are, was </i>for<i> were</i></p><p>m:vun:a verb unmarked for 3rd singular</p><p><i>have</i> for <i>has, are </i>for<i> is</i>, <i>were</i> for <i>was</i></p><p>When agreement errors involve regulars, the :a should be added to the basic code, as in</p><p>m:03s:a <i>he want</i> for <i>he wants</i></p><p>m:+3s:a <i>we wants</i> for <i>we want</i></p><p>m:0s:a noun singular for plural, as in <i>two dog</i> for <i>two dogs</i></p><p>m:+s:a noun plural for singular, as in <i>this dogs</i> for <i>this dog</i></p><p>Allomorphy errors in the stem or base are coded in this way:</p><p>m:allo <i>knifes</i> for <i>knives, an </i>for<i> a</i></p></div><div><font color="#500050">------------------------------------</font></div><div><font color="#500050"><br></font><br></div><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="auto" class="gmail_attr">On Thursday, August 7, 2025 at 9:18:29 PM UTC+1 Leonid Spektor wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;"><div style="line-break:after-white-space">Hi Sophie,<div><br></div><div><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>Perhaps I don't understand the meaning of "on word level". Let me know if that is the case.</div><div><br></div><div>Here are 4 FREQ commands that link error codes with corresponding words.</div><div><br></div><div><div><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>freq test.cha +sm**</div><div><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>freq test.cha +s"[\**]"</div><div><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>freq test.cha +s"<\**>"</div><div><span style="white-space:pre"> </span>freq test.cha +s"<\**>" +d6</div></div><div><br></div><div>I ran those commands on sample file listed below:</div><div><br></div><div><div>@Begin</div><div>@Languages:<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>eng</div><div>@Participants:<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>PAR Participant</div><div>@ID:<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>eng|sample|PAR|||||Participant|||</div></div></div><div style="line-break:after-white-space"><div><div>*PAR:<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>an(d) the baby it is [: has] [*] a truck [: car] [* s:r] . [+ sem] [+ gram]</div></div></div><div style="line-break:after-white-space"><div><div>%mor:<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>coord|and det:art|the n|baby pro:per|it aux|have&3S det:art|a n|car .</div><div>%gra:<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>1|0|INCROOT 2|3|DET 3|1|COORD 4|7|SUBJ 5|7|AUX 6|7|DET 7|3|CMOD 8|1|PUNCT</div><div>@End</div><div><br></div><div>
<br><br style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: none;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;">Leonid.</span>
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<div><br><blockquote type="cite"></blockquote></div></div></div><div style="line-break:after-white-space"><div><div><blockquote type="cite"><div>On Aug 7, 2025, at 15:38, Sophie Brook <<a href="" data-email-masked="" rel="nofollow">sophiem...@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br></blockquote></div></div></div><div style="line-break:after-white-space"><div><div><blockquote type="cite"><div>Hi there, <div><br></div><div>Participant is describing a drawn picture of a baby sitting on the floor playing with a car. </div><div><br></div><div>In a transcription we have:</div><div><br></div><div>*PAR:<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>an(d) the baby it<b> is [: has] </b>[* ] a truck [: car] [* s:r]. [+ sem] [+ gram] •18119_22729•</div><div><br></div><div>How do we error code on word level? </div><div><br></div><div>Couldn't find something relevant in CLAN part 1 for when a verb "is" has been used for another main verb "has". </div><div><br></div><div>Please could you let me know what you think? Thank you. </div><div><br></div><div>Best, </div><div>Sophie </div><div><br></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div><div style="line-break:after-white-space"><div><div><blockquote type="cite"><div>
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