<DIV>Thank you very much, Henry, for the comprehensive answer.</DIV> <DIV>When I wrote that there is no Tillamook word in CW, this should be understood that I don't know from any such word from my antiquated sources for CW etymologies, namely Gibbs, Shaw (who follows Gibbs), and Hale (1890), who only has "S" for "Salishan", without distinguishing between Chehalis, Nisqually and other Salishan languages, as Gibbs does.</DIV> <DIV> </DIV> <DIV>Francisc<BR><BR><B><I>hzenk@pdx.edu</I></B> wrote:</DIV> <BLOCKQUOTE class=replbq style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #1010ff 2px solid">> On all maps describing the ethnic situation before the European<BR>> colonization, the direct neighbors of the Lower Chinook appear to be two<BR>> Salishan tribes: Chehalis at N and Tillamook (the Nehalem group) at S, and<BR>> two Athapaskan tribes: Kwalhiokwa at NE and Clatskanie at SE.<BR>> Chehalis has considerably influenced the Chinook Jargon. But I don't
know<BR>> about any single word of Athapaskan origin in CJ. Why this absence?<BR><BR>Curiously, Charles Cultee, Boas's source for both Lower Chinook and Kathlamet<BR>Chinook (and hence, source of almost all that has been preserved on these now<BR>dead languages), was part Kwalhiokwa Athapaskan: according to Boas, Cultee's<BR>FaMo was Clatsop, his FaFa an upper Willapa River Athapaskan; while his MoMo<BR>was Kathlamet and his MoFa "Willapa" (but in this case evidently a Lower<BR>Chinook from lower Willapa River). According to Michael Krauss's sketch<BR>"Kwalhioqua and Clatskanie" (Handbook of N American Inds vol. 7), one of<BR>Cultee's myths in Kathlamet Texts (Boas 1901) is actually Kwalhioqua (albeit<BR>told in Kathlamet): "The TkulXiyogoaikc" (the name is a Chinookan form for<BR>"Kwalhioqua"), p. 187. It's difficult to say much about these groups now,<BR>since they were evidently small and had pretty much disappeared by the time<BR>anthropologists and linguists arrived on the
scene. One gets the impression<BR>that although they cemented relations with neighboring groups by marrying into<BR>them, they remained a people of basically interior (vs. coastal/riverine) type,<BR>and were peripheral to the Lower Columbia social networks within which Chinuk<BR>Wawa developed. Not unlike the Molalas farther east, perhaps (hunting bands of<BR>the Oregon Cascades who intermarried with Columbia River Chinookans, but<BR>apparently contributed next to nothing to Chinuk Wawa--not counting borrowings<BR>from CW INTO Molala).<BR><BR>> Furthermore, among the CJ words of Salishan origin, none is from Tillamook.<BR>> Again, why?<BR>><BR><BR>That may not be quite true, though it does indeed appear that Tillamook has<BR>contributed precious little. I'm just now working on a report for the<BR>Thompsons on Chinuk Wawa and Tillamook, so should have more to say about this<BR>later. Henry<BR></BLOCKQUOTE> <DIV><BR></DIV><p>
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