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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:36.0pt'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'>Readers of this list may be interested in the availability of this new named entity resource.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><u><span style='color:#002060'>WHAT IS JRC-NAMES<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='color:#002060'>JRC-Names</span></b><span style='color:#002060'> is a highly multilingual named entity resource for person and organisation names ('entities'). It consists of large lists of names and their many spelling variants (up to hundreds for a single person), including across scripts (Latin, Greek, Arabic, Cyrillic, Japanese, Chinese, etc.). The named entity resource file with the list of spelling variants is accompanied by Java-implemented demonstrator software that (a) allows to produce - for any input name - a list of known spelling variants, and that (b) analyses UTF8-encoded text files to find known entity mentions, returning the name variant found, the preferred display name for that entity, the unique name identifier for that name, the position of the entity name in the text, and its length in characters. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><u><span style='color:#002060'>AN EXAMPLE<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'>To see examples, go to any of the over one million entity pages on <b>EMM-NewsExplorer</b> (e.g. that for Muammar Gaddafi at <a href="http://emm.newsexplorer.eu/NewsExplorer/entities/en/262.html">http://emm.newsexplorer.eu/NewsExplorer/entities/en/262.html</a>) to see the list of spelling variants automatically collected for that entity. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><u><span style='color:#002060'>MOTIVATION FOR THIS RELEASE<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'>The data release by the European Commission’s <i>Joint Research Centre</i> (JRC) is in line with the general effort of the European Commission to support multilingualism, language diversity and the re-use of Commission information. It follows the release of the <b>JRC-Acquis</b> parallel corpus in 2006 (over 1 billion words in 22 languages), of the <b>DGT-TM</b> Translation Memory in 2007 (up to 2 million translation units per language in 22 languages), and further smaller multilingual resources. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><u><span style='color:#002060'>WHAT JRC-NAMES CAN BE USED FOR<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:243.75pt'><span style='color:#002060'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'>JRC-Names is a <i>technical</i> resource that can be used to find names even if they are spelled differently and to normalise name spellings in databases or other repositories. It is also a useful ingredient for IT systems that process text, e.g. for text mining, machine translation, social network generation, and other text mining applications involving named entities. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><u><span style='color:#002060'>HOW JRC-NAMES WAS PRODUCED<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'>JRC-Names is a by-product of the analysis of about 100,000 news reports per day by the <b>Europe Media Monitor</b> (EMM) family of applications (freely accessible at <a href="http://emm.newsbrief.eu/overview.html">http://emm.newsbrief.eu/overview.html</a>). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'>It was mostly compiled automatically, by analysing hundreds of millions of news articles since the year 2004 in up to twenty languages, identifying names of entities (mostly persons, but also organisations, event names, and more), and detecting which of these newly found names are variant spellings of each other. Most name variants in JRC-Names are thus spellings that were found in real-life text (including frequent spelling mistakes). Additionally, for a subset of the collection of entities, software automatically extracted spelling variants in many further languages (e.g. Chinese, Thai, Japanese, ...) from the cross-lingual links in Wikipedia. For highly frequent or otherwise important names, the named entity resource was additionally manually verified. As JRC-Names was mostly produced automatically, it will contain some errors.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><u><span style='color:#002060'>MORE INFORMATION ON JRC-NAMES <o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'>At <a href="http://langtech.jrc.ec.europa.eu/">http://langtech.jrc.ec.europa.eu/</a>, you find more information on the JRC’s multilingual language technology activity, a download link for JRC-Names and a reference paper explaining the named entity resource, as well as a page pointing to other multilingual resources. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><u><span style='color:#002060'>WHAT NEXT?<o:p></o:p></span></u></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'>The JRC and collaborating services of the European Commission plan to release further large-scale linguistic resources in the near future. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#002060'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:navy;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:gray;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'>Ralf </span></b><b><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:gray;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'>Steinberger <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span></b><b><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:gray;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'><br></span></b><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:gray;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'>European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC)<br>21027 Ispra (VA), Italy<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:gray;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'>URL – Applications: <a href="http://emm.newsbrief.eu/overview.html">http://emm.newsbrief.eu/overview.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:gray;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'>URL – The science behind them: <a href="http://langtech.jrc.ec.europa.eu/">http://langtech.jrc.ec.europa.eu/</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:navy;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'><br style='mso-special-character:line-break'><![if !supportLineBreakNewLine]><br style='mso-special-character:line-break'><![endif]></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:navy;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-language:JI;mso-no-proof:yes'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>