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    For a very different (and pop science) but I thought interesting
    take on possible <i>causes</i> of linguistic diversity, see<br>
    David Robson, Dec 07 2011, Power of Babel: Why one language isn't
    enough, New Scientist. <br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21228421.200-power-of-babel-why-one-language-isnt-enough.html">http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21228421.200-power-of-babel-why-one-language-isnt-enough.html</a><br>
    <br>
    Mike<br>
    <br>
    On 13/12/2011 08:35, Majid Laali wrote:
    <blockquote
      cite="mid:693F9582-8DDD-45B2-93B6-4D1425CCBE3F@gmail.com"
      type="cite">Dear all, 
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>Thank you for your elaborate responds. It is help me much to
        continue my research.</div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>
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          <span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse:
            separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica;
            font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight:
            normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal;
            orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px;
            text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2;
            word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px;
            -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;
            -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none;
            -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width:
            0px; font-size: medium; ">Regards,<br>
            Majid Laali,<br>
            Natural Language and text Processing Laboratory(<a
              moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://ece.ut.ac.ir/NLP">http://ece.ut.ac.ir/NLP</a>),<br>
            School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,<br>
            College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran<br>
            <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:m.laali@ut.ac.ir">m.laali@ut.ac.ir</a><br>
            <br>
            <br>
          </span>
        </div>
        <br>
        <div>
          <div>On Dec 12, 2011, at 4:20 PM, Charles Hall wrote:</div>
          <br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
          <blockquote type="cite">
            <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                <tr>
                  <td style="font: inherit;" valign="top">This issue was
                    one of the standard topics in historical
                    linguistics, which, sadly, has fallen out of favor
                    in universities.<br>
                    <br>
                    There is often a "cycle" in which syntax becomes
                    morphology.<br>
                    <br>
                    For example, it's assumed that the 'weak' past tense
                    morpheme -ed in English [and the other Germanic
                    languages] began as the syntactic "did" following a
                    verbal when the normal word order was<br>
                    <br>
                    SOV<br>
                    <br>
                    I thinking did.<br>
                    <br>
                    now many dialects of English have lost the tense
                    markers and have only aspect... the cycle
                    continues....<br>
                    <br>
                    If you are interested in this cycle, simply look at
                    the standard texts on historical linguistics.<br>
                    <br>
                    <br>
                    <br>
                    <br>
                    *************<br>
                    Charles Hall, Ph.D., dr.h.c.<br>
                    University of Memphis, Department of English<br>
                    Applied Linguistics and EFL/ESL<br>
                    901.313.4496<br>
                    <br>
                    <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                      href="http://www.charleshall.info">www.charleshall.info</a>
                    <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                      href="http://www.l4law.org">www.l4law.org</a><br>
                    <br>
                    --- On <b>Mon, 12/12/11, Graham White <i><<a
                          moz-do-not-send="true"
                          href="mailto:graham@eecs.qmul.ac.uk">graham@eecs.qmul.ac.uk</a>></i></b>
                    wrote:<br>
                    <blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16,
                      16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>
                      From: Graham White <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                        href="mailto:graham@eecs.qmul.ac.uk">graham@eecs.qmul.ac.uk</a>><br>
                      Subject: Re: [Corpora-List] Why some languages has
                      complex morphology meanwhile other not?<br>
                      To: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                        href="mailto:corpora@uib.no">corpora@uib.no</a><br>
                      Date: Monday, December 12, 2011, 1:06 PM<br>
                      <br>
                      <div class="plainMail">I suspect a lot of it is
                        simply random drift: languages have to put <br>
                        their complexity somewhere, but there is a lot
                        of choice as to where <br>
                        they put it. French, for example, has lost the
                        noun inflections which<br>
                        Latin has, but it's acquired a complex system of
                        clitics, which<br>
                        Latin doesn't have. And even English, though
                        it's not as morphologically <br>
                        complex as its predecessors, has a very complex<br>
                        tense and aspect system (which non-native
                        speakers seem to find<br>
                        very hard to acquire). People tend to notice
                        morphological complexity<br>
                        because it's fairly visible, but there are many
                        other ways of being<br>
                        complex which aren't so obvious at first sight.<br>
                        <br>
                        Graham<br>
                        <br>
                        On 12/12/11 11:27, Grzegorz Chrupała wrote:<br>
                        > Dear Majid,<br>
                        ><br>
                        > On Mon, Dec 12, 2011 at 13:52, Majid
                        Laali<<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                          ymailto="mailto:mjlaali@gmail.com"
                          href="x-msg://365/mc/compose?to=mjlaali@gmail.com">mjlaali@gmail.com</a>> 
                        wrote:<br>
                        >> Dear Corpora List,<br>
                        >><br>
                        >> I am working on developing an
                        stemmer/lemmatization system for Persian.<br>
                        >> However, I am curious to know why some
                        languages like Persian, Turkish,<br>
                        >> Chinese have complex morphology system,
                        meanwhile other languages like<br>
                        >> English have much more simpler
                        morphology system.<br>
                        ><br>
                        > Actually Chinese has virtually no
                        morphology. Persian morphology is<br>
                        > also relatively simple compared to many
                        other languages (e.g. Slavic).<br>
                        ><br>
                        >> In other hand, is there<br>
                        >> any criteria caused such difference
                        like their historical change, their<br>
                        >> lexicon properties, or their type
                        (Indo-European, or more specific type like<br>
                        >> Romance)?<br>
                        >><br>
                        ><br>
                        > There is usually a trade-off between
                        complexity in the morphology and<br>
                        > complexity in the syntax. Regarding
                        historical origins, one factor<br>
                        > causing a simplification of morphology
                        seems to be creolization. But<br>
                        > of course it is only one of many factors.<br>
                        ><br>
                        > Best,<br>
                        > --<br>
                        > Grzegorz<br>
                        ><br>
                        >
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      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
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    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Mike Scott

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