<div dir="ltr"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Call for workshop papers on</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Evidentiality, Modality and Corpus Linguistics </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"><br></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"><br></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:center"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EVIDENTIALITY AND MODALITY IN</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:center"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">EUROPEAN LANGUAGES 2014 (EMEL’14)</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13pt"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:13pt"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:center">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Facultad de Filología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:center"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">6-8 October 2014</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Workshop convenors:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Dylan Glynn (Linguistique anglaise, psycholinguistique University of Paris VIII) </span><a href="mailto:dglynn@univ-pari8.fr" target="_blank" style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;line-height:13pt">dglynn@univ-pari8.fr</a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Paola Pietrandrea (University of Tours & CNRS LLL) <a href="mailto:paolapietrandrea@gmail.com" target="_blank">paolapietrandrea@gmail.com</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">M</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">ODAL</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> C</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">ATEGORIES</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">T</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">OWARDS</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">THE</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">TYPOLOGICALLY</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">VALID</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">ANNOTATION</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">OF</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:center;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">DEONTIC</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">EPISTEMIC</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">EVIDENTIAL</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">STRUCTURES</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">IN</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">NATURAL</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">LANGUAGE</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"><br>
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Submissions are invited for 20 minutes talks + 10 min. discussion.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Abstracts of 300 words (excluding references) are invited.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Please make sure the abstract contains a clear summary of the research question, the data and method and (prospective) results.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">The language of the workshop will be English.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Abstract submission deadline: 25 April 2014</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Notification of acceptance by the workshop convenors: 25 May 2014</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Notification of acceptance by the conference organisers: 26 May 2014</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Papers accepted for oral presentation due by 5 September 2014</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Registration for the workshop is done as part of the normal conference registration process:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Early bird registration opens: 1 June 2014</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Registration (full fee): 1 July 2014</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Registration closes: 7 October 2014</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Conference Fees (including coffee breaks, Wi-Fi access, and a conference pack):</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Early Bird Registration (from 1 June to 30 June 2014):</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">- Regular participants: 120 Euros</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">- Students (with valid ID): 70 Euros</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Late Registration:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">- Regular participants: 150 Euros</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">- Students (with valid ID): 100 Euros</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Call Information</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">This workshop seeks to bring together the research traditions of computational linguistics, corpus linguistics and typology in the study of modality (deontic, epistemic, evidential). More specifically, the categorisation / annotation of the different modal phenomena and the various factors with which they interact is a fundamental concern for all three approaches. Collaboration of such concerns cross the theoretical and methodological divisions and our insights from different perspectives should be to the benefit of all.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Within the computational tradition, as pointed out by Nissim <i>et al.</i> (2013), recent years have witnessed the development of annotation schemes and annotated corpora for different aspects of modality in different languages (McShane et al. (2004); Wiebe <i>et al.</i> (2005); Szarvas <i>et al.</i> (2008); Sauri and Pustejovsky (2009); Hendrickx <i>et al.</i> (2012); Baker <i>et al.</i>(2012)). While there have been efforts towards finding a common avenue for modality annotation, such as the CoNLL-2010 Shared Task, ACL thematic workshops and a special issue of Computational Linguistics (Morante and Sporleder (2012)), the computational linguistics community is still far from having developed working, shared standards for converting modality-related issues into annotation categories.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">A similar state of affairs holds for the immense quantity of research in the corpus-driven tradition in modality research where the where functionally determined annotation schemas have long been the focus of debate Most of the research in this tradition has focused on the operationalisation of the manually annotated categories, but recent years have seen the growth methods that employ inter-coder agreement measures and predictive statistical modeling. Key references include, but are not restricted to: Coates (1983); Biber & Finegan (1988, 1989); Aijmer (1997, 2013), Hunston & Thompson (1998); Krug (2000); Nuyts (2001); Mushin (2001); Tucker (2001); Scheibman (2002); Kärkkäinen (2003), Rizomilioti (2003); Facchinetti, Krug & Palmer (2003); Paradis (2003); Marín-Arrese (2004); Martin & White (2005); Simon-Vandenbergen & Aijmer (2007); Hunston (2007); Englebretson (2007); Cornillie (2007); Narrog (2008, 2012); Divjak (2010); Diewald & Smirnova (2010a); Boye (2012); Beijering (2012); Deshors (2012); and Glynn & Sjölin (2014).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">In typology, identifying and characterizing the range of modal types and their marking across the languages of the world is clearly an ongoing and immensely difficult task, which is leading towards a complete classification of modal functions and a thorough understanding of the relations holding between modal categories as well as towards an understanding of the grammatical vs. lexical nature of modal markers across languages. One such line of research where the use of corpora is gaining methodological importance is comparative linguistics. Examples of typology research in the field include: van der Auwera & Plungian (1998); Johanson & Utas (2000); Plungian (2001, 2011); Dendale & Tasmowski (2001); Squartini (2001, 2004); Aikhenvald (2004); Wiemer (2005); Wiemer & Plungjan (2008); Holvoet (2007); Xrakovskij (2007); Guentcheva & Landaburu (2007), Hansen & De Haan (2009); Boye & Harder (2009); Mortelmans <i>et al.</i> (2009); Boye (2010); Diewald & Smirnova (2010b, 2011); Mauri & Sanso’ (2012); and Abraham & Leiss (2013).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">We invite topologists, computational linguists and corpus linguists working on in the field to join our discussion on the contribution that corpus analyses can bring to the study of modality.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Ideas for research questions include but are not limited to the following:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">1. What do corpora teach us about modality? How can corpus analyses help us to refine the repertoire of modal functions? How can the analysis of (parallel) corpora help to determine cross-linguistic (typologically valid) consistency in modal categories?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">2. How do we operationalise (for annotation) non-observable (functional - conceptual) modal categories? Do current annotation schemata allow for a thorough identification of the modality and evidentiality markers existing in discourse?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">3. What methods exist (usage-feature analysis, sentiment analysis, latent semantic analysis <i>etc</i>.) for the description of modal structures?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">4. What statistical instruments of analysis do we need for accounting for the distribution of modal markers in corpora?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'"><br>
</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify;line-height:13pt"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">References</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Abraham, W. & E. Leiss (eds.). 2013. <i>Funktionen von Modalität</i>. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Aijmer, K. 1997. I think – an English modal particle. T. Swan & O. Jansen Westvik (eds.), <i>Modality in the Germanic Languages</i>, 1–48. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Aijmer, K. 2013. Analyzing modal adverbs as modal particles and discourse markers. L. Degand, B. Cornillie, P. Pietrandrea (eds.), <i>Discourse markers and modal particles: categorization and description</i>, 89-106. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Aikhenvald, Y. 2004. <i>Evidentiality</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Baker, K., B. Dorr, M. Bloodgood, C. Callison-Burch, N. Filardo, C. Piatko, L. Levin, & S. Miller. 2012. Use of modality and negation in semantically-informed syntactic MT. <i>Computational Linguistics 38</i>.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Beijering, K. 2012. Expressions of Epistmeic Modality in Mainland Scandinavian. PhD dissertation, University of Groningen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Biber, D. & E. Finegan. 1988. Adverbial stance types in English. <i>Discourse Processes</i> 11: 1–34.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Biber, D. & E. Finegan. 1989. Styles of stance in English: Lexical and grammatical marking of evidentiality and affect. <i>Text</i> 9: 93–124</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Boye, K. 2010. Semantic maps and the identification of cross-linguistic generic categories: Evidentiality and its relation to Epistemic Modality. <i>Linguistic Discovery</i> 8: 4–22.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Boye, K. 2012. <i>Epistemic Meaning. A crosslinguistic and functional-cognitive study</i>. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Boye, K. & P. Harder. 2009. Evidentiality: Linguistic categories and grammaticalization. <i>Functions of Language</i>16: 9-43.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Coates, J. 1983 <i>The Semantics of the Modal Auxiliaries</i>. London: Croom Helm</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Coates, J. 1995. The expression of root and epistemic possibility in English. J. Bybee & S. Fleischman (eds.)<i>Modality in Grammar and Discourse</i>, 55-66<i>. </i>Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Cornillie, B. 2007. Evidentiality and Epistemic Modality in Spanish (Semi-)Auxiliaries. A Cognitive-Functional Approach. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">de Haan, F. 2005. Typological approaches to modality. W. Frawley (ed.). <i>The Expression of Modality. The expression of cognitive categories</i>, 27–70. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Dendale, P. & L. Tasmowski (eds.). 2001 <i>Evidentiality </i>(Sp. ed. <i>Journal of Pragmatics</i> 33). Amsterdam: Elsevier.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Deshors, S. 2012. A multifactorial study of the uses of <i>may</i> and <i>can</i> in French-English interlanguage. PhD dissertation, University of Sussex.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Diewald, G. & E. Smirnova (eds). 2010a. <i>The Linguistic Realization of Evidentiality in European Languages</i>. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Diewald, G. & E. Smirnova, 2010b. <i>Evidentiality in German. Linguistic realization and regularities in grammaticalization</i>. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Diewald, G. & E. Smirnova (eds). 2011. <i>Modalität und Evidentialität</i>. Trier: Wissenschaftlicher Verlag.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Divjak, D. 2010. Corpus-based evidence for an idiosyncratic aspect-modality interaction in Russian. In D. Glynn & K. Fisher (eds), <i>Quantitative Methods in Cognitive Semantics: Corpus-driven Approaches</i>, 305-330. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Englebretson, R. 2007. (ed.) <i>Stancetaking in Discourse: Subjectivity, evaluation, interaction. </i>Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Facchinetti, R. & F. Palmer (eds.). 2003 <i>English Modality in Perspective: Genre analysis and contrastive. </i>Bern: Peter Lang.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Glynn, D. & M. Sjölin, (eds.) 2014.<i> Subjectivity and Epistemicity. Stance strategies in discourse and narration.</i>Lund: Lund University Press.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Guentcheva Z. et J. Landaburu (eds.), 2007.<i> L'énonciation médiatisée II - Le traitement épistémologique de l'information: illustrations amérindiennes et caucasiennes</i>,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Hansen Bj & F. De Haan. 2009. <i>Modals in the languages of Europe, a reference work.</i> Berlin: Mouton.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:30pt;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Hendrickx, I., A. Mendes, & S. Mencarelli. 2012. Modality in text: a proposal for corpus annotation. <i>Proc. of LREC’12</i>.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Holvoet, A. 2007 <i>Mood and Modality in Baltic. </i>Krakow: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagielloflskiego.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Hunston, S. & G. Thompson (eds.) 1998 <i>Evaluation in Text. Authorial stance and the construction of discourse</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Hunston, S. 2007. Using a corpus to investigate stance quantitatively and qualitatively, R. Englebretson (ed.)<i>Stancetaking in Discourse: Subjectivity, Evaluation, Interaction</i>, 27-48. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Johanson, L. & B. Utas (eds.) 2000. <i>Evidentials: Turkic, Iranian and Neighbouring Languages. </i>Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Karkkainen, E. 2003. <i>Epistemic Stance in English Conversation. A description of its interactional functions, with a focus on</i> I Think. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Krug, M. 2000. <i>Emerging English Modals: A corpus-based study of grammaticalization. </i>Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Marín-Arrese, J. 2004 (ed.) <i>Perspectives on Evidentiality and Modality in English and Spanish. </i>Madrid: Editorial Complutense.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Martin, J. & White, P. 2005. <i>Language of Evaluation. Appraisal in English</i>. London: Palgrave Macmillan</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Mauri C. & A. Sanso’. 2012. HYPERLINK "<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0388000110000963" target="_blank">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0388000110000963</a>" What do languages encode when they encode reality status? <i>Language Sciences</i> 34: 99-106.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.45pt;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">McShane, M., S. Nirenburg, & R. Zacharski. 2004. Mood and modality: out of theory and into the fray. <i>Nat. Lang. Eng </i>10: 57–89.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:35.45pt;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Morante, R. & C. Sporleder. 2012. Modality and negation: An introduction to the special issue. <i>Computational Linguistics </i>38: 223–260.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Mortelmans, T., K. Boye, & J. van der Auwera, (eds.). 2009. <i>Modals in the Languages of Europe</i>: <i>A reference work</i>. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Mushin, I. 2001. <i>Evidentiality and Epistemological Stance: Narrative retelling. </i>Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Narrog, H. 2008. <i>Modality in Japanese: The layered structure of the clause and hierarchies of functional categories</i>. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Narrog, Heiko. 2012. <i>Modality, Subjectivity, and Semantic Change A cross-linguistic perspective</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Nissim, M., P. Pietrandrea, A. Sansò, & C. Mauri. 2013. Cross-linguistic annotation of modality: a data-driven hierarchical model. Proceedings of the 9th ISO Workshop on Interoperable Semantic Annotation. Potsdam, 19-20 mars 2013.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Nuyts, J. 2001a. <i>Epistemic Modality, Language, and Conceptualization. A cognitive-pragmatic perspective</i>. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Nuyts, J. 2001b. Subjectivity as an evidential dimension in epistemic modal expressions. <i>Journal of Pragmatics</i>33: 383-400.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Paradis, C. 2003. Between epistemic modality and degree: the case of really. Facchinetti, R., Krug, M. & Palmer, F. (eds.) <i>Modality in Contemporary English</i>. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Plungian, V. 2001. The place of evidentiality within the universal grammatical space. <i>Journal of Pragmatics </i>33: 349-357.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Plungjan, V. 2011. <i>Введение в грамматическую семантику: грамматические значения и грамма-тические системы языков мира</i>. Москва: Российский государственный гуманитарный университет.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Rizomilioti, V. 2003. <i>Epistemic Modality in Academic Writing: A corpus-linguistic study. </i>PhD thesis. The University of Birmingham.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Sauri R. & J. Pustejovsky. 2012. Are you sure that this happened? Assessing the factuality degree of events in text.<i>Computational Linguistics</i>, 38: 261– 299.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Scheibman, J. 2002. <i>Point of View and Grammar: Structural patterns of subjectivity in American English conversation</i>. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Simon-Vandenbergen, A.-M. & Aijmer, K. 2007. <i>The Semantic Field of Modal Certainty</i>. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Squartini M. 2001a. The internal structure of evidentiality in Romance <i>Studies in Language </i>25: 297–334.</span></p>
<p style="font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;margin:0.1pt 0cm"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">Squartini M. </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">2004. </span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">Disentangling evidentiality and epistemic modality in Romance.<b> </b><i>Lingua </i>114: 873–895</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Szarvas, G., V. Vincze, R. Farkas, & J. Csirik. 2008. The bioscope corpus: annotation for negation, uncertainty and their scope in biomedical texts. In <i>Proc of BioNLP ’08</i>, Stroudsburg, pp. 38–45.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Tucker, G. 2001. Possibly alternative modality: a corpus-based investigation of the modal adverb <i>possibly. Functions of Language </i>8: 183-215.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">van der Auwera, J. & V. Plungian. 1998. Modality’s semantic map. <i>Linguistic Typology </i>2: 79–124.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Wärnsby, A. (De)coding Modality: The Case of <i>Must</i>, <i>May</i>, <i>Måste</i> and <i>Kan. </i>PhD Dissertation, Lund University.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Wiebe, J., T. Wilson, and C. Cardie (2005). Annotating expressions of opinions and emotions in language.<i>Language Resources and Evaluation </i>39: 165–210.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Wiemer, B. 2005. Conceptual affinities and diachronic relationships between epistemic, inferential and quotative functions. B. Hansen & P. Karlík (eds.), <i>Modality in Slavonic Languages</i>, <i>New perspectives</i>, 107–131. München: Otto Sagner.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Wiemer, B. & V. Plungjan. (eds.). 2008. <i>Lexikalische Evidenzialitätsmarker im Slavischen</i>. München: Otto Sanger.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1cm;font-size:13px;font-family:arial,sans-serif;text-align:justify"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10pt;font-family:'Times New Roman'">Xrakovskij, V. (ed.) 2007. <i>Evidencial'nost' v jazykax Evropy i Azii. Sb. statej pamjati N A.</i> <i>Kozincevoj</i>(Evidentiality in the Languages of Europe and Asia. In the memory of N. A. Kozinceva). Saint-Petersburg: Nauka.</span></p>
<div class="gmail_extra"><br></div></div>