<div dir="ltr"><div><div><div>Dear Muhammed,<br><br></div>the availability of software to aid metaphor extraction is language-dependent, with English being the best-provisioned. And of course the success or usefulness of any system depends on which definition of metaphor you are using, e.g. X is Y metaphors; vehicle terms (c.f. Cameron 2010); MIP (Pragglejaz 2007) or MIPVU (Steen et al 2010), or something else. So first of all, decide what you want to class as "metaphor", and only then start looking for software that can help you locate it.<br>
<br>There are several options available, but none are fully automatic - they will let you extract preliminary data but you will have to refine it by hand. If your data is in English (or one of the other supported languages) you can try using WMatrix <cite></cite>(<a href="http://ucrel.lacs.ac.uk/">ucrel.lacs.ac.uk/</a>) to identify contrasting semantic domains - this is a popular option for metaphor scholars, and seems to come up with reliable and convincing results.<br>
You might also have a look at the metaphor-tagged BNC-baby to see if the
way it was constructed can be of use for your purposes. <a href="http://www2.let.vu.nl/oz/metaphorlab/metcor/documentation/home.html">http://www2.let.vu.nl/oz/metaphorlab/metcor/documentation/home.html</a> (
it adheres to the MIP / MIPVU view that metaphor is anything that isn't
the "central or basic" meaning of a word, though, which means it counts
prepositions as metaphors too. You may or may not find that useful for
your purposes)<br><br>If the language of your corpus is not English, you may find things a bit more difficult. I had some success with italian data, extracting key-word listings and grouping them semantically (by hand) then comparing content-word groupings to the key words (Philip 2010, 2012). This procedure can only work if your corpus is domain-specific, i.e. if the topics it contains are restricted in scope, because only in that was is it possible to identify non-topic related vocabulary as potentially metaphorical.<br>
<br></div>As a last resort, you could always read your corpus, manually tag it, then work from the tags. But I guess you're trying to avoid that option.<br><br></div>hope this helps,<br>Gill <br><br>
<p class=""><span lang="EN-GB">Gill Philip</span><span style lang="EN-GB">. </span><span lang="EN-GB">2010.</span><span style lang="EN-GB"> </span><span lang="EN-GB">Metaphorical
keyness in specialised corpora</span><span style lang="EN-GB">. </span><span lang="EN-GB">In: Marina Bondi and Mike Scott (eds.), <a href="https://benjamins.com/#catalog/books/scl.41"><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none">Keyness in Texts .</span></a> (pp.
185–204) </span></p>
<p class=""><span style lang="EN-US">Gill
Philip. </span><span lang="EN-GB">2012. Locating metaphor candidates in
specialized corpora using raw frequency and keyword lists. In: Fiona MacArthur,
José Luis Oncins-Martínez, Manuel Sánchez-García and Ana María Piquer-Píriz
(eds.), Metaphor in Use: Context, culture, and communication. (pp. 85–106)</span></p>
<br></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On 16 May 2014 18:18, Asim Rai <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:masimrai@gmail.com" target="_blank">masimrai@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div dir="ltr"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Dear Fellows</span><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">I am Dr Asim form Pakistan.</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">
I am currently working on a research where I need to identify the metaphors in my corpus of approximately 2.5 million words.</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Is there any software which may help in Metaphor identification</div>
<div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br></div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Any help would be appreciated.</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br>
</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Best</div><div style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Dr Muhammad Asim Mahmood</div></div>
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<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>*********************************<br>Dr. Gill Philip<br>Università degli Studi di Macerata<br>Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione, dei Beni Culturali, e del Turismo<br>
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