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Critical Discourse Analysis is (of course) NOT limited to the study of written/printed
texts, and perfectly compatible with ethnographic methods. <br>
<br>
CDA is <i>not</i> a 'method' of research but rather a perspective or movement
in discourse studies that prefers to focus on (for instance) the study of
the reproduction of forms of power abuse through text and talk. Therefore,
such a critical perspective can be combined with almost all other approaches
or methods, such as conversation analysis, discursive psychology, discourse
grammar, genre theory, stylistics, rhetoric, pragmatics, interactional sociolinguistics,
as well as argumentation and narrative analysis, among a host of other approaches,
including of course (various kinds of) ethnography. <br>
<br>
Ethnography, incidentally, is not necessarily limited to a study of written
texts. One can do an ethnography of news production routines, for instance,
by studying the discursive practices of journalists and their interaction
with sources, and such a study would include both a study of conversational
interactions as well as of written texts gathered and used by journalists.
Many other possible ethnographies of this kind come to mind, e.g. of institutions,
organizations, bureaucracies, and so on.<br>
<br>
Ruth Wodak and her team in Vienna has conducted several critical ethnographic
studies of talk (and text) of antisemitism, racism and nationalism in Austria,
of discourses on unemployment in the Brussels bureaucracy, and so on. See
e.g. the many books that resulted from the Wittgenstein project she directed
the last 6 years. A report of that project can be obtained from directly
from her: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:ruth.wodak@univie.ac.at">ruth.wodak@univie.ac.at</a>.<br>
<br>
Then there is much of the work of Ron and Suzanne Scollon (Georgetown) that
combines ethnography with a critical perspective. See Ron Scollon's homepage:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/scollonr">http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/scollonr</a>.<br>
<br>
In several of the recent books of Alessandro Duranti (UCLA) on linguistic
anthropology you can find references to work that combines ethnography with
forms of critical discourse analysis, for instance on political discourse.
See his homepage for details: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/duranti">http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/duranti</a>.
See also Bambi Schieffelin on linguistic ideologies, Elinor Ochs on gender
(for details see her homepage: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/al/ochs.html">http://www.humnet.ucla.edu/humnet/al/ochs.html</a>).
See also the work of Michael Agar. <br>
<br>
There is work on gender and discourse that takes a critical perspective also
uses ethnographic approaches: see the (many) articles in DISCOURSE &
SOCIETY, and the bibliography of (e.g.) Mary Bucholtz, among many (see e.g.
Mary Bucholtz page with many references: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/faculty/bucholtz/">http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/faculty/bucholtz/</a><br>
<br>
Not all this work is explicitly conducted under the explicit label of CDA,
but precisely because CDA is not a method, or school, or sect, etc. but a
perspective or an attitude, much work done in other areas and approaches
could perfectly well be qualified as a form of CDA, in my opinion. <br>
<br>
My own earlier work on conversation, storytelling and other discourses on
immigration and minorities also combined a CDA approach with a more ethnographic
account of how people in various neighborhoods in Amsterdam and San Diego
talk about immigration. See my publication list on my internet site.<br>
<br>
There is MUCH more -- but these are only some suggestions. <br>
<br>
I hope this is helpful.<br>
<br>
Teun<br>
<br>
___________________________<br>
<br>
Teun A. van Dijk<br>
Universitat Pompeu Fabra<br>
Departament de Traducció i Filologia<br>
La Rambla 32<br>
08002 Barcelona, Spain<br>
<br>
E-mail: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:teun@discourse-in-society.org">teun@discourse-in-society.org</a><br>
Internet: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.discourse-in-society.org">www.discourse-in-society.org</a><br>
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