<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">RECENTLY RECORDED MATERIALS<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>ON THE KUSUNDA LANGUAGE</SPAN></B><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[1]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">
<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: center 3.0in right 6.0in"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>The Fifth Harvard Roundtable on <SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"></SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<H1 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3>Ethnogenesis of South and Central Asia<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></H1>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Cambridge<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>MA, USA<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><o:p></o:p></B></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">May 10 - 11, 2003</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right" align=right><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>B.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>K. Rana</FONT></SPAN></B><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftn2" name=_ftnref2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[2]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right" align=right><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3>[PROVISIONAL HANDOUT NOT FOR PUBLICATION]<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3> <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Kusundas</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">, previously foraging people around the Himalayas; believed to be remnants of some broken tribe during the great transitional eras of society are<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>‘deemed very precious by all the real students of ethnology<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>with ethnic facts of high values.’ [Hodgson 1857]. These peoples are now nearing extinction. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Population </SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">164 in total.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Male 85 and female 79. Speakers 87 [National Population Census Report 2002/www.cbs.gov.np], however, differences persist against the report. After the discovery of Raja Mama [Kusunda] in<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>February 2000, there is<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>a reasonable awareness among the<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Kusundas. Thus the number seems to have considerably increased than our previous estimate around 50 in total. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="mso-spacerun:
yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Kusunda language</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> is enormously important. It is not yet<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>fully studied and classified.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Ethnologue declared this language dead in 1985 [<SPAN style="COLOR: black">http://www.ethnologue.com/country_index.asp</SPAN>]. Below are some of the most recent data on this language.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Agricultural Products:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">ipan= maize [ <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">makai </I>(Np)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">sisin=paddy/rice [<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">dhan </I>(Np)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kharubau = wheat [<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">gahu </I>(Np) <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">rankumame = millet<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[ <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">kodo<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></I>(Np)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">gisakala= oat<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">jau </I>(Np)] <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">paizo abok= pulses<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[ <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">dal </I><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(Np)]<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">uthomame = millet<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">phapar </I>(Np)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kapang = turmeric<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[ <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">besar </I>(Np)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">waigai = ginger<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[ <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">aduwa</I><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(Np)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">began= chili [ <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">khursani </I>(Np)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">olang= sugar<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">chini (</I>Np)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">jakau=<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>a kind of herb with pungent smell [ <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">timmur </I>(Np)<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">xanthroxylum alatum ( G</SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">k )]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">ramkanda=pumkin (<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">pharsi </I>( Nep)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">lankan = cucumber<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">kakro </I>Nep)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">mako=<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>a part of<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>arum lily, the root of which is eaten [<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">pidalu</I> ) <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">caladium arumaciae </I>(Gk)]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Caste/Tribal names :<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">yagambu = Magar [<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>one of the <B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">Janajatis</B></SPAN><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftn3" name=_ftnref3><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[3]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> { indigenous peoples} as: Rana, <SPAN style="mso-tab-count:
1"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN>Thapa,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Ale, Buda.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Pun, Budhathoki, Roka etc.]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">inwak= Brahman/Bahun [Upaddhya, Jaisi]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">raksa = Chhetriya /Khas Chhetri/ Thakuri Chhetri<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kaubade =<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Kami [blacksmith -<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">Dalit</B></SPAN><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftn4" name=_ftnref4><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[4]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-text-raise: 3.0pt"> - </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>untouchable</SPAN><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftn5" name=_ftnref5><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[5]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> Shudra] <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">inaurat = Tharu ( the other ethnic people in the Terai of Nepal)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">danjila=<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Badi [ singer/dancer - untouchable Shudra ]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">ignited=<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Sarki [ cobbler - untouchable Shudra]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">paitawa =<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Darjee /Damai<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[ tailor -<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Dalit untouchable Shudra ] <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">jantal=<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Gaine<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[bard -<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Dalit untouchable Shudra]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">gemyhak =<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Thakuri [ King/Raza]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Colors:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kharugan = red<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kapangan=yellow <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">sokchhogaram = black<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kairoga=purple<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">hariwan=green<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">neelwan=blue<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kasigan/kasiki= white<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Verbs:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kisagan = to cut<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">rangu = to get angry <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">gaman = to eat <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">aga=<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>to come<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">gepanagu = to talk<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">yuagu = to<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>sleep<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">hapagu gaman= to eat[baked]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">hulagu<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>,,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>= to eat [cooked]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">dagai = went<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">tagai = to go<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">agai = to come<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">yanagan =<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>to<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>defecate<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kachhago= to tear<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">hangnu= to sit<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kyuago = to scratch<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">seago/chimago= to wash<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Adverbs:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">ping = in front of<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">angze = above<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kujang = less/little<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">mane/mony = many<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">malang = slow<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">siba = fast<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">easta = near<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">huntung = far<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Adjectives :<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">hunkai = small<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">khoyet= dumb<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">khombogai= insane<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">puhut= hot<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">yakhau = cold<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">uhin = good/nice<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">kolam =<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>bad/ugly<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Sentences:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">1. hampe<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>nagan ?. </SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>where<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>to go ?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">2. hampe nugun</SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> ?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">where [have] you come from ?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>3. nu rangu [ kambukai rangu ?]</SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>you are angry<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">4. aaitphera gepanago</SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">again<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>speak<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[tell me]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">5. ghasagaman [ghasa +gaman]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">cigarette smoking<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">6. kisagan<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>lappa<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>dagai <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>cut<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>blood<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>went <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">7. <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">gelong ja put agan<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>jungle<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>fire<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[smoke]<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>came<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">8. malang<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>anin<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>slow<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>do not [be]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">9. <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">siba<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>aga</I><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>quick<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>come [you]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">10. <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">nulumbuagan<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>nu lumbu + agan<o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>men<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>fight<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>start<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">11. <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">ipan khaugo<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>maize<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>bake [to]<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>prepare popcorn<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Some Observations:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">1<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">) </B>ipan <B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></B>(maize<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">), </B>sisin<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">, </B>(paddy<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">), </B>kharubau<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"> </B>(wheat)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>etc.<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"> </B>in Kusunda cannot be found in<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>other TB languages .<B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><o:p></o:p></B></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">2) </SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Kusundas have their own words<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>for a particular group of peoples in their neighborhood. However,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>some other<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>group of peoples<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>also have such names for example : <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">katha </I>or <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">katte</I> for Brahmins,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">khas</I> or <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">khasiya</I> for Chhetriyas, <I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">kode </I><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>for Newars, <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">kiruwa </I>for Rais <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">bhote</I> for most Himalayan peoples. But these are all Nepali words and are for derogative usage.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>What is interesting here is<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>that such Kusunda<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>words are not for any derogatory meaning. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">3) Most Kusunda verbs are found with<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>‘ agan, aman, ago, agai,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>agu, ugun’ etc. prefixes. These prefixes determine tense of a particular verb as ‘kisa+agan’=<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>to cut, yan+agan’ = to defecate, ‘ga+man’ = to eat , tu+gun = come [V3 or past participle], ta+gai to go<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>[base or V1], da+gai[goV2 or past ], da+gan = going [progressive or + ing form] etc. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">4) Color<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>words for<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>red and yellow have ‘agan’ prefix as ‘kharugan = red’ and ‘kapangan = yellow’ and ‘wan’<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>for green and blue as<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>in ‘hariwan’ and’neelwan’. These ‘hariwan and neelwan’ have Sanskrit roots.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Annex 1:<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Origin Story of Kusundas</SPAN></B><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftn6" name=_ftnref6><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[6]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></B></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">1. /<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">hancaa?i cinda mong-andi daahat gitaak ci?nda /</I><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>firstly<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>that<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>king-to<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>three<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>children<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>were<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">2.<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"> /taaina?<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>isyi<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>naha mong<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>wa?aaid-ai gidi duguci mizar<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></I><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">then<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>there<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>from<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>king<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>die -(v)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>his<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>son eldest<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">mong dhanzigan/</SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">king became.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">3. /<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">na mong-a-nun keti kam-ai/</I><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>this king -?- (v) field<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>work (v)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">4. /t<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">ainaa<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>qaadi<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>ug-uo-da/ waaci watudan/</I><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>then<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>paddy come up not, bushes grew<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">5. <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">/qapiraa<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>mahi<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>mudadi-g-ai<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>aambugatan wet-uoda/</I><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>and<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>water buffalo<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>milk- he- (v)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>milk<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>come not.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>/qapiraa<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>mudada-ai<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>uyu<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>watan/</I><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>and<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>milk - (v)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>blood<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>come-out.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">6. <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">/qapiraa gidaa-nun iyan-da zingia arzigan/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">and<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>he -(p)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>leg -on<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>oil<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>rub<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">7.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>/<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">paasidai naatu mihaa? waad-ai/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">black<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>like<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>man<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>come-out -(v)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">8. /<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">mizut<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>manzala-nun aa?-zi/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>younger (brother)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>second - (p) say -(v)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">9.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>/<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">mam<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>nu<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>natan<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>kamanan anu-n-na<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">brother<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>you<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>whatever<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>work<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>do- you - ?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>wein<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>ag-uoda/<o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">good<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>is not.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">10.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>/<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">nu<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>raaza<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>daanzi-nu yi?aaninu/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">you<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>king<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>remain<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>you<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>can not<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">11. / <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">nu<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>gilong<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>dazi haau-nu yotata?a-zi pa?adaan-zi/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>you<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>forest<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>live<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>go -you<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>beg-(v)<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>hunt- (vi)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">12. <I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">/taina gilong-da mihaa? isyi naha ugi/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">then<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>jungle -in<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>man<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>there<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>from come<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">13. /<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">manzala<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>paalo ugan raaza gua/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>second<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>son<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>turn<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>come king<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>be<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">14. /<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">manzala kaam<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>agandan kanianzi wein agan/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>second son work<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>done<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>all<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>good<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>become<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">15. /<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">sambaga manzala raaza git baha dambagan/<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></I><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">thus<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>second son<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>king he<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>firm<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>got<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">16<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>mong-nun candi puza<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>agandan<o:p></o:p></I></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>king<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Chandi<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>worship done.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">*****<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV style="mso-element: footnote-list"><BR clear=all>
<HR align=left width="33%" SIZE=1>
<DIV id=ftn1 style="mso-element: footnote">
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftnref1" name=_ftn1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[1]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>This handout is in sequel to my paper presented to the Fourth Harvard Roundtable on <B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">Ethnogenesis of South and Central Asia -</B> May 11 -13, 2002 [http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu./~witzel/kusunda.htm, <A
href="http://vedavid.org/rana">http://vedavid.org/rana</A>]</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> ,<A href="http://nepalresearch.org/publications/kusunda_materials.pdf"><FONT color=#800080>http://nepalresearch.org/publications/kusunda_materials.pdf</FONT></A>. </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">This work is not completely accomplished. We need more time to fully understand the language.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV id=ftn2 style="mso-element: footnote">
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftnref2" name=_ftn2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[2]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> This<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>handout includes most recently recorded materials from the field [ April 16 - 23, 2003]<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">however, some other from the paper mentioned above can be found in it <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Saturday, May 10, 2003<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV id=ftn3 style="mso-element: footnote">
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftnref3" name=_ftn3><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[3]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Janajatis</I> are those peoples who have their own mother tongue and culture but who<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>do not fall in the four fold Hindu caste hierarchy of Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaisya and Shudra. His Majesty’s
Government of Nepal<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>has recognized 59 different<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Janajatis<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>in Nepal . <B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">Kusunda</B> is one of them.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV id=ftn4 style="mso-element: footnote">
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftnref4" name=_ftn4><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[4]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> The peoples of Indo-Aryan descent, language and culture: who fall in Shudra category within Hindu caste hierarchy ,are generally known<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>as the <B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Dalits</I></B> of Nepal. ( Please see Ambedkar ). The government
has recognized 21 different Dalits in Nepal. Dalits , more specifically,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>are ‘dehumanized, exploited, oppressed<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>and suppressed ‘in the<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>contemporary societies. Literally Dalits suggest - ‘ground people’ between social mortars, sunken in swamps’ metaphorically and coming out of which is difficult<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>and grudging, if not impossible.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV id=ftn5 style="mso-element: footnote">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftnref5" name=_ftn5><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[5]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> There is a need for clarity as to what Dalit means in current context. It was the Muluki Ain (Civil Code 1854) that gave a legal basis to caste hierarchy in Nepalese society. The first category grouped ethnic/caste groups as 1) Water Acceptable, and 2) Water Unacceptable or Untouchable. The Water Acceptable were sub-categorized as:
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-INDENT: 45pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">a)<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Thread-wearer,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">b)<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Non-enslavable Matawali and <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; tab-stops: list .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">c)<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Enslavable Matawali<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Matawali literally means alcohol drinkers and can be equated with tribal ethnic or Janajatis. The Water Unacceptable were also sub-classified into two: (a) Water purification unnecessary, and (b) Water-purification necessary. The Country Code or Muluki Ain (1854) was revised in 1963 but the democratic Constitution of 1990 labels Nepal as Hindu Kingdom and untouchability remains a fact of every day discrimination. The Country Code did not have the words such as a Dalit and Janajati, which are frequently in much currency. The word Dalit has been commonly used to refer to the Water Unacceptable or impure or Untouchables.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<DIV id=ftn6 style="mso-element: footnote">
<P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6" href="http://us.f603.mail.yahoo.com/ym/Compose?box=Inbox&Mid=4766_3806513_216832_2283_2976_0_7108_6193_3926770575&inc=&Search=&YY=55397&order=down&sort=date&pos=0&view=a&head=b#_ftnref6" name=_ftn6><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><FONT color=#800080>[6]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> ‘A Preliminary Linguistic Analysis and Vocabulary of the Kusunda Language’ by<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Johan Reinhard and Sueyoshi Toba, Summer institute of Linguistics, Tribhuvan University, Nepal. September 1970<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV><p><hr SIZE=1>
Do you Yahoo!?<br>
Yahoo! Search - <a href="http://search.yahoo.com/?fr=ad-mailsig-home">Find what you’re looking for faster.</a>