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<DIV>The Paraguayan Guaraní future marker –ta:<BR>Formal semantics and
cross-linguistic comparison<BR>By Judith Tonhauser<BR><A href="http://www.ling.ohio-state.edu/~judith/Tonhauser-TAL.pdf">http://www.ling.<WBR>ohio-state.<WBR>edu/~judith/<WBR>Tonhauser-<WBR>TAL.pdf</A><BR><BR>To
conclude, future markers differ cross-linguisticall<WBR>y in (i) which modal
meanings they<BR>are compatible with (or entail), and (ii) whether future time
reference is entailed or not.<BR>Comparing the temporal and modal meanings of
English will/would, St'át'imcets kelh and<BR>Guaraní –ta shows that the meaning
of –ta is the most restrictive of these future markers<BR>since –ta, unlike
will/would, entails future time reference and is only compatible with
the<BR>modal meanings of intention and prediction/expectat<WBR>ion, and, unlike
kelh, only has<BR>universal quantificational force. Thus, exploring the
semantics of Guaraní –ta has<BR>revealed yet another way in which future time
reference and modal meaning can be<BR>bundled together in a natural language
future marker. This result from Guaraní contributes to our (growing) picture of
what is (im)possible in (future) temporal and modal reference in natural
languages. Many more detailed formal semantic studies of future markers in a
typologically diverse set of languages are needed, however, to develop truly
crosslinguistic theories of (temporal) semantics and assess the cross-linguistic
applicability of existing theories.<BR><BR>to appear in R. Musan & M.
Rathert (eds.) Tense Across Languages<BR></DIV>
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