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<p>While we're at it note please Yahgan apvrinix/apvranix (v schwa) 'star', wvm 'louse', ka:main 'arm' , tun 'tooth'. I've connected Yahgan to Salishan, perhaps someone might want to compare these to Taruma, Chibchan? See also <span style="font-size: 9.5pt;">pedra - <b>ápe, Yahgan aui, </b></span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;">caminho
- <b>áfe, áfea, Yahgan wa:, wvhyan; </b></span><span style="font-size: 9.5pt;">terra - <b>dúdu, Yahgan tvntu:ku: ; <br><br>Jess Tauber<br></b></span><br><br> <br><blockquote style="margin-left: 0px;border-left: #0000ff 2px solid;font-weight: normal;font-style: normal;text-decoration: none;font-size: 10pt;font-family: arial,sans-serif;color: black;">-----Original Message-----
<br>From: "Marcelo Jolkesky marjolkesky@yahoo.com.br [etnolinguistica]" <etnolinguistica>
<br>Sent: Feb 23, 2015 12:24 PM
<br>To: etnolinguistica@yahoogrupos.com.br
<br>Subject: Res: Re: [etnolinguistica] Taruma?
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<p></p><div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:14px;"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_85432" dir="ltr">Olá Sérgio,</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_86287" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_86286" dir="ltr">Há uma série de paralelos lexicais muito interessantes entre o Taruma e as línguas da família Chibcha. Matthias Pache, Eithne Carlin e eu vamos apresentar uma comunicação na 48ª Reunião Anual da Societas Europaea Linguistica, na qual avaliaremos a natureza destas semelhanças. Existe, neste sentido, a possibilidade de que o Taruma seja uma língua Chibcha. O Abstract desta comunicação segue abaixo.</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_86447" dir="ltr">Um abraço,</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_86582" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_86581" dir="ltr">Marcelo</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295938" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295937" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295929" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295899" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;text-align: center;" align="center"><b id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295898"><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295897" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295896" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-US">Exploring the possibilities of a
link between Taruma and the Chibchan language family</span></font></b></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295895" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295894" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;" dir="ltr"><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295928" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295927" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295851" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295956"> </span></span>Marcelo Jolkesky (Universidade de Brasília), </span></font><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295923" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295922" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">Matthias Pache (Universiteit Leiden), </span></font><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295926" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295925" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">Eithne Carlin (Universiteit Leiden)</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295893" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295888" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295887" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295886" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295851" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295956"> </span></span>From a linguistic point of view, South America is certainly one of the
most diverse parts of the world. For the eastern part of the continent the
widespread Arawak, Cariban, Tupian, and Guaycuruan language families have
already been established in the 18<sup>th</sup> century (see Gilij 1782). At
present most of classificatory work still remains to be done in the western
part of South America (see Adelaar & Muysken 2004:22-3). Nonetheless, this
does not mean that no unexpected linguistic connections can be discovered for
languages spoken in eastern South America. </span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295853" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295852" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295851" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295956"> </span>In this talk, we
propose to compare Taruma, a language isolate from Guyana (formerly also spoken
in northern Brazil), with the Chibchan language family, spoken in an area
covering both northern South America and Central America. Chibchan languages
have been compared with many different languages and language families of
North, Meso- and South America (see, e.g., Jijón y Caamaño 1940-5, Greenberg
1987). Presenting data from Taruma, Loukotka (1949:58) parenthetically mentions
two lexemes which resemble Chibchan forms, which he assumes to be possible
borrowings in Taruma due to Chibchan influence. Nonetheless, the possibility
and the nature of a<span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295973"> </span>connection of
Chibchan and Taruma has never been <span>assessed
more systematically</span>. This is astonishing, since there are some
intriguing parallels attested in basic vocabulary indeed. Compare, for
instance, Proto-Chibchan /*kṹ/ ‘louse’ (Constenla Umaña 1981:397), Taruma <i><span style="font-style: italic;">gu</span></i>
‘louse’; Proto-Chibchan /*bÌ-/ ‘star’ (Constenla Umaña 1981:416), Taruma <i id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295868"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295867" style="font-style: italic;">ɸiira</span></i> ‘star’; Proto-Chibcha /*kuí/ ‘arm’ (Constenla Umaña
361), Taruma <i id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295866"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295865" style="font-style: italic;">a-kuo</span></i> ‘arm’; Proto-Chibchan /*tu/
‘tooth’ (Constenla Umaña 1981:424) (> Dorasque su ‘tooth’ (Lehmann 1920:163)),
Taruma <i id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295879"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295878" style="font-style: italic;">a-su</span></i> ‘tooth’; Proto-Chibchan /*dù/
‘bird’ (Constenla Umaña 1981:365) (> Dorasque <i id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295870"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295869" style="font-style: italic;">dul</span></i>
‘bird’ (Lehmann 1920:163), Atanques <i><span style="font-style: italic;">súri</span></i> ‘bird’
(Celedón 1892:592)), Taruma <i><span style="font-style: italic;">zuri</span></i> ‘bird’; Proto-Chibchan
/*akIkI/ ‘old’ (Constenla Umaña 1981:403), Taruma <i id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295881"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295880" style="font-style: italic;">agigi</span></i>
‘grandmother’.</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295816" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295815" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295814" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US"><span> </span>Parallels like these
beg for further investigation. This talk discusses the possibility and the
nature of a link between Taruma and Chibchan languages, mainly considering
lexical data. In order to assess the parallels, the methods applied here are internal
reconstruction and the comparative method.</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295812" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295813" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US"> </span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295855" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295817" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">References:</span></font></div><div dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295846" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">Adelaar, Willem F. H. with the collaboration of Pieter C. Muysken. 2004.
The Languages of the Andes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295818" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">C</span></font><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">eledón, Rafael. </span></font><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295820" face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295819" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;" lang="ES-AR">1892.
Vocabulario de la lengua de Atanques. In Actas del 8 Congreso Internacional de
Americanistas, 591-599. </span></font><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;" lang="EN-US">Paris.</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295825" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295845" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295844" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">Constenla Umaña, Adolfo. 1981.Comparative Chibchan Phonology. Ph.D.
dissertation, University of Pennsylvania. </span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295833" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295809" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295808" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="ES-AR">Gilij, Filippo Salvadore. 1782. Saggio di storia Americana o sia storia
naturale, civile, e sacra. De’regni, e delle provincie Spagnuole di Terra-ferma
n’ell America meridionale. Tomo III. Della religione, e delle lingue degli
Orinochesi, e di altri Americani. </span></font><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295991" face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295990" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;" lang="EN-US">Rome:
Luigi Perego Erede Salvioni.</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295983" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295806" face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295805" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">Greenberg, Joseph H. 1987. Language in the Americas. Stanford: Stanford
University Press.</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295804" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="EN-US">Jijón y Caamaño, Jacinto. </span></font><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295800" face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295799" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;" lang="ES-AR">1940–1945.
El Ecuador interandino y occidental antes de la conquista castellana. </span></font><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;" lang="DE">Quito: Editorial Ecuatoriana.</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295984" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="DE">Lehmann,
Walther. 1920. Zentral-Amerika: Die Sprachen Zentral-Amerikas. </span></font><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;" lang="FR">(I.) Berlin: Dietrich Reimer.</span></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_295985" dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;font-size: 11pt;" lang="FR">Loukotka,
Čestmír. 1949. La langue Taruma. Journal de la Société des Américanistes, 38:
53-65</span></font></div><div dir="ltr"><font size="3">
</font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1424699877159_130338" dir="ltr"><br></div></div><p></p>
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</html>
<!-- end group email -->