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<p><br>
<br>
Return of the Digamma?<br>
<br>
<a href="http://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Ancient_Greek_Wikipedia_logo.png">http://incubator.<wbr>wikimedia.<wbr>org/wiki/<wbr>Image:Ancient_<wbr>Greek_Wikipedia_<wbr>logo.p\<br>
ng</a><br>
<<a href="http://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Ancient_Greek_Wikipedia_logo.png">http://incubator.<wbr>wikimedia.<wbr>org/wiki/<wbr>Image:Ancient_<wbr>Greek_Wikipedia_<wbr>logo.\<br>
png</a>><br>
<br>
--- In <a href="mailto:gothic-l%40yahoogroups.com">gothic-l@yahoogroup<wbr>s.com</a>, "llama_nom" <penterakt@.<wbr>..> wrote:<br>
><br>
><br>
> Hi Sean,<br>
><br>
> The Gothic symbol for 90 comes from the Greek alphabet, where it was<br>
> called KOPPA. Greek preserved certain archaic letters as numbers,<br>
> although by the time of Wulfila, these had long ceased to be used as<br>
> letters. Some corresponded to sounds which had once existed in Greek<br>
> but later disappeared - e.g. DIGAMMA, orgiginally called WAU, which<br>
> looks like F in the Roman alphabet, and came between epsilon & zeta,<br>
> but stood for /w/. Digamma had the numerical value 6, and<br>
> corresponds to Gothic *QAIRTHRA.<br>
><br>
> KOPPA looks similar to the Gothic sign for 90. It was never a<br>
> distinct phoneme in Greek, but was taken along with the other letters<br>
> from Phoenecian, where it stood for the uvular plosive /q/ (Compare<br>
> the Hebrew QOPH/KUF and Arabic QAF). In Greek it was at first used<br>
> for /k/ before back vowels, but eventually replaced by KAPPA, and<br>
> only survived as a numeral. (Modern Greek however has replaced the<br>
> old numeral KOPPA with Z.) Our Q (q) has the same origin, and the<br>
> same place in the alphabet, between P and R.<br>
><br>
> The other purely numerical sign in Gothic, which looks like the runic<br>
> T, is in fact derived from the archaic Greek letter SAMPI, which may<br>
> once have had the values /ks/ or /ss/, but survived into Classical<br>
> times only as the number 900. This was probably a Greek invention,<br>
> hence its position at the end of the alphabet - although it might<br>
> have been based on an earlier Phoenecian-derived letter SAN.<br>
><br>
> I don't think that koppa/90 would have had the name AIHWS 'horse'<br>
> (<Germanic *ehwaz), since this is already taken by the fifth letter,<br>
> E, according to the Vienna-Salzburg codex (?10th century), where the<br>
> name is spelt phonetically in Roman characters: EYZ. Given the<br>
> resemblance of the 900 symbol to the T-rune, I guess that might have<br>
> been called *TIUS (the Gothic cognate of the Norse & Old English<br>
> names for that rune). But I don't know. Maybe the Greek names were<br>
> borrowed. Or maybe new Gothic names were invented based on their<br>
> previous sound values in Greek, or the values they were supposed to<br>
> have had...<br>
><br>
> You can find more details on archaic Greek letters here:<br>
><br>
> <a href="http://ptolemy.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/unicode/nonattic.html">http://ptolemy.<wbr>tlg.uci.edu/<wbr>~opoudjis/<wbr>unicode/nonattic<wbr>.html</a><br>
> <a href="http://ptolemy.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/unicode/numerals.html">http://ptolemy.<wbr>tlg.uci.edu/<wbr>~opoudjis/<wbr>unicode/numerals<wbr>.html</a><br>
><br>
> ...or by doing a search for KOPPA, SAN, SAMPI and DIGAMMA.<br>
><br>
><br>
> And for a good comparative table of runes, including the Gothic names:<br>
> <a href="http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/didact/idg/germ/runennam.htm">http://titus.<wbr>fkidg1.uni-<wbr>frankfurt.<wbr>de/didact/<wbr>idg/germ/<wbr>runennam.<wbr>htm</a><br>
><br>
><br>
> Llama Nom <<<br>
<br>
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]<br>
<br>
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