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<p>Greetings all,<br>
<br>
My name is Aydan, I just joined the list but have long been <br>
interested in proto-Germanic culture.<br>
<br>
I have a question which I'm hoping my better informed list members <br>
can help me with:<br>
<br>
I'm struggling with the etymology of the Bavarian names for Teusday <br>
(Ertag, Erichtag, Irtag, etc) and am hoping someone can shed some <br>
light on the issue.<br>
<br>
The following is taken from Jacob Grimm's Teutonic Mythology, chapter<br>
9. Notes in [[ ... ]] are taken from Grimm's footnotes or Supplement<br>
section.<br>
<br>
<begin quoted section><br>
<br>
Still more plainly are High German races, especially the Bavarian<br>
(Marcomannic) pointed to by that singular name for the third day of<br>
the week, Ertag, Iertag, Iertag, Irtag, Eritag, Erchtag, Erichtag,<br>
which answers to the rune Eor.<br>
<br>
True, the compound Ertac lacks the genetive ending -s which is<br>
preserved in Ziestac, and I have not been so fortunate as to hunt up<br>
an Erestac (In a passage from Keisersberg quoted by Schm. 1, 97, it<br>
is spelt Eristag, apparently to favour the derivation from 'dies<br>
aeris.') in the older records of the 13-14 centuries; nevertheless<br>
the coincidence of the double names for the day and for the rune<br>
should be conclusive here, and we must suppose an OHG. Erestac, to<br>
match the Eresberg.<br>
<br>
((Grimm compares Zio to Zeus and then states:))<br>
we see at a glance that Eor, Er, Ear, is one with Arhj the son of<br>
Zeus;<br>
<br>
Have we any means now left of getting at the sense of this obscure<br>
root Eor?<br>
The description of the rune in the AS. poem gives only a slight hint,<br>
it runs thus:<br>
<br>
Eor is horrible to every knight,<br>
when the corpse quickly begins to cool<br>
and is laid in the bosom of the dark earth.<br>
Prosperity declines, happiness passes away<br>
and covenants are broken.<br>
<br>
or<br>
<br>
Earth is loathsome to each nobleman,<br>
when flesh firmly tries to choose the ground,<br>
fallen fruits as bedmates,<br>
joy vanishes,<br>
man turns traitor.<br>
((Rune poem translations not from Grimm)<br>
<br>
The description is of death coming on, and earthly joys dropping off;<br>
but who can that be, that at such a time is burdensome (egle, ail-<br>
some) to men? The ordinary meaning of ear, spica, arista, can be of<br>
no use here; I suppose that approaching dissolution, a personified<br>
death is to be understood, from which a transition to the destructive<br>
god of battles, the brotoluigÒj, miaifÒnoj Arhj , is easy to<br>
conceive. [[ Or, without the need of any transition, Ear might at<br>
once be Ares: 'war is burdensome in old age'.]]<br>
<br>
Arhj itself is used abstractly by the Greeks for destruction, murder,<br>
pestilence, just as our Wuotan is for furor and belli impetus.<br>
<br>
<end quoted section><br>
<br>
To follow up, I copied the next bit from the archives of this list:<br>
<br>
<start section><br>
<br>
several weekdays names were borrowed by the Goths from the Greek in a<br>
manner like this:<br>
<br>
ARHOS hHMERA "the day of Ares" > *Arjaus dags or *Areins dags > OB<br>
erintag > NB ertag, erchtag, ergetag, irtag, irchtag<br>
<br>
PEMPTH hHMERA "the fifth day" (> via a colloquial compound<br>
*PENTHMERA - ?) > *paintedags > still more "Gothicized" *pintadags ><br>
NB pfinztag, pfünztag<br>
<br>
PARASKEUH "(the day of) preparation" > paraskaiwe (Mc 15:42) ><br>
*pareinsdags > OB pferintag<br>
<br>
SABBATOU hHMERA "the day of Sabbath" > sabbato dags (Mc 2:27 et<br>
passim) > *sambatadags > OB sambaztag > NHG Samstag<br>
<br>
<end section><br>
<br>
How well supported is the the progression of ARHOS hHMERA > *Arjaus <br>
dags or *Areins dags > OB erintag > NB ertag, erchtag, ergetag, <br>
irtag, irchtag ... ???<br>
I'm curious as to how these Bavarian names descend from the Greek <br>
Ares rather than the Latin Mars.<br>
<br>
Thanks in advance for any ideas or help!<br>
-Aydan<br>
<br>
</p>
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