<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body style="background-color: #fff;">
<span style="display:none"> </span>
<!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlStartT|**|-~-->
<div id="ygrp-mlmsg" style="position:relative;">
<div id="ygrp-msg" style="z-index: 1;">
<!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlEndT|**|-~-->
<div id="ygrp-text" >
<p><div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:12pt;">Dear Claire,<br><br>I don't mean to be pedantic, but you may wish to note that there is no pluperfect -- or present perfect -- in Gothic: there are only two tenses (preterite and present) in two moods (indicative and optative/subjunctive). The imperative exists only in the present. Thus, there is NO construction *haba gahailith = English 'I have healed', contrary to the other respondent's claim. You can check this yourself by consulting the Braune/Heidermanns grammar (pp. 141-144), for example, or any other pertinent scholarly reference work on the Gothic language.<br><br>Lambdin (p. 37) is speaking of the ENGLISH equivalents when he uses the term pluperfect. His exercise C from lesson 9 is practice is forming the paraphrastic passive, which consists of the auxiliary verb wisan/wairthan in
either the present or preterite + past participle of the main verb.<br><br>Your answer for no. 8 should have 'wesun' rather than 'ist': thus 'gawandidai wesun thai skalkos' (plural form is needed here to agree with 'skalkos' and the exercise requires the past form of the aux.). Otherwise I see no other mistakes.<br><br>Edmund<br><div><span><br></span></div><div class="yahoo_quoted"> <br> <br> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size: 12pt;"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size: 12pt;"> <div dir="ltr"> <font size="2" face="Arial"> On Tuesday, February 11, 2014 3:18:09 AM, OSCAR HERRE <duke.co@sbcglobal.net> wrote:<br> </font> </div> <div class="y_msg_container"><div id="yiv8123006875"><div>
<span> </span>
<div id="yiv8123006875ygrp-mlmsg">
<div id="yiv8123006875ygrp-msg">
<div id="yiv8123006875ygrp-text">
<div style="color:#000;background-color:#fff;font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt;"><div><span></span></div><div>fer no 12 it mite be galagida ist ansts is ana em....no 10 ...ik haf hailida wes......no 8....so skalko haf gawando......no 7...tho skip wes frabugjan......<br clear="none"></div> <div style="font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt;"> <div style="font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt;"> <div dir="ltr"> <div class="yiv8123006875hr" style="height:0px;font-size:0px;"></div> <font size="2" face="Arial"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> Claire Knudsen-Latta <clairemargery@gmail.com><br clear="none"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">To:</span></b> gothic-l@yahoogroups.com <br clear="none"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">Sent:</span></b> Monday, February 10, 2014 5:27 PM<br clear="none"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">Subject:</span></b> [gothic-l] Pluperfect exercises from Chapter 9 of Lambdin<br clear="none"> </font> </div> <div class="yiv8123006875y_msg_container">
<div id="yiv8123006875">
<div>
<span> </span>
<div id="yiv8123006875ygrp-text">
<div dir="ltr">Good afternoon,<div><br clear="none"></div><div>I've been working my way through Lamdin's Introduction to the Gothic Language without much difficulty, however I'm not sure I'm understanding the use of the past participle in constructing the pluperfect, specifically the declination rubric. I've gone through the exercises at the end of the chapter and attached them below, if someone has a minute to look at them and tell me if I've done them correctly or completely missed the mark, I would really appreciate it. </div>
<div><br clear="none"></div><div>Thank you,</div><div>Claire</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>---</div><div><br clear="none"></div>C. Translate and convert to the corresponding plural form of the pluperfect 1. Gawaurht ist þata kas. i. The pot has been fashioned
<div>ii. Gawaurhta wesun þo kasa</div><div> 2. Rodiþ ist þata waurd i. The word has been said ii. Rodida wesun þo waurda</div><div>3. Ufdaupida ist so qino i. The woman has been baptized
ii. Ufdaupidos wesun þos qinons</div><div><br clear="none"></div><div>4. Gatimriþs ist sa gards i. The house has been built ii. Gatimridai wesun þai gardeis</div><div>5. Insandiþs im i. I have been sent
ii. Insandidai wesum</div><div>6. Gahausida ist þeina bida i. Your prayer has been heard ii. Gahausidos wesun þeinos bidos.</div><div>7. Frabauht ist þata skip i. That ship has been sold
ii. Frabauhta wesun þo skipa</div><div>8. Gawandiþs ist sa skalks i. The servant has returned ii. Gawandidai ist þai skalkos</div><div>9. Fraqistiþ ist razn is i. His house has been destroyed
ii. Fraqistida wesun razna ize</div><div>10. Gahailiþs im i. I have been healed ii. Gahailidai wesum</div><div>11. Þiuþida is þu i. You have been blessed ii. Þiuþidos wesuþ jus
</div><div>12. Galagida ist ansts is ana ins i. His grace has been layed on them ii. Galagidos wesun ansteis is ana ins</div><div>13. Gameliþ ist þein namo i. Your name has been writen ii. Gamelida wesun þeina namona
</div><div>14. Gatawida ist so mahts i. The power has been designated<br clear="none">ii. Gatawidos wesun þos mahteis</div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div> </div> </div> </div>
</div>
<div style="color:#fff;height:0;"></div></div>
</div></div><br><br></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></p>
</div>
<!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlStart|**|-~-->
<div style="color: #fff; height: 0;">__._,_.___</div>
<div style="clear:both"> </div>
<table cellspacing=4px style="margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="font-size: 12px; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; padding: 7px 5px 5px; color: #FFF; background-color: #F2F2F2; border: 1px solid #EAEAEA " >
<a style="text-decoration: none; color: #2D50FD" href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/gothic-l/post;_ylc=X3oDMTJxZTVqYXZxBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEwMjA1OTgEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1NzM5MjA2BG1zZ0lkAzExMTU4BHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA3JwbHkEc3RpbWUDMTM5MjI1NTg3MA--?act=reply&messageNum=11158">Reply via web post</a>
</td>
<td style="font-size: 12px; font-family: arial; padding: 7px 5px 5px; color: #FFF; background-color: #F2F2F2; border: 1px solid #EAEAEA; " >
<a href="mailto:edmundfairfax@yahoo.ca?subject=Re%3A%20%5Bgothic-l%5D%20Pluperfect%20exercises%20from%20Chapter%209%20of%20Lambdin" style="text-decoration: none; color: #2D50FD;">
Reply to sender </a>
</td>
<td style="font-size: 12px; font-family: arial; padding: 7px 5px 5px; color: #FFF; background-color: #F2F2F2; border: 1px solid #EAEAEA; ">
<a href="mailto:gothic-l@yahoogroups.com?subject=Re%3A%20%5Bgothic-l%5D%20Pluperfect%20exercises%20from%20Chapter%209%20of%20Lambdin" style="text-decoration: none; color: #2D50FD">
Reply to group </a>
</td>
<td style="font-size: 12px; font-family: arial; padding: 7px 5px 5px; color: #FFF; background-color: #F2F2F2; border: 1px solid #EAEAEA; " >
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/gothic-l/post;_ylc=X3oDMTJlODJxcmMwBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEwMjA1OTgEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1NzM5MjA2BHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA250cGMEc3RpbWUDMTM5MjI1NTg3MA--" style="text-decoration: none; color: #2D50FD">Start a New Topic</a>
</td>
<td style="font-size: 12px; font-family: arial; padding: 7px 5px 5px; color: #2D50FD; background-color: #F2F2F2; border: 1px solid #EAEAEA; " >
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/gothic-l/message/11155;_ylc=X3oDMTM2NW91aDJqBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEwMjA1OTgEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1NzM5MjA2BG1zZ0lkAzExMTU4BHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA3Z0cGMEc3RpbWUDMTM5MjI1NTg3MAR0cGNJZAMxMTE1NQ--" style="text-decoration: none; color: #2D50FD;">Messages in this topic</a>
(4)
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!------- Start Nav Bar ------>
<!-- |**|begin egp html banner|**| -->
<!-- |**|end egp html banner|**| -->
<div id="ygrp-grfd" style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; padding: 15px 0;">
<!-- |**|begin egp html banner|**| -->
You are a member of the Gothic-L list. To unsubscribe, send a blank email to <gothic-l-unsubscribe@egroups.com>.
<!-- |**|end egp html banner|**| -->
</div>
<!-- |**|begin egp html banner|**| -->
<div id="ygrp-vital" style="background-color: #f2f2f2; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 10px;">
<span id="vithd" style="font-weight: bold; color: #333; text-transform: uppercase; "><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/gothic-l;_ylc=X3oDMTJlb2dtbGVmBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzEwMjA1OTgEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1NzM5MjA2BHNlYwN2dGwEc2xrA3ZnaHAEc3RpbWUDMTM5MjI1NTg3MA--" style="text-decoration: none;">Visit Your Group</a></span>
<ul style="list-style-type: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: inline;">
</ul>
</div>
<div id="ft" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11px; margin-top: 5px; padding: 0 2px 0 0; clear: both;">
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/;_ylc=X3oDMTJkMmEwNHF0BF9TAzk3NDc2NTkwBGdycElkAzEwMjA1OTgEZ3Jwc3BJZAMxNzA1NzM5MjA2BHNlYwNmdHIEc2xrA2dmcARzdGltZQMxMzkyMjU1ODcw" style="float: left;"><img src="http://l.yimg.com/ru/static/images/yg/img/email/new_logo/logo-groups-137x15.png" height="15" width="137" alt="Yahoo! Groups" style="border: 0;"/></a>
<div style="color: #747575; float: right;"> • <a href="http://info.yahoo.com/privacy/us/yahoo/groups/details.html" style="text-decoration: none;">Privacy</a> • <a href="mailto:gothic-l-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com?subject=Unsubscribe" style="text-decoration: none;">Unsubscribe</a> • <a href="http://info.yahoo.com/legal/us/yahoo/utos/terms/" style="text-decoration: none;">Terms of Use</a> </div>
</div>
<!-- |**|end egp html banner|**| -->
</div> <!-- ygrp-msg -->
<!-- Sponsor -->
<!-- |**|begin egp html banner|**| -->
<div id="ygrp-sponsor" style="width:160px; float:right; clear:none; margin:0 0 25px 0; background: #fff;">
<!-- Start Recommendations -->
<div id="ygrp-reco">
</div>
<!-- End Recommendations -->
</div> <!-- |**|end egp html banner|**| -->
<div style="clear:both; color: #FFF; font-size:1px;">.</div>
</div>
<img src="http://geo.yahoo.com/serv?s=97359714/grpId=1020598/grpspId=1705739206/msgId=11158/stime=1392255870" width="1" height="1"> <br>
<div style="color: #fff; height: 0;">__,_._,___</div>
<!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlEnd|**|-~-->
</body>
<!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlStart|**|-~-->
<head>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
#ygrp-mkp {
border: 1px solid #d8d8d8;
font-family: Arial;
margin: 10px 0;
padding: 0 10px;
}
#ygrp-mkp hr {
border: 1px solid #d8d8d8;
}
#ygrp-mkp #hd {
color: #628c2a;
font-size: 85%;
font-weight: 700;
line-height: 122%;
margin: 10px 0;
}
#ygrp-mkp #ads {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
#ygrp-mkp .ad {
padding: 0 0;
}
#ygrp-mkp .ad p {
margin: 0;
}
#ygrp-mkp .ad a {
color: #0000ff;
text-decoration: none;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ygrp-lc {
font-family: Arial;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ygrp-lc #hd {
margin: 10px 0px;
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 78%;
line-height: 122%;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ygrp-lc .ad {
margin-bottom: 10px;
padding: 0 0;
}
#actions {
font-family: Verdana;
font-size: 11px;
padding: 10px 0;
}
#activity {
background-color: #e0ecee;
float: left;
font-family: Verdana;
font-size: 10px;
padding: 10px;
}
#activity span {
font-weight: 700;
}
#activity span:first-child {
text-transform: uppercase;
}
#activity span a {
color: #5085b6;
text-decoration: none;
}
#activity span span {
color: #ff7900;
}
#activity span .underline {
text-decoration: underline;
}
.attach {
clear: both;
display: table;
font-family: Arial;
font-size: 12px;
padding: 10px 0;
width: 400px;
}
.attach div a {
text-decoration: none;
}
.attach img {
border: none;
padding-right: 5px;
}
.attach label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.attach label a {
text-decoration: none;
}
blockquote {
margin: 0 0 0 4px;
}
.bold {
font-family: Arial;
font-size: 13px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.bold a {
text-decoration: none;
}
dd.last p a {
font-family: Verdana;
font-weight: 700;
}
dd.last p span {
margin-right: 10px;
font-family: Verdana;
font-weight: 700;
}
dd.last p span.yshortcuts {
margin-right: 0;
}
div.attach-table div div a {
text-decoration: none;
}
div.attach-table {
width: 400px;
}
div.file-title a, div.file-title a:active, div.file-title a:hover, div.file-title a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
}
div.photo-title a, div.photo-title a:active, div.photo-title a:hover, div.photo-title a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
}
div#ygrp-mlmsg #ygrp-msg p a span.yshortcuts {
font-family: Verdana;
font-size: 10px;
font-weight: normal;
}
.green {
color: #628c2a;
}
.MsoNormal {
margin: 0 0 0 0;
}
o {
font-size: 0;
}
#photos div {
float: left;
width: 72px;
}
#photos div div {
border: 1px solid #666666;
height: 62px;
overflow: hidden;
width: 62px;
}
#photos div label {
color: #666666;
font-size: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
text-align: center;
white-space: nowrap;
width: 64px;
}
#reco-category {
font-size: 77%;
}
#reco-desc {
font-size: 77%;
}
.replbq {
margin: 4px;
}
#ygrp-actbar div a:first-child {
/* border-right: 0px solid #000;*/
margin-right: 2px;
padding-right: 5px;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg {
font-size: 13px;
font-family: Arial, helvetica,clean, sans-serif;
*font-size: small;
*font: x-small;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg table {
font-size: inherit;
font: 100%;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg select, input, textarea {
font: 99% Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg pre, code {
font:115% monospace;
*font-size:100%;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg * {
line-height: 1.22em;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg #logo {
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
#ygrp-msg p a {
font-family: Verdana;
}
#ygrp-msg p#attach-count span {
color: #1E66AE;
font-weight: 700;
}
#ygrp-reco #reco-head {
color: #ff7900;
font-weight: 700;
}
#ygrp-reco {
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding: 0px;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ov li a {
font-size: 130%;
text-decoration: none;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ov li {
font-size: 77%;
list-style-type: square;
padding: 6px 0;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ov ul {
margin: 0;
padding: 0 0 0 8px;
}
#ygrp-text {
font-family: Georgia;
}
#ygrp-text p {
margin: 0 0 1em 0;
}
#ygrp-text tt {
font-size: 120%;
}
#ygrp-vital ul li:last-child {
border-right: none !important;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlEnd|**|-~-->
</html>
<!-- end group email -->