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<p>As some may not have access to the Braune/Heidermanns Gothic grammar, I give here a summation based on the latter's remarks.<div><br></div><div>As a rule of thumb, the vocative of NOUNS is the same as the nominative EXCEPT in the following cases:</div><div><br></div><div>1) if the NOMINATIVE SINGULAR has an inflectional -s, this ending is dropped:</div><div><br></div><div>masc. a-stems: skalk! (L19,17), thiudan! (Mk15,18)</div><div>masc. ja-stems, long: laisari! (L3,12)</div><div>masc. ja-stems, short: not attested</div><div><br></div><div>fem. o-stems: not attested</div><div>fem jo-stems, long: mawi! (L8,84)</div><div>fem jo-stems, short: halja! (1Cor15,55)</div><div><br></div><div>masc. i-stem: juggalaud! (L7,14)</div><div><br></div><div>masc. u-stem plural: brothrjus meinai liubans! (1Cor15,58)</div><div><br></div><div>masc. n-stems: ahma! (Mk9,25)</div><div>neut. n-stems: barnilo! (Mt9,2)</div><div>fem. n-stems: mawilo! (Mk5,41)</div><div><br></div><div>consonant stems: fadar! (Gal4,6), brothar! (L6,42), dauhtar! (L8,84); frijond! (L14,10)</div><div><br></div><div>2) U-STEMS and FEM. I-STEMS in the SINGULAR can apparently use either the -s-less form or the dative singular:</div><div><br></div><div>u-stems: (voc. sg.) sunu! (L18,38) beside (dat. sg.) sunau! (L8,28)</div><div>fem. i-stems: (dat. sg.) Iesu Nazorenai! (Mk1,24); an -s-less form is not extant</div><div><br></div><div>In the case of the vocative of u-stems, the -s-less forms appears 10x, the dative 8x.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>As to the VOCATIVE OF ADJECTIVES, the weak form is always used:</div><div><br></div><div>e.g. atta weiha! (J17,11)</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>EXCEPT in the following cases where the strong forms are used instead:</div><div><br></div><div>1) possessive adjectives always take the strong adj. endings: e.g. guth meins! (Mt27,46)</div><div><br></div><div>2) present participles regularly take the weak adjective endings: e.g. o sa gatairdands tho alh! (Mk15,29)</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>Braune/Heidermanns make reference to a few further apparent exceptional cases, which seem to me to be not vocatives but elliptical clauses:</div><div><br></div><div>e.g. Hails, Thiudan Iudaei! (Mk15,18) 'Hail, King of the Jews!' ("hails" = '(sijai) hails!')</div><div><br></div><div>Edmund</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></p>
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