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<p>Dear Johann,<div><br></div><div>The development of 'haid-' into a suffix is a specifically West Germanic phenomenon. In its earliest use, it appears to have meant mainly 'state, rank' vel sim.; that is, it was not mainly a collectivizing suffix: e.g. OE cildhad 'childhood', i.e., 'being a child' rather than a 'group of children.' A '*brothruhaidus' would mean simply the 'manner of a brother' in Wulfilian Gothic. Likewise, the suffixal use of -skap- appears to be a non-East Germanic development as well, for there is no sign of it as a suffix or even as a noun in the Gothic corpus. Kluge notes that the use of -skap- as a collective suffix is only occasional even in the early Germanic languages (<Nominale Stammbildungslehre der altgermanischen Dialekte< p. 38).</div><div><br></div><div>Germanic had two notable suffixes used to form collectives, to wit *-ahjan and *-ithjan (the latter with short or long 'i'). Both of these suffixes survived into the early Germanic languages with the same function:</div><div><br></div><div>1) Derivatives of *-ithjan:</div><div><br></div><div>OLG: Ekthi (< *aikithjan "place where oaks abound"), Bergithi, Wulfithi</div><div>OHG: pfluogide 'team of plough-oxen'</div><div>MHG: geswisteride 'Geschwister', geveteride 'Gevattern', geteilide 'group of participants'</div><div>OE: eowde (< *awithjan) 'herd of sheep'</div><div>Go: awethi (with reverse spelling for *aweithi) 'herd of sheep'</div><div><br></div><div>2) Derivatives of *-ahjan:</div><div><br></div><div>OHG: steinahi 'stony land', eihhahi 'group of oak trees', rorahi 'reeds', chindahi 'group of children'</div><div><br></div><div>In Gothic, this suffix evidently shifted to the ein-class, as suggested by its one attestation:</div><div><br></div><div>bairgahei 'hill-country'</div><div><br></div><div>A further variant of this suffix as a collective-marker used with kinship terms is found in the following:</div><div><br></div><div>OLG: gisustruhon 'sisters'</div><div>Go: brothrahans 'brethren, brothers' (masc. pl. n-stem)</div><div>ON: fethgin 'parents', maethgin 'mother and son(s) collectively', systkin ' brother and sister collectively', etc. (the 'g' here instead of 'h' is owing to Verner's Law)</div><div><br></div><div>I think the best choice for 'brotherhood' is the already extant 'brothrahans,' which in fact refers to a group of brothers. As a collective term, 'brothers' and 'brotherhood' are, at least in ModE, largely interchangeable.</div><div><br></div><div>Edmund</div><div><div class="ygroups-quoted"><br><br>---In Gothic-L@yahoogroups.com, <anheropl0x@...> wrote :<br><br><div id="ygrps-yiv-76079273"><p><span>I discussed this with another member a couple weeks ago. Somehow this word doesn't make it into the silver Bible, but if like to see it rendered in Gothic. Unfortunately, there are a couple directions this could be taken, and there is little evidence in aware of to suggest which is more correct. Following English -hood, one might arrive at something like *broþruhaidus. Going with *skapiz like most other Germanic languages, one could get *broþruskaps. Or do any of you think it could be something completely different? <br class="ygrps-yiv-76079273yui-cursor"></span></p></div></div></div></p>
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