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I've recently had my attention draw to a process in borrowing and I wonder
if there is a name for it:
<P>When a concept is borrowed, rather than borrowing the word, or calquing
it, a word which sounds similar to the original with related semantics
is extended, or a compound is made which sounds close to the original and
is semantically plausible.
<P>For example "index" becomes in Chinese inde (formed from /in/ "pull",
/de/ "find") [source: student paper, so correct me if I'm wrong.]
<P>This is very common in East Asian languages, I believe. But I've come
across examples elsewhere. For example in Morocco the Arabic word /silk/
"thread" is used to translate the Frence "cycle" /sikl/ as an academic
term, rather than the usual Arabic word for cycle /daura/.
<P>It is sort of the opposite of a calque-- in the sense of borrowing the
sound without the meaning-- but I don't know what to call it. By the way
does anyone have other examples?
<BR>____________________________________
<BR>*NEW E-mail address: ratcliffe@tufs.ac.jp*
<P><FONT FACE="Times New Roman,Times">Robert R. Ratcliffe</FONT>
<BR><FONT FACE="Times New Roman,Times">Associate Professor, Arabic and
Linguistics</FONT>
<BR><FONT FACE="Times New Roman,Times">Tokyo University of Foreign
Studies</FONT>
<BR><FONT FACE="Times New Roman,Times">Asahi-machi 3-11-1,</FONT> <FONT
FACE="Times New Roman,Times">Fuchu-shi,
Tokyo</FONT> <FONT FACE="Times New Roman,Times">183-8534 Japan</FONT>
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