Language restoration a top priority at Mashantucket conference <br /><br
/>© Indian Country Today April 05, 2006. <br />All Rights Reserved
Posted: April 05, 2006 <br />by: Gale Courey Toensing / Indian Country
Today <br />http://www.indiancountry.com/content.cfm?id=1096412778<br
/><br />MASHANTUCKET, Conn. - Buffy Sainte-Marie, an entertainment icon
both within and outside Indian country, expressed the overarching theme
of the recent Mashantucket language conference - that language is not a
part of a people's culture; it is a people's culture.<br /><br
/>Sainte-Marie, who was born at Piapot (Cree) Reserve in Saskatchewan
and raised in Maine and Massachusetts, was the keynote speaker on the
second day of the conference, which took place Feb. 22 - 24 at the
Mashantucket Pequot Museum and Research Center. ''The Mashantucket
Language Conference: Preservation and Reclamation of Indigenous
Languages'' was the third biennial event exploring the academic and
cultural uses of aboriginal languages.<br /><br />More than 150 people
from all over the United States and Canada attended the conference
where 30 presenters, including linguists, artists, students, musicians,
poets and storytellers, described their wide-ranging scholarly research,
language restoration projects, pedagogy and art.<br /><br />Sainte-Marie
spoke for more than an hour and a half to a captivated audience about
her work in language education, sometimes gliding across the auditorium
floor or punctuating a point by stamping her foot.<br /><br />''Language
and culture cannot be separated. Language is vital to understanding our
unique cultural perspectives. Language is a tool that is used to
explore and experience our cultures and the perspectives that are
embedded in our cultures,'' Sainte-Marie said.<br /><br />Famous as an
Academy Award-winning singer/songwriter, Sainte-Marie has a teaching
degree, a degree in oriental philosophy and a doctorate in fine arts
from the University of Massachusetts. In 1968, she founded the Nihewan
Foundation for American Indian Education and helped develop the
Cradleboard Teaching Project, an ever-evolving interactive multimedia
CD-ROM teaching tool that presents curricula, including aboriginal
language, in culturally meaningful ways for Indian children.<br /><br
/>This new way of learning gets rid of the old stereotypes of ''dead
text about dead Indians,'' Sainte-Marie said.<br /><br />''What we're
looking for is effectiveness in revitalizing our languages, in saving
the cultures of our communities, and in building the self-esteem of
people in those communities and passing into the future generation the
yet-evolving wisdom and skills of Native American cultures,'' said
Sainte-Marie.<br /><br />Toward the end of her presentation, an
audience member asked for a song, and Sainte-Marie obliged.<br /><br
/>Using her microphone as a drum, she sang ''Relocation Blues,'' a
plangent song about the former government practice both in the United
States and Canada of removing children from their homes and placing
them in boarding schools where they were forbidden to speak their
native languages.<br /><br />Among the other presenters that day was
Drew Haden Taylor, an award-winning playwright, author, filmmaker and
humorist who recently published his 17th book, ''Me Funny,'' about
Native humor. Hayden Taylor described himself as half-Ojibway and
half-Caucasian.<br /><br />''That makes me an 'occasion' - either a
special occasion or, at the very least, a memorable occasion,'' Hayden
Taylor said, cracking up the audience.<br /><br />Hayden Taylor grew up
on the Curve Lake Reserve in Ontario, where he would fall asleep to the
sound of family members talking and laughing under a tree in the yard.
Starting out as a writer, he noticed that most of the work by Native
writers was ''dark, angry, depressing, bleak and sad; and I began to
think, is this the kind of writing I have to do?''<br /><br />Humor, he
realized, was the ''shield and sense of sanity'' that allowed Native
people to survive 500 years of oppression.<br /><br />''I wanted to
explore the Native funny bone,'' Hayden Taylor said. Native people like
to tease a lot and Native humor is often self-deprecatory, he said, but
it doesn't reinvent the wheel. What makes Native people laugh also
makes non-Native people laugh, Hayden Taylor said.<br /><br />Klewetua,
aka Rodney Sayers, gave a presentation called ''Water Was Our Highway,''
reflecting the rivers and ocean-based landscape of Ahswinnis, an area
now known as Port Alberni, British Columbia, where the Hupacasath First
Nation artist lives and works.<br /><br />Sayers is a ''student of
language'' who inherited his tribe's language program by default - no
one else applied for the job, he said. In addition to his work in the
language revitalization project, Sayers is a river guide with his
tribe's tours; and both the language and river work shape his
production as an artist, he said.<br /><br />A PowerPoint presentation
showed, among other things, an image of mountain range that marked the
easternmost boundary of the tribe's territory. The mountain range is
called ''Jagged Peaks Pointing Upwards,'' Sayers said.<br /><br />''We
have restored as many place-names of our territories as possible, and
we don't name places or things after living people or people at all
because when you move on you don't want things attached to you in this
world,'' he explained.<br /><br />Many of the tribes' elders - who were
fluent speakers and, therefore, culture-keepers - have passed on, which
makes the work difficult, Sayers said.<br /><br />The language, called
the Nuu Chah Nulth Barkely dialect, originated around the activities of
the tribe's ancestors, many of which centered on fishing and river
activities.<br /><br />''A lot of those activities are gone or have few
participants so the language has become obscure and hard to apply to
everyday life and difficult to translate into English for learning
purposes,'' Sayers said.<br /><br />The language project has compiled a
phonetic alphabet with some icons not present in the English language
and is about to publish its third language book.<br /><br />''Really,
what we need to do is get people talking our language in our homes. My
mother was a fluent speaker with a huge amount of knowledge of our
history, but she never taught me. She went to residential schools as a
child, so I'm not sure if they took the spirit out of her, but she's
gone now and I'll never know,'' Sayers said.<br /><br />'''The Water
Was Our Highway' is the name of my presentation, but we've got to get
rid of the past tense. The water is our highway and it's the way we're
going to travel and it's a matter of understanding our language and
applying it, rather than just thinking of it as a thing that we have to
achieve,'' Sayers said.<br /><br />