<h2>Keeping Salish Alive</h2>
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<tbody><tr>
<td><img width="450" height="300" title="Maii Pete"
src="cid:gipayoj4bxc@www.email.arizona.edu"
/></td>
</tr>
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<td align="left" class="caption"><div class="photocredit">Photo credit:
Adam Sings In The Timber</div>
Writing in the Salish language, Maii Pete, 10, makes a list of what she
was thankful for this past year as elder Sophie Mays works with other
children at Nkwsum school.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="article-byline">By Jasa Santos
</p><p>
ARLEE, Mont.More than a dozen children are crammed into the small
entryway of a school on the Flathead Indian Reservation in northwestern
Montana. An elderly man with salt and pepper braids is ushering coats
and backpacks to each one, speaking quietly in Salish.
</p><p> The children answer confidently and chatter excitedly with
each other, alternating between English and Salish. Soon, the entryway
is quiet, and another day has ended at Nkwsum, the Salish immersion
school on the reservation. </p><p>
Its just like any other school, said Director Tachini Pete, except
for the focus on language and culture.
</p><p>
Nkwsum was started four years ago, with the idea of bringing the Salish
language back to the people. At the time, nearly 100 people spoke
fluent Salish on the reservation, but only 58 speakers remain.
</p><p>
Nkswum (pronounced in-KOO-sum) means family in Salish and is derived
from the Salish word meaning one fire.
</p>
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align="right">
<tbody><tr>
<td><img width="300" height="236" title="Tana Stevens"
src="cid:6z8jep73fbsw@www.email.arizona.edu"
/></td>
</tr>
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<td align="left" class="caption"><div class="photocredit">Photo credit:
Adam Sings In The Timber</div>
Tana Stevens, 5, writes Salish words during a class.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>Pete said the school enrolled only four students its first year.
Now, nearly 30 students are enrolled in preschool through second grade.
</p><p>
The lone classroom contains only two rows of desks, all of which were
donated by other schools. An English alphabet poster tops the marker
board with the Salish alphabet underneath.
</p><p>
We made everything in here just about, Pete said, looking around the
room.
</p><p>Nkwsum is only one of two Native language immersion schools in
Montana. Browning is home to the other, which focuses on the Blackfeet
language. No Salish curriculum is available to Pete and the teachers at
Nkwsum.
</p><p> Weve proposed to the tribe to create a curriculum
department, Pete said. Were at the point where we cant keep up. The
kids are learning so fast. </p><p>
<b>The Main Difference</b>
</p><p>
That is the main difference between a public school and Nkswum, Pete
said. A public school can buy everything needed to teach students math
or science. Nkwsum cant. </p><p>
Everything has to be translated and redone, so it fits our language
and our culture, Pete said. We want our kids to get all the education
they can, if not more than a public school can [give]. </p>
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align="right">
<tbody><tr>
<td><img width="300" height="215" title="Stephen Small Salmon"
src="cid:6ut4j5vgu6io@www.email.arizona.edu"
/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" class="caption"><div class="photocredit">Photo credit:
Adam Sings In The Timber</div>
D'anja Charlo, 4, and Dorissa Garza, 7, listen to elder Stephen Small
Salmon as he instructs them in Salish.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>As newly appointed curriculum director, Arleen Adams knows that
Nkwsum faces more hard work.
</p><p>
We have no McGraw-Hill, Adams said with a laugh. We are
McGraw-Hill. Adams said the Nkswums goal is create a curriculum and
to make it Indian, to make it Salish.
</p><p>
Thats what needs to be expressed to our children, she said. They
dont get that from a public school.
</p><p>The current curriculum isnt based on lesson plans, Adams said.
The group works in a casual manner, tracking months and seasons
important to Salish culture. </p><p>
The result is what Adams calls a seasonal curriculum. For example,
October is hunting month in the Salish culture, Adams said. The
teachers focus on the traditional animals, weapons and locations
important to the culture. </p><p>
We rely wholly on our three teachers here to help us, Adams said.
Its about teaching the kids who they are and where they came from.
</p><p>
Adams also consults a culture committee and elders to make sure that
students are learning the full Salish language. With the dialect
changing from places such as Arlee to Polsoneveryone on the
reservation knows a different way of speaking SalishAdams wants to
ensure that students are not learning half-words. </p><p>
We rely on our elders to be that foundation for us, she said. In a
weeks time, [the students] are spitting out all kinds of Salish.
</p><p>Often, Salish elders visit for have storytelling time with
students. Everyone works to reinforce the elders story and how it is
important to the Salish culture.
</p><p>It would be nice to call up McGraw-Hill and say, Hey, could
we have a Salish curriculum for the fifth grade? Adams said. But we
create the curriculum as we go. Its the only way.
</p><p> </p><p class="author-blurb">Reporter Jasa Santos, Salish,
and
photographer Adam Sings In The Timber, Crow, attend the University of
Montana in Missoula. They are both graduates of the Freedom Forum's
2005 American Indian Journalism Institute. </p><p>
<strong>Article Link:</strong> <a
href="http://www.reznetnews.org/student/060202_language/">http://www.reznetnews.org/student/060202_language/</a>
</p>
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