<HTML><BODY style="word-wrap: break-word; -khtml-nbsp-mode: space; -khtml-line-break: after-white-space; "><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV><A href="http://www.adn.com/news/alaska/rural/story/7611812p-7522874c.html">http://www.adn.com/news/alaska/rural/story/7611812p-7522874c.html</A></DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#333333" face="Verdana" size="6"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 20px;"><B>Natives want their dying language taught</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><P style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 5.0px 5.0px"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#999999" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><B>NANWALEK: Village asks Kenai School District to make Sugt'stun part of curriculum.</B></SPAN></FONT></P><P style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 7.0px 5.0px"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#666666" face="Verdana" size="2"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;">By TOM KIZZIA<BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#666666" face="Verdana" size="2"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;"> Anchorage Daily News</SPAN></FONT></P><P style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 15.0px 5.0px"><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#666666" face="Verdana" size="2"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;">Published: April 9, 2006 <BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT class="Apple-style-span" color="#666666" face="Verdana" size="2"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;"> Last Modified: April 9, 2006 at 02:48 AM</SPAN></FONT></P><DIV style="text-align: center;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="text-align: auto;margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">HOMER -- Two generations ago, students in Nanwalek had to lick the schoolhouse floor when they spoke Sugt'stun like their parents. Now the village's last fluent speakers are asking the school's help to save their dying Native language.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Nanwalek parents and elders want the Kenai Peninsula Borough School District to make Sugt'stun part of their core curriculum, with academic credit for a high school course. Nanwalek even has a certified teacher eager to teach the language, which is spoken statewide by fewer than 100 people, most of them elderly.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">"Kenai Peninsula is the Sugpiaq homeland. We are the last band of survivors of the Sugpiaq people," former bilingual aide Sally Ash told the School Board last week. "We consider it an insult that we have no say about how our village school is run."</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">But school officials -- citing budget cuts, new federal rules and Nanwalek's low achievement test scores -- say they have to concentrate on basic offerings like English and math. Earlier this winter, they suggested Nanwalek's students who want a language credit take an online Spanish course instead.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">A dozen parents flew out of the village of 230 and then drove to Soldotna last Monday to make their pitch to the Kenai Peninsula School Board. They were joined at the podium by parents from the Russian Old Believer village of Kachemak Selo, who were seeking a similar step-up of support for Russian language instruction in their local school.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">School officials couldn't promise much more than adjustments in the bilingual aide program for younger students. But the School Board scheduled an April 17 work session to discuss the village requests.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">The Kenai Peninsula's language dilemma provides a stark example of how Alaska school districts are being forced to concentrate on meeting national testing standards, often with little left over to address unique local needs.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><BR></SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px;"><B>LEARN SPANISH INSTEAD?</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">The problem in the Old Believer village is somewhat different. Unlike Nanwalek, where children now grow up speaking English, those entering school in Kachemak Selo speak mostly Russian.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Kachemak Selo parents were roused to seek help after the School District moved to scale back the bilingual aide program. They also want to see a high school Russian class, pointing out that their school of 90 students offers no gym, theater or other non-core activities.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">"We don't want them to lose it," said Polly Reutov, the mother of six students. "If they're completely immersed in English, they will lose it."</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Reutov said her son had been asked this year if he'd be interested in taking high school Spanish instead. In his case, distance delivery wouldn't mean an online program -- Kachemak Selo still holds to the Old Believer stricture against use of computers, Reutov said.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">District officials say they are pushing Kachemak Selo to run its bilingual program more like the nearby Old Believer village of Voznesenka, several miles of switchbacking trail away.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">The school there has met federal standards for yearly progress on test scores and the Russian language program is more successful, district officials say.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Instead of teaching language, aides in Voznesenka have concentrated on using Russian to pre-teach concepts in, say, math, so that English-language instruction will be easier for children to follow, said Norma Holmgaard, the district's director of federal programs and small schools.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Voznesenka also offers Russian for high school students. That's largely a matter of luck, Holmgaard said. Federal rules require teacher certification and expertise, and Voznesenka has a certified Old Believer teacher able to leave his elementary class every day to teach a high school course.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">District officials suggested Kachemak Selo send someone away to become certified as a teacher and return to teach the classes they want.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><BR></SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px;"><B>CURRICULUM OBSTACLE</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">In Nanwalek, however, just having a certified teacher isn't enough. Nanwalek boasts a village son back from Fairbanks with a master's degree in education with a Native language specialty. He's now working as an aide with younger students, and covertly teaching Sugt'stun to high school students during an elective period set aside for art.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">"The kids are using it at home, they're so eager and anxious to show off," said a parent, Nancy Yeaton.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">But other obstacles remain, district officials say. There's no approved curriculum for Sugt'stun, as there are for more widely spoken Native languages such as Yup'ik. (Chugachmiut, the regional Native nonprofit, hopes to have one developed by 2008.)</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">And for a school that has not met achievement scores and progress goals required under federal law, there's no money for extras like language, Holmgaard said.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">"If we add something somewhere, we have to cut somewhere else," she said. "All they have right now is the core."</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">But Nanwalek parents are increasingly indignant. When they learned that seven students had signed up for Spanish, six pulled their children out of the program.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Parents want some influence over the curriculum in their village, and say they are tired of having to beg for favors. They haven't spoken up like this in the past, they say, because of a legacy of cringing shame about being Native, inculcated in the schools of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><BR></SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px;"><B>LANGUAGE ON THE BRINK</B></SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; min-height: 15px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">At a recent meeting in the village, Ash said, older residents recalled being mocked or smacked by teachers for speaking Sugt'stun. One told how he was forced to go outdoors and hold the school flag pole for an hour in a snowstorm.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">"How does the saying go? You broke it, you own it, you fix it," Ash told the School Board. At 48, she is one of the youngest fluent speakers. "You are not responsible for the past crimes, but you are for the one that is occurring right now."</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">Today, Nanwalek has about 20 fluent speakers, more than any other community. If they fail, villagers say, the consequence won't just be undermining their children's sense of culture. The Sugt'stun language will disappear off the face of the Earth.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">School officials responded sympathetically, but they made no promises.</SPAN></FONT></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; "><FONT class="Apple-style-span" face="Verdana" size="3"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;">"Personally, I think it's really important," said Holmgaard. "But professionally, I can say, is it the responsibility of the School District, or is it the responsibility of Nanwalek and Chugachmiut?"</SPAN></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>