<span class="headline1">An American Indian charter school plans to teach
Navajo language<br /></span><p><span class="smalltext"><b>By <a
href="mailto:sgran@abqtrib.com">Susie Gran</a><br /><i>Tribune
Reporter</i></b></span><br /><span class="smalltext"><b>April 25,
2006</b></span></p><p><span
class="bodytext">http://www.abqtrib.com/albq/nw_education/article/0,2564,ALBQ_19857_4649142,00.html<br
/></span></p><p><span class="bodytext">Navajo Shannon Johnson builds her
students' vocabulary with words of the Navajo Code Talkers.
<center><img border="0"
src="cid:2ln1782denb4@www.email.arizona.edu"
/></center><span class="phototext"><b>Navajo
language teacher Shannon Johnson photographs her students performing as
the La Mesa Fancy Shawl Dancers in a recent performance at Wilson
Middle School. Johnson, who is Navajo, satisfies a growing demand for
native language teaching across the city and state, educators say.
(Steven St. John/Tribune)</b></span>
<p><table width="140" cellspacing="10" cellpadding="0" border="0"
bgcolor="#eaeaea" align="right"
class="smalltext"><tbody><tr><td><b>NAVAJO TEACHERS IN CITY SCHOOLS</b>
<p>Navajo children in these schools are learning their native language:
</p><p><b>La Mesa Elementary
</b></p><p><b>Lowell Elementary
</b></p><p><b>Painted Sky Elementary
</b></p><p><b>Manzano High
</b></p><p><b>Rio Grande High
</b></p><p><b>West Mesa High
</b></p><p><b>Cibola High</b>
</p><p>In August, the new Native American Academy, to be located at
Wilson Middle School, will also offer Navajo language instruction.
</p><p><i>Source: Albuquerque Public
Schools</i></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
</p><p><i>Gah, Dzeh, Wol-la-chee</i> and <i>Be</i> translate to
"rabbit," "elk," "ant" and
"deer."
</p><p>Her students, all Navajo children who live in Albuquerque, came
to school knowing only English.
</p><p>In her La Mesa Elementary School language class, Johnson insists
they learn the way their ancestors did. In Navajo.
</p><p>The demand for native languages is growing across the city and
state, educators say.
</p><p>But teachers like Johnson are hard to find. The University of
New Mexico and the tribes are responding to the demand by training and
certifying more American Indians as language teachers.
</p><p>Johnson's goal for her Navajo kindergarteners at La Mesa is that
they speak Navajo fluently by the time they leave fifth grade.
</p><p>She has 30 minutes a day with them to get the job done.
</p><p>Once they leave her, they are on their own.
</p><p>Few, if any, of their parents know their native language. And
Albuquerque Public Schools does not offer any Navajo language classes
for middle schoolers.
</p><p>"There's a big gap," Johnson said. "There's
nothing in the middle for these students."
</p><p>The new Native American Academy, a charter school to be housed
at Wilson Middle School, plans to fill that gap. Academy officials said
they will hire a Navajo teacher.
</p><p>The academy is scheduled to open in August with 100 sixth- and
seventh-graders.
</p><p>Academy organizers plan to tap the American Indian teaching
talent being developed at UNM.
</p><p>"They are asking us for our best and brightest," said
Joseph
Suina, director of a 2-year-old program designed for American Indians
who want to teach in their tribes or pueblos. "We have identified
people we'll recommend highly."
</p><p>Johnson intends to apply for UNM's American Indian Education
Scholarship to pay for expenses while she pursues a master's degree.
</p><p>The scholarship program receives $900,000 annually from the
Public Education Department for scholarships to encourage American
Indians to pursue teaching careers. Those enrolled must spend at least
three years teaching in their pueblos or tribes.
</p><p>Suina said scholarships and workshops have drawn 40 prospective
teachers to the program. An additional 20 UNM students are studying
American Indian languages.
</p><p>In all, 47 undergraduates and 18 graduate students are enrolled
in Suina's Institute of American Indian Education.
</p><p>Also, tribes and pueblos are starting to license their own
language teachers under an agreement with the Public Education
Department. Johnson was certified by the Navajo Nation to teach Navajo.
She also has her elementary-school certification.
</p><p>After two years at of exclusively teaching Navajo at La Mesa,
Johnson next year moves into a third-grade classroom at the Northeast
Heights school, which counts about 10 percent of its 670 enrollment as
American Indian.
</p><p>Johnson's replacement in the La Mesa language program may be
recruited from UNM's American Indian scholarship group. She's asking
Suina to help her recruit her successor.
</p><p>Unlike her Navajo students, Johnson, 32, spoke her native
language before she went to preschool.
</p><p>At Head Start in Arizona, she learned English and by first grade
was communicating in English with her teachers.
</p><p>"Prior to this, it was a hit-and-miss program," Suina
said of
training American Indian teachers, especially those wanting to teach
their native languages.
</p><p>Federal funding for such training dried up in 1982.
</p><p>"Native languages were not viewed on the same level as
foreign languages," he said. "They were treated as second
class."
</p><center><img border="0"
src="cid:68rbu3ycxytc@www.email.arizona.edu"
/></center><span class="phototext"><b>Brett
Morgan (top left), 11, breathes in incense during a ceremony before he
participates with the La Mesa Sharks drum group. The Sharks and the La
Mesa Fancy Shawl dancers performed at Wilson Middle School earlier this
month. (Steven St. John/Tribune)</b></span>
<p>The Indian Education Act adopted in New Mexico in 1998 fueled the
effort to serve American Indians, Suina said.
</p><p>At UNM, students can study Keres, the language of six pueblos,
including Suina's Cochiti Pueblo; Tewa, the language of six northern
pueblos; Tiwa, the language of four pueblos, including those closest to
Albuquerque, Sandia and Isleta; and Zunian, the language of the Zuni
Pueblo.
</p><p>Also, they can study the Athebascan family of languages spoken by
Navajos and the Jicarilla and Mescalero Apaches.
</p><p>At Sandia Pueblo, two teachers are bringing the Tiwa language to
about 80 children in preschool and after-school programs at the pueblo.
</p><p>The pueblo intends to hire a third teacher and is working with
the Bernalillo Public Schools to offer the Tiwa language, said Gov.
Lawrence Gutierrez.
</p><p>Thirty-five percent to 50 percent of tribal members speak their
native language. The pueblo wants to make sure the language stays
alive, Gutierrez said.
</p><p>"As we lose our seniors, we can't replace them," he
said.
</p><p>Native languages in the middle schools have been missed by
American Indian families.
</p><p>"The first attention it's getting is from the new
charter,"
UNM's Suina said. "No one in the middle schools even asked for our
assistance until now."
</p><p>UNM and the charter school will complement each other, he said.
"The school came to us and we're going to be working out the
details.
We have every intention to use it as a laboratory."
</p><p>Native American Academy founder Kara Bobroff said the university
is a welcome resource for the new school.
</p><p>Suina and Johnson were among consultants called on to help
develop the charter school.
</p><p>Johnson is one of three Navajo language teachers in the
elementary schools.
</p><p>She doesn't blame Navajo parents for not teaching their native
language to their children. Most of them didn't learn it themselves and
are now afraid of losing it, she said.
</p><p>Only one Navajo parent in the past two years did not sign the
permission form required to enroll children in Johnson's language
classes.
</p><p>She said the student attended one of her classes and
"thought it was too hard."
</p><p>During her classes, Johnson rarely speaks a word of English. Her
students develop vocabulary through songs, artwork, games, stories and
life-skills instruction.
</p><p>Her students will be ready to break the Navajo code for the
spring parent program.
</p><p>They'll also introduce themselves and their parents and recite
the Pledge of Allegiance to the American flag and the Navajo Nation,
all in Navajo.
</p><p>Johnson said she is learning what works and what doesn't as she
teaches her native language.
</p><p>"In a way, you can say they are my guinea pigs," she
said of her Navajo students.</p></span></p><p
class="bodytext">Copyright 2006, The Albuquerque Tribune. All Rights
Reserved.</p>