It is nice to see a thread take on a life of its own here and in other
discussions. I just want to add a continuing comment. <br /><br />First, as
it has been noted, it seems that the reasoning in support of the Oklahoma
English-only legislation is a bit historically shallow. That is--it is
historically shallow to claim that a "tradition of assimilation"
exists without a proper understanding of history and how such overt
assimilative ideologies have been directly linked to colonization. <br /><br
/>This history, particular to North America, is one that is linked to US
government reservation policies designed to assimilate indigenous populations
into the US mainstream. Early reservation schools and later boarding schools
instituted bilingual education as an assimilative, de-ethnicization program.
Too, many of these early schools were run by religious organizations/groups (or
former military personel who were once "Indian fighters") as
authorized by US legislation. Canadian indigenous peoples may have had it
worse as this type of assimilative agenda extended well into modern times.
<br /><br />It is certainly an understatement to say that indigenous peoples
experienced increased human abuses as a result of these this assimilative
agendas (based upon education, religion, race). In the same vein, there are
some on this list who would like to see us inventory such abuses. As an
indigenous person, however, I find it particularly curious on the call or
constant need to inventory such past injustices ("because that is what
they did to you"). This tokenizing effect seems too non-random to me.
Sometimes I feel that the constant inventoring of injustices tends to relegate
the people or persons with a colonized history to an unchanging state of
suffering with no healing in sight. The reason why I say this is because I
have personally participated in and witnessed REAL healing in my community.
Yes, healing is and can be transformative. But all of you know this already.
<br /><br />What has yet to be addressed here is the notion of indigenization
whereby cultures 'indigenize' culture elements as a form of revitalization.
Create something new or familiar from something alien. (This happened in much
of our religious history as the former.) <br /><br />Be that as it may,
speakers of indigenous langauges are constantly confronted by the narrow views
of others and the "tradition of assimilation" notion is just one
example. As an advocate of language, this must be addressed (hence this
email/discussions...thank you).<br /><br />As a forum, we want and need more
multi-vocal dialogues on "what is" and "what can be"
concerning indigenous languages/technology. Too, discussions unmasking
injustices can be done in ways that facilitate critical, intelligent thought as
well as healing. <br /><br />Life always,<br /><br />Phil Cash Cash<br />UofA
& ILATmg<br />