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<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Richard, are you making videos of your sessions? I
would love to see them if you are.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Paula</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>p.s. Does anyone know of funding sources for language
nests? The teachers can't give up their regular jobs to do this, and
pretty soon there will not be anybody who knows the language. The time
committment is great, especially for people who can't survive without
working.</FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px"
dir=ltr>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=rzs@WILDBLUE.NET href="mailto:rzs@WILDBLUE.NET">Richard Zane
Smith</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU
href="mailto:ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU">ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Monday, November 29, 2010 8:55
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [ILAT] suggestions
anyone?</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT size=2>tizhamëh ! everyone for the suggestions
about TPR!</FONT>
<DIV><FONT size=2><BR></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2>My 3 classes each of preschoolers and i had a TPR blast this
morning, </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2>with a good chunk of </FONT>actions... which they
enjoyed </DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2>after our morning prayer song... when they're calm.<BR>It
actually becomes a good foundation not only for imperatives,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>but it gets them "quiet" and "listening" so that when we move </DIV>
<DIV>from commands into pointing out our body parts using songs
and </DIV>
<DIV>incorporating verbs...and then counting ...it flows nicely.</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>I also find it helps me "stay in the language"</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>for much longer periods of time.</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>so again tizhamëh!</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>ske:noh</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Richard</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Thu, Nov 25, 2010 at 2:47 PM, Heather Souter <SPAN
dir=ltr><<A
href="mailto:hsouter@gmail.com">hsouter@gmail.com</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class=gmail_quote>Taanshi, Paula and Richard,<BR><BR>This sounds really
good! Especially about the part that WHEN the children are READY to
speak they will! It is a really natural, stress-free approach!
No wrong, no right, no stress! Relaxed learning that is
engaging---great!<BR><BR>Eekoshi.<BR><FONT color=#888888>Heather</FONT>
<DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV class=h5><BR><BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Thu, Nov 25, 2010 at 1:55 PM, Paula Meyer <SPAN
dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:pmeyer8@cox.net"
target=_blank>pmeyer8@cox.net</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid; MARGIN: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class=gmail_quote>
<DIV bgcolor="#ffffff">
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Richard, just a little answer: Start with 2nd
p plural so they all do it. Native speakers of Kumeyaay like to put
the word for "all" with this. Later, when you are sure some can
do it, switch to 2nd p singular and use those students as models.
You could also use the dual with two students in between the sing and the
pl since it's less threatening to do something with a partner; also, it's
part of the language. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Also, when they get ready to SAY where something is,
they will.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Paula</FONT></DIV><FONT color=#888888></FONT>
<BLOCKQUOTE
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dir=ltr>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: rgb(228,228,228)"><B>From:</B>
<A title=rzs@WILDBLUE.NET href="mailto:rzs@WILDBLUE.NET"
target=_blank>Richard Zane Smith</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A
title=ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU href="mailto:ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU"
target=_blank>ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU</A> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, November 25, 2010
9:10 AM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [ILAT] suggestions
anyone?</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV><FONT size=2>
<DIV>Paula (and ALL of you) thanks!</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>I've been enjoying the youtube videos of TPR in action</DIV>
<DIV>but i assure you I WILL get the book which sounds excellent.<BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><B>wandat</B> (Wyandot) hasn't had fluent
elders in a 100 years</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>In order for me to implement TPR which in some
forms i've accidently done already,</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>(Though i get most of the kids singing some
"vocabulary" from day one)</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>I have to "create" the material first.
--from scratch. (((no elders to ask,of course)))</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>I have to search from our "word lists" and
"root/stem lists"</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>attempt a construction, send it off via email to
a busy linguist</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>(who is not paid by our tribe for any work he
volunteers) </DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>wait for up to a week get an "ok" or "a
correction" with excellent persuasive reasons.</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Imperatives have their unique status and
problems. Not about rudeness...but...</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><B>raise your hand
!</B> ...ok....</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>should i start with introducing 2p
singular? , or 2p plural? , definitely not 2p dual
!</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>or is it better to DROP imperatives all together
and start with actions I can "join in" ? </DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>1p plural inclusive: </DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><B>now, we all raise our hand(s)
we stand - we sit - we walk</B></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><B><BR></B></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>as you can see there's no prepackaged language
course for me to simply follow</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>and its why I appreciate ALL the suggestions
given.</DIV></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV></FONT>After the first day children know when i'm asking
"where?" something is
<DIV>because I'm using gestures and pretending to look around
puzzled.</DIV>
<DIV>( to get them to respond in wandat will take longer!)<BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>4 yr old pre-school numbers: we work up to
"twenty" (they sing it)</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>K- 5th the kids realize that all the other
numbers are "easy"</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>once they memorize the foundational "number
song".</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>they LOVE having me put (ex) 5432
on the board for them to verbalize..</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>but i'm rambling and using your time, have a
great thanksgiving!</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>much to be thankful for!</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Richard Zane Smith </DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Wyandotte Oklahoma,</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Wed, Nov 24, 2010 at 7:54 PM, Paula Meyer
<SPAN dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:pmeyer8@cox.net"
target=_blank>pmeyer8@cox.net</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class=gmail_quote>
<DIV bgcolor="#ffffff">
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Richard, I have used TPR for Kumeyaay, and
it has gone over very well and people have learned a lot and
liked it. The lessons are very happy events. It has
to be adapted culturally, e.g. direct commands are considered rude in
a lot of languages and the vocabulary is not always appropriate, but
this is easily changed. You have to teach and
practice it with the teachers. If you get Asher's
basic book Learning another language through actions (<A
href="http://www.tpr-world.com" target=_blank>www.tpr-world.com</A>),
you can adapt it, and the teachers can do it once they understand the
concept. We practice before each lesson. You might want to
look at TPR Storytelling too, another of Asher's books. .Since you are
dealing with preschoolers, they probably don't need all of this; in my
experience, they get bored with the structure and need a more natural
situation. However, it may give your teachers something to
hold onto that's a language-teaching "method," and they might feel
more secure. If your teachers are into "research," there are
tons of it to support not changing back and forth between languages,
especially with the majority language. I hate to keep
beating this horse, but do you have any videos of language
nests? They could look at those if they can't visit
one, because preschoolers are such little sponges in any
language, and seeing it in action might help them get rid of the
majority language in their interactions with the children. Good
luck. Your efforts will be rewarded when you hear those little
kids talking to each other in their heritage language.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial>Paula</FONT></DIV><FONT color=#888888></FONT>
<BLOCKQUOTE
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dir=ltr>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: rgb(228,228,228)"><B>From:</B>
<A title=rzs@WILDBLUE.NET href="mailto:rzs@WILDBLUE.NET"
target=_blank>Richard Zane Smith</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A
title=ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU
href="mailto:ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU"
target=_blank>ILAT@LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU</A> </DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, November 24,
2010 4:29 PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [ILAT] suggestions
anyone?</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2>thanks Dorothy,</FONT>
<DIV><FONT size=2>I have been hearing reference to TPR in some
seminars I've attended</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2>but haven't seen anything indepth. I'll look into
it</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2>I do use my body alot while i'm teaching and
gestues,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2>which is how we all learned our first language
(without translations!)<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
<DIV> i also use puppets animals who "talk" ,so i can model
conversations</DIV>
<DIV>between myself and puppets...which ALSO means </DIV>
<DIV>there becomes more than one Language Speaker in the room!<BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>its nice to hear the advice</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>and to simply be able to talk with people who
know its value!</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote> tizhameh (thanks)</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Richard</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Wed, Nov 24, 2010 at 1:18 PM, <SPAN
dir=ltr><<A href="mailto:Dmark916@aol.com"
target=_blank>Dmark916@aol.com</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class=gmail_quote>
<DIV
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><FONT
color=#000000 size=2 face=Arial>
<DIV>Richard, what you are doing invites a special legacy for the
people, and even though it may not seem to be valued, it lights a
way for language to flourish. Many years ago (like the
1970's) Berty Seigle developed a technique call Total
Physical Response (TPR). As you are exposing very young children
to language, please consider using her approach, as it involves
movement and action in language learning. Gradually the children
anticipate the language and begin using it themselves, not in a
word-by-word context, but actually in descriptive ways. There is
no "translation" necessary. And the teachers, looking on or
looking in, can become involved as well.</DIV>
<DIV>While some teacher inservice workshops might be helpful,
without administrative backing they might just be resented. Try
the TPR approach (or some iteration of it) instead.</DIV>
<DIV>In Spirit,</DIV>
<DIV>Dorothy Martinez-K</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>In a message dated 11/24/2010 6:41:34 A.M. Pacific Standard
Time, <A href="mailto:rzs@WILDBLUE.NET"
target=_blank>rzs@WILDBLUE.NET</A> writes:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px"><FONT
style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" color=#000000 size=2
face=Arial><FONT size=2>thanks Doug and Natasha,<BR></FONT>good
way to explain it about not "giving away the answer" in
class.<BR>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>the books (Natasha) sounds
excellent...another project! for me to look into.</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>(sounds like i need to have some meetings
with these teachers)</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Its tough because ...sadly: <B>I'm
it</B>. I'm our local language revitalization effort,</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>which is foolish and even ridiculous.
there is no language committee in our tribe</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>and if anythings going to happen its
because I'm insane enough to volunteer to</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>attempt it on my own....and this is the
6th year of me ..."doing it alone"</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>You all who have healthy language/culture
revitalization efforts</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Have something to thank the Creator
for.</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Just don't forget about some of us
foolish ones, winging it alone,</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>carrying the whole weight but determined
not to give up..even if it kills us.</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>'preciate having some pros to bounce
ideas upon here on ILAT!</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>ske;noh</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>Richard</DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=gmail_quote>On Wed, Nov 24, 2010 at 2:17 AM, Natasha
L Warner <SPAN dir=ltr><<A title=mailto:nwarner@u.arizona.edu
href="mailto:nwarner@u.arizona.edu"
target=_blank>nwarner@u.arizona.edu</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: rgb(204,204,204) 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class=gmail_quote>I think Leanne Hinton's book that's actually
a guide to the Master<BR>Apprentice program, _How to Keep your
Language Alive_, has some good<BR>explanations of why
immersion without translation is the way to go.
Maybe<BR>something in that would help you with how to
explain it to the teachers.<BR>It's a challenging issue--even
people who really know better about<BR>immersion so often want
to just "help" by providing translation.
Good<BR>luck.<BR><BR>Natasha<BR><BR>*******************************************************************************<BR>Natasha
Warner<BR>Associate Professor, Department of
Linguistics<BR>University of Arizona<BR>PO Box
210028<BR>Tucson, AZ
85721-0028<BR>U.S.A.<BR><BR></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><BR
clear=all><BR>-- <BR><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px">
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px">"It
is easier to build strong children than to repair broken
men."</P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; MARGIN: 0px 0px 1em; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small">- Frederick
Douglass</SPAN></P></SPAN></I><BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></DIV></DIV></FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><BR
clear=all><BR>-- <BR><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px">
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px">"It
is easier to build strong children than to repair broken men."</P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; MARGIN: 0px 0px 1em; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small">- Frederick
Douglass</SPAN></P></SPAN></I><BR></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><BR
clear=all><BR>-- <BR><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px">
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px"><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; FONT-FAMILY: arial; FONT-SIZE: small"><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px"></SPAN></I></SPAN></P><I>
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; DISPLAY: inline !important; PADDING-TOP: 10px">"those
who desire to give up freedom in order to gain security will not
have,nor do they deserve,either one." <SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small">Benjamin
Franklin</SPAN></P></I></SPAN><I></I>
<P></P>
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px"><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; FONT-FAMILY: arial; FONT-SIZE: small"><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px"></SPAN></I></SPAN></P><I>
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; DISPLAY: inline !important; PADDING-TOP: 10px">"its
easier to build strong children than repair broken men" <SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small">Frederick Douglas</SPAN></P></I><I>
<P></P></I><I></I>
<P></P>
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px"><I></I></P><I>
<P></P></I><I></I>
<P></P>
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px"><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; FONT-FAMILY: arial; FONT-SIZE: small"><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px"></SPAN></I></SPAN></P><I>
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; DISPLAY: inline !important; PADDING-TOP: 10px"><BR><FONT
face="tahoma, sans-serif">"It is easier to build strong children than to
repair broken men"</FONT></P></I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; FONT-FAMILY: arial; FONT-SIZE: small"><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px"><I><I>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; MARGIN: 0px 0px 1em; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; DISPLAY: inline !important; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small">- Frederick
Douglass</SPAN></P></I></I></SPAN><I></I></I></SPAN><I>
<P></P></I><I></I>
<P></P>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px"><I></I></P><I>
<P></P></I><I></I>
<P></P></I><BR></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><BR
clear=all><BR>-- <BR><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px">
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px"><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; FONT-FAMILY: arial; FONT-SIZE: small"><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px"></SPAN></I></SPAN></P><I><SPAN
style="FONT-STYLE: normal">
<P
style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; PADDING-TOP: 10px">Bread
for myself is a material question. Bread for my neighbor is a spiritual
one."<SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; FONT-FAMILY: arial"><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><I><SPAN
style="FONT-STYLE: normal"></SPAN></I></SPAN></I></SPAN></P><I><I>
<P
style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; PADDING-BOTTOM: 10px; MARGIN: 0px 0px 1em; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; DISPLAY: inline !important; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small">- Nicholas
Berdyaev</SPAN></P></I></I></SPAN><I><I></I></I></I></SPAN><I><I></I>
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style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: italic; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 10px; PADDING-RIGHT: 10px; DISPLAY: inline !important; PADDING-TOP: 10px"><BR></P></I></I></DIV>"its
easier to build strong children than repair broken men" <SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: x-small">Frederick Douglas</SPAN>
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style="LINE-HEIGHT: normal; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; FONT-FAMILY: arial; FONT-SIZE: small"><I><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 19px; FONT-STYLE: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 13px"></SPAN></I></SPAN></P><I>
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