non-IE/Germanic/k/q

[Rick Mc Callister]

Kahn m. "rowboat" [jtw]

kak- "round object" > koek "cake", koekje [Dutch] > cookie;
kaka [ON] > cake;
köke "cake" [MLG] > cockaigne;
kuocho "cake" [OHG] > kuchen, quiche [cw, lt, rc]

kalbaz > calf, Kalb
[< ?Afro-Asiatic "Atlantic";
see Akk ?alpu/m "cattle"] [bc, jtw, tv97]

kalh- > callow [< ?Vasconic"] [tv97]

kante [Celtic, Germanic, Italic non IE] > Kante "edge"
[< ?Vasconic; see Basque kantu "slice, angle, rocks",
common in Iberian toponymy] [tv97, tv95]

Karpfen m., carp [bc]

Kaupo > caupo: [Latin] < Germanic; chap, cheap, kaufen [cw, tlm]

Karlaz "man." > ceorl "man" [OE] > churl;
karl "man, freeman" [ON] > carl, carling [cw]

kaur-yan > keyra "to drive" [ON] > skijoring
[acc. CW < ?IE *ge:u-] [cw]

keel, Kiel m. [bc, jtw]

ker-, kr-n > "horn"
[acc. tv, < ?Afro-Asiatic "Atlantic"; Sem. q-r-n "horn",
found in W. IE]
[also "head", acc cw] [cw, tv97]
kr-n > hurnaz > horn, Horn; cornu: "horn" [Latin] [cw, tv97]
kr-s-n > hurznuta > hyrnet [OE] > hornet [cw]
kr-ei > hraina > hreinn "reindeer" [ON] > reindeer; hrinda > hrind "ox"
[OHG] > Rinder "cattle",
rinderpest [cw]
kr at s-no- > kranion "skull" > cranium, migraine [cw]
kr- at - > kare:, kara "head" > charivari, cheer, cara "face" [Sp]; karoun "to
stupify, to be
stupified" [Gk] > carotid; katato:n [Gk] > carrot [cw]
kri: > krios "ram" [Gk] > criosphinx [cw]
ker-wo- > cervus "deer" [Latin]; cervix "neck" [Latin] [cw]
keru-do- > herutaz > heorot [OE] > hart [cw]
ker at s- > keras "horn" [Gk]; sar "head" [Pers] [cw]
ker at s-ro > cerebrum [Latin] [cw]
koru- > korumbos "uppermost point, head" [Gk] > corymb, koruphe: "head"
[Gk] > coryphaeus
[cw]
koru-do- > korudos "crested lark" [Gk] > corydalis [cw]
koru-na > korune: "club" > cornyebacterium [cw]

khro:t'o [pre-Germanic] > hro:t'/a > Ruß "soot",
[same as rot or rust?]
[< ?Afro-Asiatic "Atlantic" *qutru] [tv97]

kidh "kid" > child, kid, Kind n. [rc]

king, König m. [bc, jtw]

klip [Dutch], cliff, Klippe "sea rock" [als, tv84]

knapon > "boy" > Knabe m. "boy", knave [rc]

kn- > "to compress into a ball"
[acc. cw <? *gen-?] [cw]
kn-a-pp- > cnaepp "hilltop" > knap,
cnoppen [M Dutch] "to snap",
knappen "to snap" [MLG] > knap, knapsack;
cnop [OE] > knop [cw]
kn-a-k- > knacken "to crack" [MHG] > knackwurst [cw]
kn-a-r- > knart "know in wood" [Norw] > knarre "knob" [M Eng] > knar;
knor "a swelling" [M Eng] > knur [cw]
kn-u-b- > knobbe,
knubbe "knot in wood, knob" [MLG] > knob, nub [cw]
kn-u-k- > cnocian [OE] > knock;
gnocco, nocchio "knot in wood" [It < Germanic] > gnocchi;
knökel [MLG], knakel [M Eng] > knuckle [cw]
kn-u-l- > cnyllan [OE] "to strike" > knell, knoll;
cnoll [OE] > knoll [cw]
kn-u-p- > cnoppe [M Dutch] "knob, bud" > knobkerrie [cw]
kn-u-t- > cnytten [OE] "to tie in a knot, knit" > knit;
cnotta [OE] "knot in cord" > knot;
knu:tr "knot in cord" [ON] > knout [cw]
kn-u-th- > knodo "knob, knot" [OHG] > quenelle [Fr] > quenelle [cw]
kn-i:-b- > cni:f > knife [cw] [see below]
kn-e-th- > cnedan [OE] > knead [cw]
[?how do these relate to Sp. nudo, ñudo?]

knife, knyft "pocketknife" [W Fries],
kni:fr [Scandinavian],
Kneif/Kneip "pocketknife",
canivet [O Fr],
canif "large pocketknife" [Fr],
Basque ganibet, kanibet "pocket knife"
[< ?Vasconic] [tv95]

knight, Knecht m. "farmhand" [bc]

koll- > colla "agony, torture" [It < Germanic] [tv84]

Kosten, costian "try, prove, taste" [OE], [tlm]

kr- "curving, crooked"
[acc. cw <? IE *ger-?; see tv below] [cw]
kra:ppo:n "hook" > kra:pfo "hook, claw" > agraffe;
graper "to harvest grapes [O Fr < Germanic] > grape;
grapon [O Fr < Germanic] > grapnel; [cw]
grappa "vine stem, brandy" [It dial < Germanic] > grappa;
crumb/crump "crooked, bent, stooping" [OE] > crummie, crumpet, crumple [cw]
krimpen "to wrinkle" [LG] > crimp [cw]
crampe "hook" [M Dutch], *kramp "hook" [Frankish] > cramp [cw]
krampfo "a cramp" [OHG], O Fr [< Germanic] crampe > cramp [cw]
crypel [OE] > cripple [cw]
kreupan > cre:opan [OE] > creep [cw]
krink "a ring" [MLG] > cringle [?rel to "ring"? <?hring?] [cw]
krengan > cringan "to yield" [OE] > cringe [cw]
crinkelen "to make kinks in" [M Dutch] > crinkle [cw]
kriki "a bend, nook" [ON] > creek [cw]
kro:kr "a hook" [ON] > crook [cw]
kro:k [Frankish] "hook" > croc "a hook" [O Fr] > crochet, crocket, croquet,
crouch, encroach [cw]
crycc "bent staff, crutch" [OE] > crutch [cw]
crosse "crook" [O Fr < Germanic] > crosier, lacrosse [cw]
crulle "curly" [M Dutch] > cruller, curl [cw]
[?rel. crispus (Latin)?]
cranc-staef "a weaving implement" [OE] > crank [cw]
krake "a sickly beast" [Norw], crok [M Eng] "old ewe" > crock [cw]
karpa "to boast [ON] > to carp [cw]
kroes "curled" [M Dutch], grosele [O Fr < Germanic] "gooseberry" >
grossularite [cw]
[?also gooseberry < groseberry?] [cw]

kr- "rounded mass, collection"
[acc. cw < ?IE *ger-] [cw]
cruma "fragment" [OE] > crumb [cw]
kruppa "rump" [Frankish],
croup "rump" [O Fr < Germanic] > croup, croupier, crupper [cw]
cropp "cluster, bunch, ear of corn" [OE] > crop [cw]
gruppo [It < ?Germanic] > group [cw]
crocc "pot" [OE] > crock [cw]
cruyse "pot" [M Dutch] > cruse [cw]
cribb "manger" [OE] > crib [cw]
cradel [OE] > cradle [cw]
kripya "cradle" [Frankish],
cresche "crib" [O Fr < Germanic] > crèche
craet "wagon" [OE], kartr "wagon" [ON] > cart [cw]
croft "small enclosed field" [OE] > croft [cw]

krab- > krafla "to crawl" [ON] > crawl
[acc. cw < ? IE *gerbh] [cw]

Krabbe, Krebs, crab
[< ?Afro-Asiatic "Atlantic";
see Akk aqrabu]
[see Gr. kárabos "crab", skorpiós]
[acc. cw, Germanic *krabb < IE *gerbh- "to scratch"] [cw, tv95, tv97]

k'rimp'an "tense, cramped" > krapfo "hook, claw" > cramp, Krampf; krapfen
"fritters, donut"
[< ?Vasconic;
see pre-Basque *garba "broke, junk", *krapo "claw, clip, junk"]
[acc. cw < ? IE *ger-] [cw, tv95, tv97]

Krippe f., crib [jtw]

ku- "hollow, round, lump" [cw, rc]
kubo:n "hut, shed, room" > cofa "bedchamber, closet" [OE] > cove;
cubbe "pen, stall" [M Dutch] > cubby;
*kuba-wald "house ruler" [Germanic] > kobolt [MHG] > cobold, kobold [cw]
kutam > cot [OE] > cot, cottage [cw]
kuto:n > cote "shelter" [OE] > cote [cw]
k[e]ud- > codd "bag, husk" [OE] > cod;
cudele "cuttlefish" (refers to ink bag) [OE] > cuttle [cw]
k[e]ut- > cieter "intestines" [OE] > chiterling [M Eng] > chitterlings,
chitlins [cw]
kukk- > cok "haycock, pile of straw" [M Eng] > cock [cw]
kuk- > ci:cen [OE] > chicken [cw]
kugg- > kugge "cog" M Swedish], cog [cw]
kuggila > cygel [OE] > cudgel [cw]
keulaz > kielswin [LG] > kielson;
kiel [M Dutch] > keel [cw]
ku:p > ku:pe "cask, tub, barrel" [M Dutch] > cooper [cw]
kunt > kunte [MHG] > cunte [M Eng] [cw]
ku:ra: > ku:ra: "to crouch, lay in wait" [Ice.],
couren [M Eng] > cower [cw]
ku:ga "to oppress" [O Norse] > to cow [cw]

ku:z/e [HG 15th c.] > Kauz [type of owl]
[?< Vasconic *kuwonts/a > *k^u:nts > *k^u:ts,
see Basque hutz, ontz] [tv97]

quabbeln "to tremble, shake like jelly" [LG],
quaven "to tremble" > quaver
[acc. cw <? IE * gwe:bh-] [cw]

quac "unguent, liquid" [M Dutch" > quacksalver
[acc. cw <? IE * gwe:bh-] [cw]

Quelle "spring, fountain"
[< ?Afro-Asiatic "Atlantic"] [tv97]
[?rel. to "well"?]