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I've started to use the term "exposure language," for several
reasons:
<ul>
<li>"input" assumes that the child takes everything in
<li>"motherese" and "caregiver talk" exclude talk
from non-parents and non-caregivers (siblings, peers, other adults,
etc.)
<li>"child directed speech" excludes what children learn from
overheard speech
<li>"baby talk" is ambiguous: could mean talk produced by or
for babies
</ul>"Exposure language" or "ambient language" allow
one to consider characteristics of talk that children are exposed to or
surrounded by,<br>
without prejudging any of the issues mentioned above.<br><br>
Dan Slobin<br><br>
<br>
At 02:08 AM 12/4/2006, Matthew Saxton wrote:<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite=""><font face="Arial, Helvetica">
Dear All,<br>
<br>
Could anyone please help me trace the provenance of the terms we have for
how adults talk to young children? I’m thinking in particular of
<i>motherese</i>, <i>baby talk</i>, <i>Child Directed Speech </i>and<i>
caregiver talk.</i> (If I’ve missed any obvious ones, do please let me
know this also).<br>
<br>
My guess for <i>baby talk</i> is Charles Ferguson around 1971, though a
specific reference would be helpful. The earliest use of <i>motherese</i>
I can trace is:<br>
<br>
Vorster, J. (1975). Mommy linguist – the case for motherese. <i>Lingua,
37/4,</i> 281-312.<br>
<br>
Catherine Snow does not seem to use the term <i>motherese</i> in her 1972
article, but I would imagine there is an earlier source than Vorster
(1975) (given Vorster’s acknowledgement of Snow).<br>
<br>
For <i>Child Directed Speech</i> (with a hyphen), I go back as far
as:<br>
<br>
Warren-Leubecker, A. & Bohannon, J.N. (1984). Intonation patterns in
child-directed speech – mother-father differences. <i>Child Development,
55/4,</i> 1379-1385.<br>
<br>
As for <i>caregiver talk</i>, this phrase throws up precisely no
references in a standard search. Julian Pine talks about “the language of
primary caregivers” in 1995, but that’s not quite the same thing:<br>
<br>
Pine, J. (1995). The language of primary caregivers. In C. Gallaway &
B.J. Richards (eds.) <i>Input and interaction in language
acquisition</i>. Cambridge: C.U.P..<br>
<br>
Maybe no-one has actually used the phrase <i>caregiver talk</i> and I
should strike it from the record. In any event, any help tracing these
terms back to their various sources would be very much appreciated.<br>
<br>
Regards,<br>
<br>
Matthew Saxton.<br>
<br>
*********************************************************************<br>
</font><font face="Times New Roman, Times"> <br>
</font><font face="Arial, Helvetica">Matthew Saxton MA, MSc, DPhil<br>
School of Psychology and Human Development,<br>
Institute of Education,<br>
25 Woburn Square,<br>
London,<br>
WC1H 0AA.<br>
U.K.<br>
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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>><br>
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