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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>For many times I tried to send this
message written immediately after Fritz <span class=SpellE>Goering</span> and
Peter Kirk’s discussion on<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Lexicographylist</span></font></span><font
size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'>, it was not delivered to the members on different reasons. Now I
am trying to send it again. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><font size=3 color=navy face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>Best wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoAutoSig><font size=3 color=navy face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;mso-no-proof:yes'>Hayim Y. Sheynin<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> Hayim Sheynin
[mailto:<st1:PersonName w:st="on">hsheynin19444@yahoo.com</st1:PersonName>] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> </span></font><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span lang=HE dir=RTL style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;
mso-bidi-language:HE'>ã</span></font><span dir=LTR></span><font size=2
face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'><span dir=LTR></span>
23 </span></font><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=HE dir=RTL
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;mso-bidi-language:HE'>ôáøåàø</span></font><span
dir=LTR></span><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Tahoma'><span dir=LTR></span> 2005 22:59<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <st1:PersonName w:st="on">Dr.
Hayim Y. Sheynin</st1:PersonName><br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Hutzpa / hutzpe</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>To the Lexicography listeners.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Several days ago I tried to send this message from my home
computer with different email address, but this message was not delivered,
since the Yahoo groops accept the messages only from subscribed email
addresses. Now I am trying to resend it, even realizing that the interest to
this word may have passed. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>The word hutspah (from the root het-tsade-peh) is of Aramaic
provenance. In Hebrew texts of the Rabbinic period it is frequently
interchenged with the segolate noun |hotsef| In the written language it occurs
for the first time in Mishnah treatise Sanhedrin 101,105 [about 3rd cent. B,C.)
and Aramaic Targum to Jeremia 3:3 (about 1st cent. C.E.) It is generally
translated by German Frechheit (insolence, impudence, effrontery, audacity). In
the most ancient occurancies it is said mostly on relation of man to God. In
the case of Jeremia it is about impudence of a street woman. In the ancient
period this was pretty rare word. However when it was adopted in modern Hebrew
and especially in Yiddish, the usage was drastically increased, but all the
meanings of Frechheit prevailed in relation not only to God, but to also other
man or society, The meaning of daring was adopted in time of borrowing the word
as Yiddishism in American English, but even increased following publication of
a famous book of the same title by Alan Dershowitz, the Harvard professor of
Law and an advocate of civil rights..<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>The regular modern Hebrew meaning is 'insolence'. (Check G. Dalman,
Aramaeisch-Neuhebraeisches Handwoerterbuch, Frankfurt a. M., 1922; Even
Shoshan, 1960, v.1)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>For German I used an older spelling replacing the Umlaut with e after
the effected vowel.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>NB. By the way, it is of interest to the linguists, how the word
changed the category of gender.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Hutspa in Aramaic is spelled with aleph after letter peh. In Aramaic
this is a definite state of a noun of masculine gender (in Hebrew = ha-hotsef),
but Hebrew speakers hear the stress on the last syllable and imagine regular he
at the end, which is an ending of feminine gender (exactly like -a in the Latin
first declension Nom.Sg., e.g. silva, puella, patria), so in modern Hebrew they
write it with he at the end and consider the noun of feminine gender.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Hayim Y. Sheynin <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Do you Yahoo!?<br>
Yahoo! Mail - Find what you need with new enhanced search. <a
href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/evt=29917/*http:/info.mail.yahoo.com/mail_250">Learn
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