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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;">I think beside political reasons and religious
taboo, there <span class="GramE">are</span> something deep in national or tribal
identity (or mind) of ethnic groups that prompt creation of certain words that
other group do not create. If you try to translate a literary or abstract (let
say philosophical) text from one language (language A) to another (language B)
you will frequently stumble that there is no an equivalent <span class="GramE">In</span>
language B. So you would solve this problem by one of the following ways: 1. create
the equivalent (this is called neologism) or 2. <span class="GramE">translate</span>
the word or a sentence paraphrasing it. Sometimes a word is missing, because
the speakers of a particular language are not familiar with a realia which is
common in other milieu.<o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;"><o> </o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;">As a joke I can exemplify my words with a
translation of the word tramway in one of German-Latin dictionaries – “carus
communis”<o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;">English ‘omnibus’ is also a
sample of similar creation. Latin word ‘omnibus’ means ‘for
all, or for every body’, but there was already word “autobus”
and ‘omnibus’ was understood as ‘big autobus, two story bus.’<o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;"><o> </o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;">This topic has interesting link to over
creative mind. Look for example in some languages there are doubles for many
concepts or realia. Exemple, in German: TV and Fernsee, Radio and Telefunken or
something similar. In Russian almost every illness has double name: one
scholarly, another folk or popular (hepatit – zheltukha, epilepsis –
paduchaja; tuberculjoz – chakhotka, etc., etc) <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;"><o> </o></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">Best wishes,<o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">Hayim<o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;"> <o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;">============</span></font><font color="navy"><span style="color:navy;"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><u1><st1><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">Dr. Hayim Y. Sheynin</span></font></st1></u1><font color="navy"><span style="color:navy;"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">Adjunct Professor of
Jewish Literature<o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><u1><u1><st1><st1><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">Gratz</u1></span></font></st1><font color="navy"><span style="color:navy;"> <u1><st1>College</u1></st1></u1></span></font></st1><font color="navy"><span style="color:navy;"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><u1><u1><st1><st1><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">7605 Old York Rd.</u1></u1></span></font></st1></st1><font color="navy"><span style="color:navy;"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><u1><u1><st1><st1><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">Melrose Park</u1></span></font></st1><font color="navy"><span style="color:navy;">, <u1><st1>PA</u1></st1> <u1><st1>19027</u1></st1></u1></span></font></st1><font color="navy"><span style="color:navy;"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;"><o> </o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">Tel.: 215 635-7300 x 161<o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">Fax: 215 635-7320<o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoAutoSig"><font size="3" color="navy" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:navy;">email: <u1><st1>hsheynin@gratz.edu</u1></st1><o></o></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy;"><o> </o></span></font></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold;">From:</span></font></b><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;">
lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com [mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com] <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">On Behalf Of </span></b>Fritz Goerling<br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold;">Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, March 22, 2006
4:35 PM<br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold;">To:</span></b>
lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com<br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold;">Subject:</span></b> RE: [Lexicog] Words that
are absent in particular languages</span></font><o></o></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:
12.0pt;"><o> </o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;">There can be political reasons. The French resist the
Americanization of their</span></font><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;">language far more than the Germans. At the time of <st1><st1>Frederick</st1></st1> the Great it
was</span></font><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;">chic in <st1><st1>Germany</st1></st1>
to speak FRENCH. In certain domains the influence</span></font><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;">is obvious: in fashion and gastronomy (words from French),
banking and technology (from</span></font><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;">English).</span></font><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"> <o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;">Fritz</span></font><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"> <o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;">Bill Poser wrote: </span></font><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"><o></o></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><tt><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:
10.0pt;">What to me is perhaps more interesting is why it is that languages</span></font></tt><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";"><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">create words for some new items and not for
others. Why, for example,</font></tt><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">does Carrier have no term other than
"TV" for television, which</font></tt><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">has been around for several decades, but a native
formation (meaning</font></tt><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">"that by which things are warmed
quickly") for "microwave oven", a more</font></tt><br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">recent introduction?</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font face="Courier New">Bill</font></tt><br>
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