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style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Dear Mike Cahill<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> The other major thing I wanted to mention
is the output. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> It's possible to do a reverse gloss, an
index. A lot<BR>> of dictionaries I've seen have the format Boko-English,
where as you say,<BR>> the Boko is the head word, with explication in
English. But there's also a<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> "finder index", giving an English word
(gloss) and then a pointer to the<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> fuller Boko entry. That's what's possible
in the current FieldWorks.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">I haven't looked at FieldWorks yet but from
Clair's review and your explanation above it seems that the "finder index" isn't
an improvement of the Toolbox feature.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Clair is right that endangered languages need
dictionaries that have both sections, that is Language-English and
English-Language. And the English section should be more than just a finder
index. The experience shows that many native people who want to re-learn their
ancestral language don't take the pains in referring to the front section.
Instead they simply use the word they find in the finder index in whichever way
they feel it is appropriate (i.e. without studying the usage rules).</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Moreover, as you know, it is very frequently
the case that for a single English word there are multiple lexemes used in the
other language, often with subtle meaning differences. In Lakota there are
dozens of words for 'come', 'go', 'bring', 'take'. Listing these in a finder
index just makes the student overwhelmed and does not encourage him/her to refer
to the ten or fifteen listed lexemes in the front section where meaning and
usage are explained in detail. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"></SPAN> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Most of the modern languages have student
dictionaries with both sections being full-fledged dictionaries of their own,
with detailed information on meaning and usage. This is probably more than most
endangered languages can hope for, but it would be very helpful if we could at
least provide a finder index with a comment for each word, for
instance:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">come:<SPAN
class=456531406-06092006> -- </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">vi.<SPAN class=456531406-06092006> </SPAN>hi
<EM>(to have come here)</EM>, u <EM>(to be coming here)</EM>, gli <EM>(to have
come back here)</EM>, ku <EM>(to be coming back here)</EM>; hiyu <EM>(to start
coming)<o:p></o:p></EM></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><SPAN
class=456531406-06092006> -- </SPAN>vcol.<SPAN
class=456531406-06092006> </SPAN>ahi <EM>(they all have come here)</EM>, au
<EM>(they all are coming here)</EM>, agli <EM>(they all have come back
here)</EM>, aku <EM>(they all are coming back here)</EM>; ahiyu <EM>(they all
start <SPAN
class=456531406-06092006> </SPAN>coming)<o:p></o:p></EM></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">In our current work on the Lakota language
dictionary we are hoping to provide such Lakota section, which would be fuller
then just a finder index. But Toolbox does not help to automate the process (at
least partly) or provide a database structure that would support this type of
output.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">I hope this helps to clarify the needs of
endangered languages. Many thanks to SIL team for the lexicography
tools.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Jan<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Jan
Ullrich<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
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style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Lakota
Language Consortium<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><A
href="http://www.lakhota.org/">www.lakhota.org</A><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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