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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:PersonName w:st="on"><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Micha</span></font></st1:PersonName><font
color=black><span style='color:black'>el,</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>I am interested in the question to what
extent language shapes (our perception of) society or the other way round. That
is the old Sapir-Whorff hypothesis. I agree with the word “to shape”,
but would reject a stronger word like “to determine.” How far can
language- engineering go, what power do dictionary-makers or politicians have
to impose language use?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Your example of “madre biológica”
makes me think about what is a prototypical “mother.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>What is evoked in our mind by the
stimulus “mother?” I think it is universally valid that the mother
is sacred. From the religious point of view, Jews, Christians and Muslims might
think of “Eve”? For some it is “Mary”? Adherents of non-monotheistic
faiths or atheists might have other ideas of an Über-mother.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>If we associate ideas of “caring,
nurturing” with a mother, than a caring female foster parent deserves
more to be called “mother” than an uncaring, callous “biological
mother.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>In German we call such a cruel mother “Rabenmutter”
(raven mother). Bert Brecht, the German playwright wrote a play entitled “Mutter
Courage”, the model of a very committed, courageous woman. A great
motherly type of woman might be called the “mother of the nation.” Why
can one say in English “mother church” but not “she mothered
a movement?”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Why do we say in German “Muttersprache”
(mother tongue) but not “Mutterland” (we say “Vaterland”
= fatherland)? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>What uses of “mother” have to
go into a contemporary dictionary which claims to reflect usage? “Fatherhood”
and “motherhood” (and other traditional family terms like “husband”
which we discussed already) are being redefined in certain circles. Will these
redefinitions make it into a dictionary of general usage or rather be found in a
“politically correct” dictionary which, when the political climate
changes, will be a thing of the past?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Fritz Goerling<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div id=ygrp-mlmsg>
<div style='float:left;z-index:1' id=ygrp-msg>
<div id=ygrp-text>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><st1:PersonName w:st="on"><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'>Micha</span></font></st1:PersonName><font
color=black><span style='color:black'>el Nicholas wrote<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'> The widescale tagging of new meanings to old words is I
think a sign of a new style of prescriptive lexicography based on political
correctness. If a dictionary claims to portray what a word means according to
popularity of use, then it is open to all sorts of changes from pressure groups
and interested parties. I believe that language shapes our perception of
society. At this rate we should start thinking, as behoves people interested in
lexicography, in coming up with a list of neutral terms. Spanish seems to be
making up for lost time when it comes to new meanings added to existing words.
We have "madre biológica" which is a type of mother, i.e. the one who
actually gave birth to the child as opposed to, I imagine, mothers who don't
give birth to a child.<br>
<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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