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Allan Johnson wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid001e01c75715$a65bc3f0$7500010a@JohnsonA1400"
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<p> <span>Last Saturday, talking about how hot the sun had been when
I
went jogging that afternoon, I said that the sun had “blared” at me
the whole time. Then thinking about what I had just said, I corrected
myself
– “no, I think the word is “glared”. But that slip-up
made me wonder if there’s some real connection between the following
words: </span> </p>
<p> <span> </span> </p>
<p> <span>blare – for something (like a radio) to make a sound
intense enough that you want to plug your ears </span> </p>
<p> <span>glare – for something (like the sun) to emit light bright
enough that you need to squint or close your eyes </span> </p>
<p> <span>stare – for someone to look at you intently enough to
make you feel uncomfortable </span> </p>
<p> <span> </span> </p>
<p> <span>They all seem to share the idea of an intensity that’s
too intense for comfort. And they all share that a-r-e ending. What
would you
call that piece of the word? Is it a morpheme? Or maybe something on a
sub-morphemic level? </span> </p>
<p> <span> </span> </p>
<p> <span>It would be interesting to know if anything along these
lines has been researched. It might shed some light on things I’ve seen
in Austronesian languages – things which also sometimes seem to carry
meaning on a level below that of the morpheme. </span> </p>
<p> <span> </span> </p>
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</blockquote>
>From John Roberts:<br>
<br>
I am sure meaning can be expressed in language that is sub-morphemic or
cross-morphemic but I don't think the three English examples you give
have such a common thread of meaning. *blare* and *glare* do have
'intense emission' of sound on the one hand and light on the other as a
common thread. But *stare* doesn't have the meaning you give to it - at
least not as a basic meaning. The English dictionaries I have consulted
have something like 'to look at something/someone for a long time with
eyes wide open' for *stare*. They say you do this when you are amazed,
afraid or deep in thought. But the meaning of 'intense emission' is not
there. <br>
<br>
Another word that would go with *blare* and *glare* is *flare* (v)
which has the meaning of a flame suddenly burning brightly. So this has
the meaning of intense emission of flame. *blare* is probably related
to *bellow*, *glare* is probably related to *glass* and *flare* is
probably related to *flame*. But *blare* comes from the MDu *blaren*,
*glare* comes from the MDu *glaren* and *flare* is 'origin unknown'.
But the point is these words have come into English already formed. So
in the end the fact that these three English words have a common thread
of meaning and share a similarity of form is mainly an accident of
language development.<br>
<br>
John Roberts<br>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
********************
John R Roberts
SIL International Linguistics Consultant
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:dr_john_roberts@sil.org">dr_john_roberts@sil.org</a>
********************</pre>
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