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Speaking as someone who just had to look up the terms _anneal_ and _spoliator_ used by non-native speakers in recent essays (albeit, the former case was a rather bizarre use of a verb 'to anneal' in a syntactic construction where it would have been appropriate to use a noun: 'The anneal of business experience'), I believe anything that would help communicators assess the likelihood that their readers (and still more, hearers) would be able to understand terms used would be a good thing.<BR><DIV> <SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: auto; -khtml-text-decorations-in-effect: none; text-indent: 0px; -apple-text-size-adjust: auto; text-transform: none; orphans: 2; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; "><DIV>Cheers,</DIV><DIV>radney</DIV><DIV>(J. Randolph Radney, Ph. D.</DIV><DIV><A href="mailto:radney@twu.ca">radney@twu.ca</A>)</DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><BR class="Apple-interchange-newline"></SPAN> </DIV><BR><DIV><DIV>On 30 May 2007, at 16:12, bolstar1 wrote:</DIV><BR class="Apple-interchange-newline"><BLOCKQUOTE type="cite"><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: auto; -khtml-text-decorations-in-effect: none; text-indent: 0px; -apple-text-size-adjust: auto; text-transform: none; orphans: 2; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; "><DIV id="ygrp-mlmsg" style="width:655px; position:relative;; font-family: arial; font-size: 13px; "><DIV id="ygrp-msg" style="width: 490px; padding: 0 15px 0 0; float:left; z-index:1;; font-family: arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><DIV id="ygrp-text"><P style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">Case for frequency-listing & attending-words/</SPAN><WBR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">phrases listing (lexical </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">inclusion) </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">Imagine a person learning, say, English, and randomly picking the </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">word `bilious' out of a thesaurus for a term with the meaning </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">irritable, grouchy, or ornery, and using it in the next conversation </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">with a native speaker. The native speaker might learn a new word for </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">the effort-*, and even get a chuckle for the day out of it, but it </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">would have been far more practical for the learner to </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">learn `irritable' or `spiteful, or `hyper-touchy.</SPAN></WBR><WBR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">' </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">I'd like to proffer, or more accurately, add to, the argument for </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">including frequency ratings to lexical entries, both dictionaries and </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">thesauruses. Although this would require considerable thought, </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">organization, and conference-activity in the lexicographical </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">community to establish well-grounded and widely acceptable "norms," </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">it would seem to offer great benefits for the effort. </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">For the sake of economy of space, as well as for fine-tuning </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">leverage, a numbering scale (1-10) could be employed. Short and </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">easily distinguished from other information, the ranking would give </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">the searcher an idea of how much weight to give to any particular </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">term (main entry). It could be listed immediately after the </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">pronunciation guide (for general usage) or after the field/context </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">identifier (for jargon-related terms). Both main entries and synonyms </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">used in defining them (synonyms themselves in thesauruses) "could be" </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">ranked. Whether the entries are identified as unique to a particular </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">a field, activity, etc. (jargon related) or generally used (common </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">vernacular), the result would be a broadening of the `usage' category </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">without adding an inordinate amount of space to it. </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">For example, under `angry'/'anger' the entry could read as </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">follows, with rank designated "r.": </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">an∙gry |`aeng gree| {r. 1} *adj.; (angrier, angriest) feeling strong </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">annoyance, irritation, hostility, ready to lose one's temper: I </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">get angry every time I listen to him.</SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">attending words/phrases: </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">angry with s…e</SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">angry at s…e </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">I'm so angry I could scream. </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">I'm so angry I can't see straight. </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">walk off (leave) angry</SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">related phrases: </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">righteous anger </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">pent-up anger </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">filled with anger </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">bristle with anger </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">take one's anger out on someone</SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">Additional in importance to frequency is the use of particles </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">attending the root word, and phrases commonly using the root. To </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">determine ranking numbers and inclusions of attending words, using </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">computational linguistics that glean frequencies would be easy and </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">straightforward -- but additional consensus-forming and vote-taking </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">among lexicographers/</SPAN></WBR><WBR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">linguists would refine the results. Identifying </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">and selecting the most commonly used attending words & phrases could </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">follow a similar strategy. </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">The devil would be in the details, each root word having </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">variations distinct to that word's uses in their own contexts. </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">Naturally, space limitations are a key factor in determining the </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">extent of the `attendant-words listing,' (`attending-</SPAN></WBR><WBR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">words listing'), </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">but it, along with frequency listing, are integral parts of learning </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">& using words correctly, and indeed phrasal and corpus focus have </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">become buzz words in linguistics, self-evident aspects of having </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">quality lexical collations. </SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; ">Scott Nelson</SPAN><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><BR style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "></WBR></P></DIV><SPAN width="1" style="color: white;; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 15px; "></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR>
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