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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=4 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;color:black'>For me the question is “For what
purpose should Shakespeare (or any author) be modernized?” </span></font><font
size=4><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Shakespeare was bowdlerized, and efforts
are going on to edit the Christian content out of C.S. Lewis’ ”Narnia”
books.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>How about rewriting Shakespeare in
inclusive language?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Fritz Goerling<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>"Better a witty fool than a foolish wit." Is
this the use of <br>
antistrophe or chiasmus? Well, here the use, or frequency of use, <br>
would take precedence over any particular dictionary, because "it's <br>
all one" according to the dictionaries. My gut tells me "chiasmus,"
<br>
but the OneLook Reverse Dictionary doesn't list it under "inverse," <br>
but it does list "antistrophe" (both alluding to the reverse order of
<br>
parallel phrases.) <br>
This all becomes trivial pursuit however, when balanced against <br>
the original meaning of Shakey. According to C.T. Onions, and backed <br>
up by disparate lines in Bardies' collection of plays, the original <br>
meaning of "witty" here is "wise" or "prudent" --
other than we would <br>
assume (or do we even assume we know the meaning of the cryptic <br>
phrase in the first place?). The meaning of "witty" has lost that <br>
connotational color in today's one-liner-world of Leno and Letterman <br>
(sorry, <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Carson</st1:place></st1:City>,
that you didn't get mentioned). <br>
This example would also be grist for the purist-mill in <br>
castigating 'modernizers-<wbr>of-Shakespeare'<wbr>, if it weren't for the <br>
matter of words changing meaning 180 degrees (oppo-semantic-<wbr>shift)-- <br>
an issue that, for me, makes modernizing Shakespeare more than an <br>
idealist-torch for hip-lingo-Anglophil<wbr>es. (e.g. In III Henry VI 1.4.3-<br>
5 "My uncles both are slain in rescuing me/And all my followers to <br>
the eager foe/Turn back and fly..."). Rather than hot pursuit of the <br>
enemy, 'turn back' means "turn their backs on" -- i.e. "flee in <br>
fear". Would changing the wording "turn back and fly" to
"Turn their <br>
backs and flee" be such a roll-over-in-<wbr>his-grave affront to the <br>
genius of Shakey -- if it meant understanding what he meant? <br>
Oviously, the following context indicates the meaning -- but that's <br>
an eventual understanding, if the listener/audience/<wbr>reader would like <br>
to go back to re-interpret what has now turned to a new phrasal <br>
enigma, to perhaps re-interpret a line or two later. <br>
These examples show how tricky modernization can be. Many more <br>
examples, especially of verse, not open-prose, could be cited to <br>
illustrate the conundrums involved. But the question to me is not <br>
really "Should shakespeare be modernized" as much as "At what
point <br>
in the current/future English language era must it be modernized?"<br>
<br>
Scott Nelson<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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