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Is it not more productive to classify categories -or/-er and -ee nouns along active-passive lines? It is clear that both morphologically and semantically -ee<br>formations are parallel to Latin -atus, -ata, -atum past participles or French participe passe (e accent aigu) . The -ee words that cannot be explained by this concept (like biographee) are formed by analogy.<br><br><b><i>John Roberts <dr_john_roberts@sil.org></i></b> wrote:<blockquote class="replbq" style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"> <!-- Network content --> <div id="ygrp-text"> <div> <br> <br> Mike Maxwell wrote: </div><blockquote cite="mid4685089A.50308@ldc.upenn.edu" type="cite"> <pre
wrap="">I'm confused by a couple things here (and a lot of things elsewhere in <br>the world).<br><br>John Roberts wrote:<br><snip><br> </pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">However, according to Urdang (1982) its current usage has expanded <br>beyond these beginnings. Now it has (at least) the following senses:<br><br> </pre> </blockquote> <pre wrap=""><!----><snip><br> </pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">2. 'A person or persons that are recipients of the result of an action': <br>/amputee/, /biographee/<wbr>, /selectee/.<br>3. 'A person furnished with' the thing named by the combining root: <br>/custodee/, /patentee/, /mortgagee/.<br><br>Senses 1, 2 and 4 are based on the semantic properties of the verb from <br>which the /-ee/ form is derived and sense 3 is based on the thing named <br>by the combining root. <br> </pre> </blockquote> <pre wrap=""><!----> Is 'biographee' incorrectly categorized? I don't know of any
verb related to 'biography'. (One might question whether 'patentee' and 'mortgagee' are correctly categorized, or whether they in fact relate to the verb, but these cases are less clear, and might have dual sources in some sense anyway.) </pre> </blockquote> I assume the 'action' for biographee is 'write a biography'. The biographer is the one who writes the biography and the biographee is the one whom the biography is about. But I am not clear how the biographee is the recipient of the action - more like the beneficiary - but that would depend on the biography, wouldn't it?<br> <blockquote cite="mid4685089A.50308@ldc.upenn.edu" type="cite"> <pre wrap=""></pre> <blockquote type="cite"> <pre wrap="">But Chris Barker's semantic analysis (see below) <br>only seems to take into account the senses that can be related to verbs.<br><br>The formation of /-ee/ nouns systematically adheres to three essentially <br>semantic constraints:<br>first, the referent of an
/-ee/ noun must be sentient;<br>second, the denotation of an /-ee/ noun must be episodically linked (as <br>defined below) to the denotation of its stem;<br>and third, a use of an /-ee/ noun entails a relative lack of volitional <br>control on the part of its referent.<br><br>(39) A derived noun N is EPISODICALLY LINKED to its stem S iff for every <br>stage </x, e/> in the stage set of N, /e/ is a member of the set of <br>events that characterizes S.<br> </pre> </blockquote> <pre wrap=""><!----> I don't see anything in this semantic analysis that refers to verbs?? The defn in (39) refers to a stem of undefined category, and stages and events. Can't nouns denote events that have stages? </pre> </blockquote> You are right. Nouns can denote events. So "biograph" denotes the event of writing a biography and this includes a biographer and a biographee as necessary sentient participants in the event. <br> <br> But that still doesn't help us with the derivation
below because "ment" is neither a noun or a verb and consequently doesn't name an event. Yet it is apparently more popular than "mentoree".<br> <br> <pre wrap="">-or form BACKFORM -ee form<br>mentor (n) -> ment (v) -> mentee (n)<br><br></pre> John R<br> <br> <br> -- <br> ************<wbr>********<br> John R Roberts<br> SIL International Linguistics Consultant<br> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:dr_john_roberts@sil.org">dr_john_roberts@<wbr>sil.org</a><br> ************<wbr>******** <div></div> </div> <!--End group email --> </blockquote><br><p>
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