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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Bill,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Let me comment within your mail below.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3 color=navy face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;color:navy'>Bill Poser wrote:</span></font><br>
<br>
With regard to the Arabic words for "love", it is certainly<br>
possible that no two of them are synonyms. <font color=navy><span
style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> The same
applies, of course, to my Dutch examples.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>I don't know Arabic<font color=navy><span
style='color:navy'> </span></font>nearly well enough to know. My point is only
that there CAN be<br>
synonyms. Whether in any particular case word conventionally<br>
glossed the same way actually are synonyms will depend on the<br>
case.<font color=navy><span style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> It
would have been easier if I had just used a few English words to make my point.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> Let’s
take love, affection, appreciation, fondness, liking. In a romantic context,
what word/verb<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> would lovers
most likely use and want to hear? I guess ‘I love you’. The other
words are<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> just
not “synonyms” in such a context.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font>But,
another point to note is, insofar as only one Arabic word is<br>
appropriate for translating "God is love" in the New Testament,<br>
that might be due to a differences in truth conditional meaning<br>
(perhaps the other words all imply a sexual aspect) or connotation,<font
size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;
color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> Right.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>but I can imagine that only one word is appropriate
simply because<br>
it is the only word that belongs to the appropriate register. <font color=navy><span
style='color:navy'><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> Right.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Here is an interesting example
from the New Testament that demonstrates the issue of our discussion:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=IPIndentedPara><font size=2 face="CG Times"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>“In John 21:15–17, in the interchange between Jesus and
Peter the occurrence of <i><span style='font-style:italic'>agapao</span></i>
and <i><span style='font-style:italic'>phileo</span></i> poses a well-known
exegetical problem. Exegetes and translators do not agree whether there is a deeper
meaning in Jesus’ use of the verbs <i><span style='font-style:italic'>agapao</span></i>
and <i><span style='font-style:italic'>phileo</span></i>. The majority of
interpreters (to which I belong) think that the theme of the passage is love.
By his threefold question Jesus tests Peter’s love who had denied him
three times. The different choice of verbs has to do with the style of John,
the author of the Gospel, who has a tendency to vary his style to say the same
thing. Therefore I recommend that the two different Greek verbs are rendered by
the same verb in English<i><span style='font-style:italic'>.” </span></i>(adapted
from an article I have written on the subject).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=IPIndentedPara style='text-indent:0in'><font size=3 face="CG Times"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>You see I am not dogmatic in my definition of “synonyms.”
I even propose to translate agapao (to love) and phileo (to be a friend; to like)
in this context by the same verb for good exegetical reasons. So I would
consider the two verbs here as quasi-synonyms. I could equally defend to
translate them differently for good exegetical reasons. It all depends on
context.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Best wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Fritz<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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