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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Periodically someone on the LexicographyList asks for advice on
choosing a software package for their dictionary project. I’m not sure if we
are all aware of the resources on our LexicographyList website. (I wasn’t.) There
is a page on the website that contains links to quite a few software packages. The
URL is:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><a
href="http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/lexicographylist/links/Software_001073452817/">http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/lexicographylist/links/Software_001073452817/</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>I’ve compiled the information I have into a Word document and have
pasted the contents below. There is some overlap between my list and the list
on the LexicographyList page. I would welcome any additions and corrections. It
would be nice if we could expand our website page to include all the resources
that we are aware of and if we could give a brief review and/or endorsement of
those that we have used. [note to <st1:PersonName w:st="on">Wayne Leman</st1:PersonName>:
<st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Wayne</st1:place></st1:City>, can the
information below be added to the website and modified as necessary?] Then we
can merely refer future inquiries to that page.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'>Ron Moe<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoTitle><b><font size=6 face=Arial><span style='font-size:24.0pt'>Lexicography
Software<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<h1><b><font size=5 face=Arial><span style='font-size:16.0pt'>Professional
lexicography software<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h1>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Fieldworks
Language Explorer (FLEx)<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Fieldworks
is still being developed (as of 2009) but is perhaps the most well developed
and complete system for investigating, managing, and formatting dictionary data.
It is based on a well-thought through and sophisticated model of the lexicon
and has very powerful tools for rapidly developing a dictionary. It is designed
to describe a single language, and enables you to produce a monolingual,
bilingual, or multilingual dictionary of that language. It has an active email
user support group that is very good at answering user questions.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Their
website gives the following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>FieldWorks
Language Explorer is the lexical and text tools component of SIL Fieldworks. It
is an open source desktop application designed to help field linguists perform
many common tasks. It can help you:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<ul style='margin-top:0in' type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>elicit and record
lexical information<o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>create dictionaries<o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>interlinearize texts<o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><font size=3
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>study morphology<o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
</ul>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>FieldWorks
was reviewed in vol 1 of Language Documentation & Conservation: </span></font><code><b><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;
font-weight:bold'><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10125/1730">http://hdl.handle.net/10125/1730</a>
</span></font></b></code><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.sil.org/computIng/fieldworks/">http://www.sil.org/computIng/fieldworks/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on"><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:13.0pt'>Indiana</span></font></b></st1:State></st1:place>
Dictionary Database.<o:p></o:p></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Their
website gives the following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“A
multimedia dictionary database program that has been created specifically for
compiling dictionaries of American Indian languages. The program, now in its
final stages of development, is designed to support standard textual linguistic
material as well as sound data, graphical images, and video clips.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.indiana.edu/~aisri/software/index.shtml"
title="blocked::http://www.indiana.edu/~aisri/software/index.shtml">http://www.indiana.edu/~aisri/software/index.shtml</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
(unknown, password needed)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Lexique Pro<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Lexique
Pro was designed to display and publish a dictionary, both in print and
electronically. It was not designed to facilitate the production of a
dictionary and has limited editing capability. However some people have used it
to edit a dictionary. It accepts files created by Toolbox (MDF), FieldWorks,
and WeSay. Their website gives the following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“Lexique
Pro is an interactive lexicon viewer and editor, with hyperlinks between
entries, category views, dictionary reversal, search, and export tools. It's
designed to display your data in a user-friendly format so you can distribute
it to others.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
http://www.lexiquepro.com/<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Lexus<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Their
website gives the following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“Lexus
is an [sic] web-based tool to create and edit lexical databases.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“LEXUS
is the web based lexicon tool currently being developed by the Technical
Facilities Group at the MPI [Max Planck Institute].”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.lat-mpi.eu/tools/lexus/"
title="blocked::http://www.lat-mpi.eu/tools/lexus/">http://www.lat-mpi.eu/tools/lexus/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Matapuna<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Their
website gives the following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“The
Mâtâpuna Dictionary Writing System is a free, easy to use, web-based,
multi-user, multilingual dictionary writing system. It is currently being used
to compile <a href="http://www.tetaurawhiri.govt.nz/" target="_blank">Te Taura
Whiri i te Reo Mâori</a> / The Mâori Language Commissions monolingual
dictionary of the Mâori language.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“The
system assists with many aspects of lexicography, including team collaboration,
routine error and consistency checking, corpus searching, publishing, and
progress monitoring in addition to the traditional headword and entry
management.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.matapuna.org/">http://www.matapuna.org/</a> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Multi-Dictionary
Formatter (MDF)<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>MDF
is not essentially a software package, but a standardized list of database
fields. It was designed to be used with the popular Shoebox (now called
Toolbox) dictionary data management software. MDF includes software tools to
print a Shoebox/Toolbox dictionary, but its primary contribution has been to
provide a set of standard format markers. Other software such as Lexique Pro
will accept MDF formatted files. MDF has a published user guide:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Bibliography><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Coward, David F., and Charles E. Grimes. 1995. Making
dictionaries, a guide to lexicography and the Multi-Dictionary Formatter.
Waxhaw: Summer Institute of Linguistics.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>You
can download the user guide from the MDF website. The MDF website gives the
following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“Printing
a dictionary frustrates many linguists and anthropologists. Converting lexical
databases to formatted documents has been so difficult that—for some—it never
gets done before editing is completed. The Multi-Dictionary Formatter (MDF)
enables ordinary computer users to print a dictionary. Removing the difficulty
from printing saves time; adding the ability to inspect fully formatted lexical
entries throughout the dictionary-making process improves quality.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“MDF
is flexible enough to organize lexical data from all over the world for a
variety of purposes and print it in several formats. It defines about 100 data
field markers. The average dictionary compiler will use about 20 to 30 of them
on a regular basis. The markers follow a mneumonic system for ease of learning
and recall. Please note that </span></font><strong><b><font color="#333333"
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;color:#333333'>Shoebox does </span></font></b></strong><em><b><i><font
color="#333333" face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;color:#333333;
font-weight:bold'>not</span></font></i></b></em><strong><b><font color="#333333"
face=Arial><span style='font-family:Arial;color:#333333'> require you to use
MDF</span></font></b></strong>. If you already have a well-organized set of
markers for lexical data, you can continue to use them (by defining your own
database type).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“Shoebox
includes MDF as a kind of export process in the Export command (on the File
menu). If you use its system of data field markers, MDF can automatically
format your lexical data as a dictionary or reversed index (finderlist).”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.sil.org/computing/shoebox/MDF.html">http://www.sil.org/computing/shoebox/MDF.html</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Shoebox/Toolbox<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>The original Shoebox program was rewritten to support Unicode and
renamed Toolbox. The greatest advantage of Toolbox is its extreme flexibility.
It can be used to manage any sort of dictionary project. It has been around for
a long time and has been used by hundreds of projects, perhaps as many as a
thousand. However it is based on older technology and lacks features that newer
programs have. Their website gives the following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“Toolbox
is a data management and analysis tool for field linguists. It is especially
useful for maintaining lexical data, and for parsing and interlinearizing text,
but it can be used to manage virtually any kind of data.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.sil.org/computIng/toolbox/">http://www.sil.org/computIng/toolbox/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>TshwaneLex Dictionary
Compilation Software<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>The
TshwaneLex website gives the following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>“TshwaneLex
is a professional commercial software application suite for the compilation of
dictionaries ('dictionary writing system') or terminology lists. It contains
many specialized features that allow any organisation producing dictionaries to
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>dramatically reduce dictionary compilation
time</span></b>, increase the quality and consistency of their dictionaries,
and manage larger projects with larger teams. These features include an integrated
Corpus Query System, immediate article preview, <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>full customisability</span></b>, styles system, automatic cross-reference
tracking, automated lemma reversal, online and electronic dictionary modules,
export to MS Word and typesetting systems (such as InDesign and XPP), and <b><span
style='font-weight:bold'>teamwork (network / multi-user)</span></b> support.”<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>TshwaneLex
was reviewed in vol 1 of Language Documentation & Conservation: </span></font><code><b><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;color:black;
font-weight:bold'><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/10125/1729">http://hdl.handle.net/10125/1729</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></code></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://tshwanedje.com/tshwanelex/">http://tshwanedje.com/tshwanelex/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
1900 Euro (commercial version), 150 Euro (academic license)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>WeSay<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>WeSay
is being designed as a tool for native speakers, rather than professional
lexicographers. However lexicographers can use it to engage speakers of the
language in the development of a dictionary for their language. It is designed
to work on small inexpensive battery-operated machines that can be taken to
remote areas. Their website gives the following description:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN
style='font-size:12.0pt'>“WeSay is an Open Source project aimed at providing
computer tools to help communities perform several language development
activities on their own. It is extremely simple, task oriented, and will be
available on hardware that is appropriate to their environment.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span lang=EN
style='font-size:12.0pt'>“Our first version helps people build a dictionary in
their own language. It has various ways to help native speakers to think of
words in their language and enter some basic data about them (no backslash
codes, just forms to fill in).”</span><o:p></o:p></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.wesay.org/wiki/Main_Page">http://www.wesay.org/wiki/Main_Page</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h1><b><font size=5 face=Arial><span style='font-size:16.0pt'>Other useful
lexicography tools<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h1>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Dictionary
Development Process (DDP)<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>DDP
is a method for rapidly collecting the lexemes of a previously undocumented
language. It uses a list of 1800 semantic domains to help native speakers of a
language to think of and write down the words and lexical phrases of their
language. Each domain includes elicitation questions and sample words. Several
hundred dictionary projects have used DDP to collect 10,000-25,000 lexemes in a
two week workshop. The DDP materials have been incorporated into Fieldworks
Language Explorer. Other software such as Toolbox and LexiquePro support DDP.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.sil.org/computing/ddp/index.htm">http://www.sil.org/computing/ddp/index.htm</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h1><b><font size=5 face=Arial><span style='font-size:16.0pt'>Wikis (online
collaborative dictionary projects)<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h1>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>DACCO<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>DACCO
is an online collaborative Catalan-English English-Catalan dictionary project.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://www.catalandictionary.org/eng/">http://www.catalandictionary.org/eng/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free (online wiki)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>LingoZ<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>LingoZ
is an online collaborative dictionary of English with definitions in English
and seven other major languages.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://lingoz.com/en/">http://lingoz.com/en/</a> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free (online wiki)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Wiktionary<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Wiktionary is an online collaborative project to support the
development of a dictionary for any language in the world. Unfortunately it
does not appear to be possible to upload an existing dictionary.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website:
<a href="http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page">http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Block><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Cost:
free (online wiki)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<h3><b><font size=4 face=Arial><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>Leo<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></h3>
<p class=Bibliography><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Leo appears to be an online collaborative project to
produce bilingual German dictionaries. They welcome additions and suggestions,
but it appears that the content of each dictionary is managed by editors.
Currently they have German-English, German-French, German-Spanish,
German-Italian, and German-Chinese.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=Bibliography><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Website: <a href="http://dict.leo.org/">http://dict.leo.org/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'>Cost: free (online wiki)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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