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<div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>Dear Craig Volker,<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Thanks for your view, all the way from New Ireland, PNG. Your message was addressed to me, with everyone else in CC. I have been not in two but in multiple minds for the past two days as to how to reply. First, let's cut the crap. This is a lexicography list, so let's keep lexicography in focus, rather than attempt to change the way world economics work. Second, of course we try to link the results of our work back to the communities we work with, and in the format that is best for that community. My last work, a school dictionary for Zulu, was printed and distributed on paper (more <a href="http://www.oxford.co.za/page/about-us/newsroom/1414214-Oxford-wins-translator-s-prize-for-second-time-for-isiZulu-dictionary">here</a>). Does that stop us from dreaming up truly new ways to rerepresent the data, and more, in e-form? Of course not, and we are planning for that as we speak. Third, just two months ago I was still doing fieldwork in the Congo, where we basically documented six languages for the first time, and discovered four new languages, unknown to science until then (more <a href="http://kongoking.org/fieldwork-linguistics-2012.html">here</a>). As a Belgian, do I feel any guilt that our grandparents didn't do more for these languages at the time -- ten out of several hundred languages? Not at all. As a scholar, do I want to put those people on the map and do I want to design innovative ways for them to also actually use the data we started to collect, and are busy analysing? Sure! The products we'll bring back to the Congo will very likely be handheld devices, solar-powered and in a first phase stand-alone. (So forget about electricity and the Internet for a while, though it is coming.) Given the users don't read nor write, they will not be "looking-up" but rather "speaking into" their devices, with the answers being "spoken back" to them. That's the breaking news I was talking about: We can stop thinking two-dimensional, on paper, and dream up a dictionary experience that starts from the electronic platform. That process has hardly begun, and we've already lost a decade. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Kind regards,<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Gilles-Maurice, Old Ghent, Belgium.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> </span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Microsoft JhengHei","sans-serif"'>阿蘭</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> [mailto:volker@nalik.org] <br><b>Sent:</b> dinsdag 6 november 2012 14:42<br><b>To:</b> gillesmaurice.deschryver@UGent.be<br><b>Cc:</b> <Lexicophile@aol.com>; <euralex@freelists.org>; <DSNA@yahoogroups.com>; <lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com>; <asialex@freelists.org>; <afrilex@freelists.org>; <lexicografie@googlegroups.com>; <ishll@lists.le.ac.uk><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [asialex] Re: [euralex] Re: [DSNA] RE: End of print dictionaries at Macmillan<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>So how will data be available to the communities whose languages we study when the communities have no Internet access or even electricity? Papua New Guinea may have 800+ languages, but less than 10% of our 7 million people are fortunate enough to have reliable electricity. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>This a great move for the First World--it gives them yet one more advantage over those whom they colonised in the past and whose natural resources provide the stuff First World computers are made of. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Electronic and online dictionaries are great--I use them daily--but there is still a moral responsibility to get the results of research back in the hands of communities who have been mined for the data to make linguists' dictionaries. Or who aspire to learn an international language to access knowledge from abroad. <br><br>Craig Volker<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>New Ireland, Papua New Guinea<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>Am 05.11.2012 um 17:03 schrieb "Gilles-Maurice de Schryver" <<a href="mailto:gillesmaurice.deschryver@UGent.be">gillesmaurice.deschryver@UGent.be</a>>:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Thanks for this, Dan. I think this is exactly an area where designers now have to be creative: what is good in print needs to be kept for the digital medium, what the digital medium can add should be developed. Right now what we tend to stumble upon in an online environment is advertisements, but this can be changed, and replaced with all sorts of adaptive content rather than targeted ads. All best, Gilles-Maurice.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:euralex-bounce@freelists.org">euralex-bounce@freelists.org</a> [<a href="mailto:euralex-bounce@freelists.org">mailto:euralex-bounce@freelists.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b><a href="mailto:Lexicophile@aol.com">Lexicophile@aol.com</a><br><b>Sent:</b> maandag 5 november 2012 14:49<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:euralex@freelists.org">euralex@freelists.org</a>; <a href="mailto:DSNA@yahoogroups.com">DSNA@yahoogroups.com</a>; <a href="mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com">lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com</a>; <a href="mailto:asialex@freelists.org">asialex@freelists.org</a>; <a href="mailto:afrilex@freelists.org">afrilex@freelists.org</a>; <a href="mailto:lexicografie@googlegroups.com">lexicografie@googlegroups.com</a>; <a href="mailto:ishll@lists.le.ac.uk">ishll@lists.le.ac.uk</a><br><b>Subject:</b> [euralex] Re: [DSNA] RE: End of print dictionaries at Macmillan</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>What a sad day! When looking up anything in a print dictionary, you generally stumble across all sorts of delightful material you never would have known to look for. With an electronic dictionary, generally speaking, what you search is what you get, and nothing beyond.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Dan Pratt</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>In a message dated 11/5/2012 6:00:16 A.M. Eastern Standard Time, <a href="mailto:gillesmaurice.deschryver@UGent.be">gillesmaurice.deschryver@UGent.be</a> writes:</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-left:7.5pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div id=ygrp-mlmsg><div id=ygrp-msg><div id=ygrp-text><p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Dear Friends and Colleagues,<br><br>This is Breaking News indeed!<br><br>"Macmillan Dictionaries will no longer appear as physical books. The final<br>copies are rolling off the presses at this very moment, and from next year,<br>Macmillan Dictionary will be available only online."<br><br><a href="http://www.macmillaneducation.com/MediaArticle.aspx?id=1778" title="http://www.macmillaneducation.com/MediaArticle.aspx?id=1778">http://www.macmillaneducation.com/MediaArticle.aspx?id=1778</a><br><br>For the past decade or so, we have all been expecting an announcement like<br>this from one of the major dictionary publishers, and I am happy to see that<br>the honour goes to Macmillan, a key player in the monolingual learner's<br>dictionary market for English. Finally getting rid of the paper constraints,<br>and starting to exploit the true power of the digital medium -- and to be<br>able to do just that -- is nothing less than a revolution. I predict that<br>the other major publishers will now also stop talking about what should be<br>done, to simply take the step and do it.<br><br>More info in Michael Rundell's post below.<br><br>Kind regards,<br><br>Gilles-Maurice de Schryver<br><br>President of AFRILEX and author of "Lexicographers' Dreams in the<br>Electronic-Dictionary Age" (IJL 16.2, 2003, free access here<br><<a href="http://www.oxfordjournals.org/page/4646/3" title="http://www.oxfordjournals.org/page/4646/3">http://www.oxfordjournals.org/page/4646/3</a>> )<br><br>From: <a href="mailto:euralex-bounce%40freelists.org" title="mailto:euralex-bounce@freelists.org">euralex-bounce@freelists.org</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:euralex-bounce%40freelists.org" title="mailto:euralex-bounce@freelists.org">euralex-bounce@freelists.org</a>] On<br>Behalf Of Anne Dykstra<br>Sent: maandag 5 november 2012 10:11<br>To: <a href="mailto:euralex%40freelists.org" title="mailto:euralex@freelists.org">euralex@freelists.org</a><br>Subject: [euralex] End of print dictionaries at Macmillan<br><br>Macmillan has announced that, from 2013, it will no longer be publishing<br>dictionaries in book form. It will focus instead on its expanding range of<br>digital resources. Michael Rundell, Editor-in-Chief of the Macmillan<br>dictionary list, sees this as both inevitable and entirely positive. He<br>regards the printed book as a very limiting medium, and increasingly out of<br>step with the way people look for information in the second decade of the<br>21st century. While printed reference books are out of date as soon they go<br>on sale, an online dictionary can be kept fully up to date. More than this,<br>the digital medium allows dictionary publishers to provide valuable<br>additional resources, like audio pronunciations, interactive games, and a<br>thesaurus function. As well as all these, Macmillan has a crowd-sourced<br>dictionary (the 'Open Dictionary') fed by users from all over the world, and<br>an active blog with four or five new posts every week on language-related<br>issues. Michael says he was struck by one of the findings reported at the<br>recent Euralex Congress in Gilles-Maurice de Schryver's plenary: his<br>analysis of papers in the Euralex archive showed that the word 'look up' had<br>declined in frequency and been overtaken by 'search'. This is the world that<br>dictionaries belong to now. For more details, see the post on this subject<br>in Macmillan's blog: <br><br><a href="http://www.macmillandictionaryblog.com/bye-print-dictionary." title="http://www.macmillandictionaryblog.com/bye-print-dictionary.">http://www.macmillandictionaryblog.com/bye-print-dictionary.</a><br><br>[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></div>
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