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<div><span></span></div><div><div dir="ltr"><div>To dovetail with previous answers, Korean shows the following:<br><br>Sino-Korean</div><div>sam ri > sam ni "three ri ('miles')" (三里 삼리)<br></div><div>haeng-ri > haeng-ni "luggage" (行李 행리) [obs.?]<br></div><div><br></div><div>native-Korean:</div><div><-pnita> = [-mnida] -ㅂ니다</div><div>formal polite verb ending, eg:</div><div>ha- "to do" > hamnida 합니다</div><div><br></div><div>other verb endings that cause the same sandhi effect:</div><div><-ni> : <ka-ss-ni> = [kanni] (갔니 "(you) went?")</div><div><br></div><div><-ne> : <eops-ne> = [eomne] (없네 "there isn't any...")</div><div><br></div><div><-neun-> : <meok-neun-de> = [meongneunde] (먹는데 "even though X eat(s)")</div><div><br></div><div>cheers,</div><div>-Patrick</div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div><br><br>Apologies for typos - typed with my thumbs and subject to autocorrect in the most amusing of ways. (i.e. on my iPhone)</div>On Tue, Oct 27, 2015 at 7:15 AM, Mike Cahill <a href="mailto:Mike_Cahill@sil.org">Mike_Cahill@sil.org</a> [lexicographylist] <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com" target="_blank">lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
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<p></p><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d">Another example, briefly, from Konni of Ghana, again affecting /r/:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d">/gim-ri/ </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;color:#1f497d">à</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d"> [ginni] ‘sparrow-the’ (cf. /daa-ri/ </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;color:#1f497d">à</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d"> [daari] ‘day-the’)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d">I’m sure there are more around the world!</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d">Mike</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1f497d"> </span></p><div><div style="border-top:solid #b5c4df 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> <a href="mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com" target="_blank">lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com" target="_blank">lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com</a>] <br><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, October 27, 2015 8:28 AM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com" target="_blank">lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com</a><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Lexicog] power of nasal consonant</span></p></div></div><span class=""><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><p class="MsoNormal"><br><br><br></p><div><div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue">Hanjabam Surmango Shama:</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"></span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"> </span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue">In response to your question: can a nasal consonant affect a oral consonant as the later becomes a nasal? </span></p><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"> </span></p></div></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue">Yes, a nasal vowel followed by the consonant “r” naturally affects it to sound as an “n.” Further, a nasal vowel will affect a succeeding vowel to sound as a nasual.</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"></span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"> </span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue">In Báxoje Jiwére language (Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska), a Siouan language:</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"></span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue">-- rúmi (buy s.t.) ~ hin<u>númi</u>wi (we buy it) [hin-...wi (we) + rúmi (buy) </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"></span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue">-- Where two vowels are separated by “h, w, y, or glottal stop (^)” nasalization goes across both vowels. Note:</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"></span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"> </span><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue">pahí (sharp) > pahínhin (thorn); </span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"></span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"> </span><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue">yán (sleep) > ayán ~ anyán (bed; lay on)</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"></span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:blue"> ki^ín (gamble) > kin^ín (gamble; try)</span><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"> </span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;color:blue"> </span></p></div><div><div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> </span></p></div><div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:whitesmoke"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> <a href="mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com" title="lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com" target="_blank">mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com</a> </span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:whitesmoke"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">Sent:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> Tuesday, October 27, 2015 4:58 AM</span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:whitesmoke"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">To:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> <a href="mailto:lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com" title="lexicographylist@yahoogroups.com" target="_blank">yahoogroups</a> </span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:whitesmoke"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">Subject:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> [Lexicog] power of nasal consonant</span></p></div></div></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> </span></p></div></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> </span></p><div><div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black">Dear All,</span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black"> </span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black">I invite your suggestions to the point at which I am curious is -- can a nasal consonant affect a oral consonant as the later becomes a nasal?</span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black"><br><br></span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black">thanks</span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black">surmangol</span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black"> </span></p></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="color:black">--------------------------------- Hanjabam Surmangol Sharma Department of Linguistics Manipur University, Canchipur Imphal 795 003 MANIPUR</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><p class="MsoNormal"><br><br><br></p><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:white"></span></p></div></span></div>
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