<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>In un-P.C. Brazil, a list of 96 offensive terms causes offense | csmonitor.com</TITLE><BASE
href=http://www.csmonitor.com/2005/0517/p01s04-woam.html>
<META
content="The move to create the 87-page list shines a light on the culturally complex relationship between words and prejudice in the region."
name=description>
<META content="World, Americas, Christian Science Monitor" name=keywords>
<META content="from the May 17, 2005 edition" name=pubdate>
<META content="In un-P.C. Brazil, a list of 96 offensive terms causes offense"
name=search>
<META http-equiv=Content-Type content=text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1>
<META http-equiv=Content-Language content=en-US><!--daily online newspaper--><!--PARSER:CSM--><!--TITLE:In un-P.C. Brazil, a list of 96 offensive terms causes offense--><!--COPYRIGHT:(c) Copyright 2005 The Christian Science Monitor. All rights reserved.--><!--AUTHOR:By Andrew Downie Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor-->
<SCRIPT type=text/javascript>
<!--
var openDaughterURL = '/cgi-bin/send-story?2005/0517/p01s04-woam.txt';
var openDaughterParams = 'width=300,height=450,toolbar=0,menubar=0,scrollbars=0,resizable=0,status=0,location=0';
var forWindowTopLocation = '/2005/0517/p01s04-woam.html';
// -->
</SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript>
<!--
function RightslinkPopUp() {
var url = "https://s100.copyright.com/servlet/DispatchServlet";
var location = url
+ "?PublisherName=" + escape( "The Christian Science Monitor" )
+ "&publication=" + escape( "The Christian Science Monitor" )
+ "&Title=" + escape( "In un-P.C. Brazil, a list of 96 offensive terms causes offense" )
+ "&PublicationDate=" + escape( "May 17, 2005" )
+ "&Author=" + escape( "Andrew Downie" )
+ "&Install=S"
+ "&ContentID=" + escape( "/2005/0517/p01s04-woam.html" );
PopUp = window.open( location, 'Rightslink', 'location=no,toolbar=no,directories=no,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=650,height=550');
}
//-->
</SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT src="/lib/javascripts/csm2003usaCSS.js" type=text/javascript></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><LINK href="/lib/css/csmpc_ie2001b.css" type=text/css
rel=stylesheet></NOSCRIPT>
<META content="MSHTML 6.00.2800.1106" name=GENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV> </DIV><A id=top name=top></A>
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript type=text/javascript>
if (location.search.indexOf("ref=aol") != -1)
{document.writeln ("<div style='text-align:center'><a href='http://aolsvc.news.aol.com' target='_new'><img src='/aol/aol.jpg' border='0' alt='AOL News' width='760' height='47'></a></div>")}
</SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript src="/lib/javascripts/rolloverNav.js"
type=text/javascript></SCRIPT>
<!-- ***** BEGIN top banner table ***** -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=760 align=center border=0
VALIGN="TOP"><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=23 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="760"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=23 height=21><A
href="http://www.csmonitor.com/"><IMG height=42
alt="go to csmonitor.com's homepage" src="/images/pageTopInside.gif"
width=760 border=0></A></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=23 height=2><SPACER HEIGHT="2" WIDTH="760"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=56 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=56></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=35 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=35></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=89 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=89></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=102 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=102></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=68 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=68></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=61 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=61></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=68 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=68></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=41 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=41></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=58 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=58></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=54 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=54></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=116 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=116></TD>
<TD width=1 height=1><IMG height=1 src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 bgColor=#000000 colSpan=23 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="760" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR bgColor=#cc9933>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding align=middle width=56 bgColor=#e7e7ce><A class=navTextOn
href="/world/index.html">WORLD </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/usa/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=35><A
class=navTextOff href="/usa/index.html">USA </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/commentary/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=89><A
class=navTextOff href="/commentary/index.html">COMMENTARY </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/wam/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=102><A
class=navTextOff href="/wam/index.html">WORK & MONEY </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/learning/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=68><A
class=navTextOff href="/learning/index.html">LEARNING </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/living/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=61><A
class=navTextOff href="/living/index.html">LIVING </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/scitech/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=68><A
class=navTextOff href="/scitech/index.html">SCI / TECH </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/arts/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=41><A
class=navTextOff href="/arts/index.html">A & E </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/travel/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=58><A
class=navTextOff href="/travel/index.html">TRAVEL</A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/books/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=54><A
class=navTextOff href="/books/index.html">BOOKS </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=padding onmouseover=javascript:rolloverNav(this);
onclick="javascript:rolloutNav(this);document.location='/homeforum/index.html'"
onmouseout=javascript:rolloutNav(this); align=middle width=116><A
class=navTextOff href="/homeforum/index.html">THE HOME FORUM </A></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TR>
<TD width=760 bgColor=#000000 colSpan=23 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="760" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=23 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="7" WIDTH="760"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR><!-- javascript identifies the browser -->
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript src="/lib/javascripts/id.js"
type=text/javascript></SCRIPT>
<!-- end browser id -->
<TR>
<FORM class=subNav name=queryForm action=/cgi-bin/getSearch.pl
method=post><INPUT class=subNav type=hidden value=NS-boolean-query
name=NS-search-type> <INPUT class=subNav type=hidden value=10
name=NS-max-records> <INPUT class=subNav type=hidden value="past 5 editions"
name=NS-collection>
<TD class=subNavHome colSpan=3><A class=subNavHome
href="/index.html"><B>Home</B></A></TD>
<TD class=subNav align=right colSpan=20><A class=subNav
href="/aboutus/about_the_monitor.html">About Us/Help</A> | <A
class=subNav
href="http://www.csmonitorservices.com/archive?A-Headerearch">Archive</A>
| <A class=subNav href="/subscribe">Subscribe</A> | <A
class=subNav href="/cgi-bin/contactus.pl">Feedback</A> | <A
class=subNav href="/text">Text Edition</A> <!-- applies the correct/textext box -->
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript src="/lib/javascripts/search.js"
type=text/javascript></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT> | <B>Search:</B> <INPUT class=subNav size=10
name=NS-query> <INPUT type=image src="/images/search_go.gif"
align=absMiddle border=0></TD></NOSCRIPT><!-- end search button and text box --></FORM></TR><!-- these make the row after the search nav -->
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript src="/lib/javascripts/postSearchRow.js"
type=text/javascript></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=23 height=3><SPACER HEIGHT="3" WIDTH="760"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR></NOSCRIPT><!-- end postsearchrow -->
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=23 height=2><SPACER HEIGHT="2" WIDTH="760"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 bgColor=#000000 colSpan=23 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=23 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="760"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><!-- *** END top banner table *** --><!-- TOP PROMO FOR PUB -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=760 align=center border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD align=middle>
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript src="/lib/javascripts/subscribe.js"
type=text/JavaScript></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"
href="https://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmonitor/subscription/print_sub.jhtml?I04T05">Special
Offer: Subscribe to the Monitor and get 32 issues
FREE!</A></NOSCRIPT><BR><BR></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=760 align=center border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR vAlign=top>
<TD align=left width=468 height=60><!-- BEGIN RICH-MEDIA BURST! CODE: 468x60 -->
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript>
<!--
ShowAdDesktopAd("ad10246a", "468","60", "468X60A", "KEYWORD", "ffffff", "");
// --></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A
href="http://ads.addesktop.com/ads/ad10246a-map.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=468X60A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
target=_blank><IMG alt=""
src="http://ads.addesktop.com/cgi-bin/ads/ad10246a.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=468X60A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
border=0></A></NOSCRIPT><!-- END BURST CODE 468x60 --></TD>
<TD width=58 height=60><IMG height=60 alt="" src="/images/s.gif"
width=58></TD>
<TD align=right width=234 height=60><!-- BEGIN RICH-MEDIA BURST! CODE: 234x60 -->
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript>
<!--
ShowAdDesktopAd("ad10246a","234","60", "234X60A", "KEYWORD", "ffffff", "");
// --></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A
href="http://ads.addesktop.com/ads/ad10246a-map.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=234X60A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
target=_blank><IMG alt=""
src="http://ads.addesktop.com/cgi-bin/ads/ad10246a.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=234X60A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
border=0></A></NOSCRIPT><!-- END BURST CODE 234x60 --></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=3 height=14><IMG height=14 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=760></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=760 align=center border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=150 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=150></TD>
<TD width=14 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=14></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=14 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=14></TD>
<TD width=400 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=400></TD>
<TD width=14 height=3><IMG height=3 alt="" src="/images/s.gif"
width=14></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=14 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/pubColTop.gif" width=14></TD>
<TD width=150 height=3><IMG height=3 alt="" src="/images/pubColTop.gif"
width=150></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=3><IMG height=3 alt=""
src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD></TR>
<TR vAlign=top>
<TD width=1><IMG height=1 alt="" src="/images/s.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=150><IMG height=14 alt="" src="/images/s.gif" width=150><BR>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=150 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=150>
<DIV class=spacer14><A href="/world/index.html"><IMG height=84
alt="Section Branding" src="/images/secHed_world.gif" width=150
border=0></A><BR></DIV><!-- begin buckets list --><IMG
class=spaceSec height=1 alt="" src="/images/dotLine150.gif"
width=150><BR><A class=bucketLeftNav
href="/world/africa.html">Africa</A><BR><IMG class=spaceSec height=1
alt="" src="/images/dotLine150.gif" width=150><BR><A
class=bucketLeftNav href="/world/americas.html">Americas</A><BR><IMG
class=spaceSec height=1 alt="" src="/images/dotLine150.gif"
width=150><BR><A class=bucketLeftNav
href="/world/asiaPacific.html">Asia Pacific</A><BR><IMG
class=spaceSec height=1 alt="" src="/images/dotLine150.gif"
width=150><BR><A class=bucketLeftNav
href="/world/asiaSouthCentral.html">Asia: South &
Central</A><BR><IMG class=spaceSec height=1 alt=""
src="/images/dotLine150.gif" width=150><BR><A class=bucketLeftNav
href="/world/europe.html">Europe</A><BR><IMG class=spaceSec height=1
alt="" src="/images/dotLine150.gif" width=150><BR><A
class=bucketLeftNav href="/world/middleEast.html">Middle
East</A><BR><IMG class=spaceSec height=1 alt=""
src="/images/dotLine150.gif" width=150><BR><A class=bucketLeftNav
href="/world/globalIssues.html">Global Issues</A><BR>
<DIV class=spacer7><IMG height=1 alt="" src="/images/dotLine150.gif"
width=150><BR></DIV></TD>
<TR>
<TD width=150>
<DIV class=spacer3><SPAN class=head4><B>Also
see:</B></SPAN><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=forMoreLink
href="/world/iraq.html"><B>Iraq in Transition</B></A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer3><A class=forMoreLink
href="/specials/sept11/dailyUpdate.html"><B>Terrorism &
Security</B></A><BR>
<DIV class=spacer14><SPAN class=listDot> <B>•
</B> </SPAN><A class=head4
href="/specials/sept11/dailyUpdate.html">A daily
update</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer14><IMG height=1
src="/images/storyLinksDotLine.gif" width=125><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="http://weblogs.csmonitor.com/notebook_iraq/"><IMG height=12
alt="Notebook: Iraq" src="/images/blogKicker_notebookIraq.gif"
width=136 border=0></A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="http://weblogs.csmonitor.com/notebook_africa/"><IMG height=12
alt="Notebook: Africa" src="/images/blogKicker_notebookAfrica.gif"
width=136 border=0></A><BR></DIV><!-- <div class="spacer7"><A CLASS="head4" HREF="/commentary/webColumnsBlogs.html">more Web columns & blogs...</A><br /></div> --></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><!-- begin world stories links-->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=150 border=0 VALIGN="TOP">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=150 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="150"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=150><SPAN class=leftNavTopic>World Stories:</SPAN><BR>
<DIV class=spacer7><SPAN class=dateKicker>for
05/20/2005</SPAN><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p01s03-woam.html">A Castro ally with oil cash vexes
the US</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p07s01-woap.html">North Korea plays a waiting game
on nuclear talks</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p06s02-woiq.html">Iran flexes its 'soft power' in
Iraq</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p04s01-woaf.html">Antislavery activists jailed.
Niger says: What slaves?</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p07s02-wome.html">Gaza attacks threaten to unravel
a Mideast cease-fire</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p06s01-wogn.html">Reporters on the
Job</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p02s02-usfp.html">US tiptoes between terror,
Castro's policies</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p08s01-comv.html">Europe's Next Independent
State</A><BR></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=150 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="7" WIDTH="150"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><!-- end world stories links-->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=150 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=150 height=1><IMG height=1 alt=""
src="/images/dotLine55.gif" width=55></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=150 height=7><IMG height=7 alt="" src="/images/s.gif"
width=150></TD></TR>
<TR vAlign=top>
<TD width=150><A class=head4 href="/rss/world.rss"><IMG height=13
alt="XML: RSS file" src="/images/xml.gif" width=36 align=bottom
border=0></A> <A class=head4 href="/rss/index.html#about">What
is this?</A><BR></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><!-- BEGIN WORLD STATEMENTS --><!-- END WORLD STATEMENTS --><!-- ***** begin special projects ***** -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=150 border=0 VALIGN="TOP">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=150 colSpan=5><IMG class=space14 height=1
src="/images/solidLine150.gif" width=150></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=150 colSpan=5><IMG height=21 alt="Special Projects"
src="/specials/images/specialProjectLogo.gif" width=150
border=0></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=6 bgColor=#efefe7><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="6"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=136 bgColor=#efefe7>
<TABLE cellSpacing=4 cellPadding=0 width=136 border=0
VALIGN="TOP"><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=136 colSpan=2 height=4><SPACER HEIGHT="4" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=35>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="/2003/0808/p01s05-wome.html?s=lni"><IMG height=35
src="/specials/images/barrierPromo_thumb.jpg" width=35
border=0></A><BR></DIV></TD>
<TD width=99>
<DIV style="PADDING-TOP: 9px"><A class=head4
href="/2003/0808/p01s05-wome.html?s=lni">Behind the
barrier</A></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=35>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="/specials/inspections/index.html?s=lni"><IMG height=35
src="/specials/images/inspectionsPromo_thumb.jpg" width=35
border=0></A><BR></DIV></TD>
<TD width=99>
<DIV style="PADDING-TOP: 4px"><A class=head4
href="/specials/inspections/index.html?s=lni">Iraq weapons
inspections</A></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=35>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="/slideshows/hunger/hunger.html?s=lni"><IMG height=35
src="/specials/images/hunger_thumb.jpg" width=35
border=0></A><BR></DIV></TD>
<TD width=99>
<DIV style="PADDING-TOP: 4px"><A class=head4
href="/slideshows/hunger/hunger.html?s=lni">At the heart of
hunger</A></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=35>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="/specials/oneyearlater/index.html?s=lni"><IMG height=35
src="/specials/images/oneYearLater_thumb.gif" width=35
border=0></A><BR></DIV></TD>
<TD width=99>
<DIV style="PADDING-TOP: 4px"><A class=head4
href="/specials/oneyearlater/index.html?s=lni">September 11
One year later</A></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=35>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="/specials/terrorism/index.html?s=lni"><IMG height=35
src="/specials/images/terrorism_thumb.jpg" width=35
border=0></A><BR></DIV></TD>
<TD width=99>
<DIV style="PADDING-TOP: 9px"><A class=head4
href="/specials/terrorism/start.html?s=lni">Defining
Terrorism</A></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=35>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="/atcsmonitor/specials/uranium/index.html?s=lni"><IMG
height=35 src="/specials/images/trail_thumb.gif" width=35
border=0></A><BR></DIV></TD>
<TD width=99>
<DIV style="PADDING-TOP: 4px"><A class=head4
href="/atcsmonitor/specials/uranium/index.html?s=lni">Trail of
a Bullet: reports on D.U.</A></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=35>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="/atcsmonitor/specials/timor/index.html?s=lni"><IMG
height=35 src="/specials/images/battalion_thumb.jpg" width=35
border=0></A><BR></DIV></TD>
<TD width=99>
<DIV style="PADDING-TOP: 4px"><A class=head4
href="/atcsmonitor/specials/timor/index.html?s=lni">A Brutal
Exit: Battalion 745</A></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=35>
<DIV class=spacer7><A
href="/atcsmonitor/specials/smallplane/index.html?s=lni"><IMG
height=35 src="/specials/images/smallPlane_thumb.gif" width=35
border=0></A><BR></DIV></TD>
<TD width=99>
<DIV style="PADDING-TOP: 4px"><A class=head4
href="/atcsmonitor/specials/smallplane/index.html?s=lni">Small
Plane, Big Planet</A></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=136 colSpan=2><A class=forMoreLink
href="/specials/index.html?s=lni">more projects...</A>
</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TD width=6 bgColor=#efefe7><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="6"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=150 colSpan=5><IMG height=1 src="/images/solidLine150.gif"
width=150></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><!-- ***** end special projects ***** -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=150 border=0 valign="top"><!-- begin spacer row -->
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=150 height=29><SPACER height="21" width="150"
type="block"><BR><IMG height=1 src="/images/solidLine150.gif"
width=150><BR><SPACER height="7" width="150" type="block"></TD></TR><!-- end spacer row --><!-- begin top viewed story links-->
<TR>
<TD width=150><SPAN class=leftNavTopic>Most-viewed
stories:</SPAN><BR>
<DIV class=spacer7><SPAN class=dateKicker>(for
05/19/05)</SPAN><BR></DIV><SPAN class=dateKicker>05/18/05</SPAN><BR>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0518/p02s01-ussc.html?s=t5">Rift over recruiting at
public high schools</A><BR></DIV><SPAN
class=dateKicker>05/19/05</SPAN><BR>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0519/p01s03-usmi.html?s=t5">The rising economic cost of
the Iraq war</A><BR></DIV><SPAN class=dateKicker>05/19/05</SPAN><BR>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0519/p01s02-usec.html?s=t5">Now hiring: the hot jobs of
the moment</A><BR></DIV><SPAN class=dateKicker>05/19/05</SPAN><BR>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0519/p12s01-almo.html?s=t5">With 'Sith,' Lucas's empire
strikes back</A><BR></DIV><SPAN class=dateKicker>05/19/05</SPAN><BR>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0519/p14s01-sten.html?s=t5">Can hybrids save US from
foreign
oil?</A><BR></DIV></TD></TR><!-- end top viewed story links--></TBODY></TABLE></TD>
<TD width=14><IMG height=1 alt="" src="/images/s.gif" width=14></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000><IMG height=14 alt=""
src="/images/s_FFFFFF.gif" width=1></TD>
<TD width=14><IMG height=1 alt="" src="/images/s.gif" width=14></TD>
<TD width=400><IMG height=14 alt="" src="/images/s.gif" width=150><BR><A
name=storytop></A><A class=bucketStory href="/world/index.html">World</A>
<SPAN class=bucketStory>> </SPAN><A class=bucketStory
href="/world/americas.html">Americas</A> <BR><SPAN class=pubDate>from the
May 17, 2005 edition</SPAN>
<BR><!-- begin spacer and line break --><SPACER HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="400"
TYPE="BLOCK"><BR><!-- Insert photo code here --><!-- End Photo code -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=400 border=0 VALIGN="TOP">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=400><!-- begin story -->
<DIV class=spacerHeadline><SPAN class=headline>In un-P.C. Brazil, a
list of 96 offensive terms causes offense</SPAN><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer21><SPAN class=byline>By Andrew Downie </SPAN><SPAN
class=staffline>| Correspondent of The Christian Science
Monitor</SPAN> <BR></DIV><!-- Begin Body Text --><SPAN
class=dateline>RIO DE JANEIRO</SPAN> – <SPAN class=text>A plump
woman strolling through a Mexican market might be showered with
affectionate cries of <I>gordita</I> (fatty). In Argentina,
<I>feo</I> (ugly) can be a term of endearment. Even here in Brazil,
a black woman might be flattered to be called <I>neguinha</I>
(little black girl). <!-- -->
<P>Throughout Latin America, a person is as likely to be described
by his skin color or girth as someone elsewhere might be called tall
or smart or gregarious. A word that in the US could provoke a
fistfight or a court case is often just a personal identifier
here.</P></SPAN><!-- BEGIN story related links -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=160 align=right border=0
VALIGN="TOP"><!-- insert vertical photo -->
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=10 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#abab9c height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=149 colSpan=2 height=3><SPACER HEIGHT="3"
WIDTH="149" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR><!-- ADD REPORTERS ON THE JOB TEMPLATE HERE --><!-- ADD VIDEO, AND AUDIO LINKS HERE --><!-- Insert Manual Related Links Template Below --><!-- *********************** BEGIN pubPromo include ***** -->
<TR>
<TD width=10 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#abab9c height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=13 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="13"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD class=head4 width=136><!-- change date: -->
<DIV class=spacer7><SPAN class=text><B>In the
Monitor</B><BR><SPAN class=dateKicker>Friday,
05/20/05<BR></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p01s01-uspo.html?s=itm">New dealmakers on
Capitol Hill</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p02s01-stgn.html?s=itm">Stem-cell research
surges ahead of lawmakers</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p01s03-woam.html?s=itm">A Castro ally with
oil cash vexes the US</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p01s04-ussc.html?s=itm">Steps toward more
drug testing in schools</A><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer7><A class=head4
href="/2005/0520/p09s03-cojs.html?s=itm">COMMENTARY: Golden
years, silver tea, and safety nets</A><BR></DIV><!-- do not delete: DAILY UPDATE (comment out if not used) --><!--<DIV CLASS="spacer7"><a class="bucketTag" style="letter-spacing:0px; color:#C0892E;" href="/2005/0218/dailyUpdate.html?s=itm">DAILY UPDATE</a><br /><A CLASS="head4" HREF="/2005/0218/dailyUpdate.html?s=itm">Did US military target journalists in Iraq?</A><BR></DIV>--><!-- do not delete: pub text ad --><IMG
height=14 alt="" src="/images/s.gif" width=1 border=0><BR>
<DIV class=spacer21>Read these and the rest of the Monitor's
headlines by e-mail.<BR><A
href="/cgi-bin/signup.pl?s=mti5&module=1">Subscribe for
free</A>.<BR></DIV></SPAN></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=10 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#abab9c height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=13 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="13"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=136><IMG height=1 src="/images/dotLine55.gif"
width=55></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=10 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#abab9c height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=149 colSpan=2 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="14"
WIDTH="149" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR><!-- *********************** END pubPromo include ***** --><!-- BEGIN e-mail to a friend etc. -->
<TR>
<TD width=10 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#abab9c height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=13 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="13"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=136>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=136 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=center width=26><IMG
src="/images/emailThis.gif" width=26 align=middle></TD>
<TD class=head4 width=110>
<SCRIPT src="/lib/javascripts/email_this.js"
type=text/javascript></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A class=head4
href="/cgi-bin/send-story?2005/0517/p01s04-woam.txt"
target=emailthis>E-mail this story</A></NOSCRIPT>
<BR></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=136 colSpan=2 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="7"
WIDTH="136" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=center width=26><IMG src="/images/write.gif"
width=26 align=middle></TD>
<TD class=head4 width=110><A class=head4
href="/cgi-bin/encryptmail.pl?ID=CFF0C5E4&url=/2005/0517/p01s04-woam.html">Write
a letter to the Editor</A><BR></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=136 colSpan=2 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="7"
WIDTH="136" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=center width=26><IMG
src="/images/printer.gif" width=26 align=middle></TD>
<TD class=head4 width=110><A class=head4
href="/2005/0517/p01s04-woam.htm">Printer-friendly
version</A><BR></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=136 colSpan=2 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="7"
WIDTH="136" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=center width=26><IMG
src="/images/rightslink.gif" width=26 align=middle></TD>
<TD class=head4 width=110><A class=head4
href="javascript:RightslinkPopUp();">Permission to
reprint/republish</A><BR></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR><!-- END e-mail to a friend etc. -->
<TR>
<TD width=10 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#abab9c height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=149 colSpan=2 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="7"
WIDTH="149" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=160 colSpan=4 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="7"
WIDTH="160" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><!-- END story related links --><SPAN
class=text>
<P>Now Brazil is making its first forays into changing this. Last
year the government quietly issued an 87-page document entitled
"Political Correctness and Human Rights," which listed 96 words and
phrases it hopes will eventually become unacceptable.</P>
<P>The challenge is formidable: introducing P.C. terms bucks years
of tradition and cultural norms. And the government may have
undercut its own efforts, prompting ridicule earlier this month when
word spread that the list included words such as "clown" and "drunk"
that it said could offend comedians or tipplers.</P>
<P>But the move shines a light on the culturally complex
relationship between words and prejudice in the region. In the
absence of institutional racism, the implicit condoning of racially
sensitive terms is one of the reasons racism persists here, many
experts say.</P>
<P>"If you use the N-word in public in the United States, you will
lose your job, there's no question about it. It is unacceptable,"
says Thomas Stephens, author of "The Dictionary of Latin American
Racial and Ethnic Terminology." "But in Brazil nobody has made a
concerted effort to remove these words from the language. Brazil has
never corrected itself like the United States has."</P>
<P>That failure to understand how racially sensitive words
perpetrate discrimination is typical of many Brazilians, academics
and black leaders here say. Because there has been no institutional
racism in Brazil since slavery was abolished in 1888 - no separate
toilets or buses, no limits on interracial unions, no ban on black
groups or political parties - many Brazilians firmly believe that
racism does not exist.</P>
<P>Discrimination, however, is evident in many ways, black leaders
say. Afro-Brazilians live on average 5.3 years less than white
Brazilians and are more likely to be poor, sick, uneducated, and
unemployed. Those who do have jobs earn only 46 percent of what
whites earn, according to a government study released in 2000.</P>
<P>But perhaps the clearest example is found in conversations, says
Douglas Souza, assistant secretary for the government's Promotion of
Racial Equality Policies. "Racism in Brazil exists though hidden
interpersonal relationships," Mr. Souza says. "There are no racist
laws, but there is a culture of racism and the instruments of that
racism here are words."</P>
<P>In the US, minorities have waged lengthy battles to take control
of the language used to describe them. Indigenous groups have
rejected the term "Indians." "African-American" has replaced negro
and colored. Even some disabled people find the term "handicapped"
offensive. But the black lobby in Brazil, where 45 percent of
Brazilians call themselves black or dark-skinned, does not have the
political clout to dictate what words are unacceptable.</P>
<P>Even if it did, the vagaries of the Portuguese language (and
Spanish in Hispanic America) complicate the process. The impact of
sensitive words can be reduced by using the diminutive forms of
nouns. By adding "<I>-inho</I>" for the masculine or "<I>-inha</I>"
for feminine softens a word and gives it an affectionate,
less-threatening feel.</P>
<P>"The word <I>neguinha,</I> for example. There's nothing more
racist, even if it is used in a supposedly affectionate way," says
Mr. Stephens. "You can use euphemisms, but it means the same
thing."</P>
<P>The government document contains many such euphemisms, along with
warnings that some people may find them offensive. At least 17 of
the 96 terms refer to race, ethnicity, or creed. However, those
serious warnings were missed in the firestorm over the inclusion of
many other seemingly innocuous words. Drunks should not be called
drunks because even alcoholics deserve respect, the document says.
Old people should be called elderly because being called old has
negative connotations. And the document even counseled people to
take care when using the word clown in case professional funnymen
get offended.</P>
<P>Bestselling author João Ubaldo Ribieiro ignited the situation
earlier this month when he criticized the text as an "authoritarian,
delirious and stupid" example of political correctness. Perly
Cipriano, the government official who oversaw the document's
publication, says the intention was not to prohibit words or
phrases, and that there would be no condemnation and no penalty.</P>
<P>However, the outcry was so loud that officials quickly halted
distribution of the document. The human rights secretary said the
government would convene a seminar on the subject next month at
which experts and representatives of minority groups will discuss
how to address the issue in the future.</P>
<P>Black leaders say that the government's quick capitulation will
serve only to maintain the status quo. A subject that should be
debated seriously is once again being buried, they say. "People
tried to disqualify [the document] because it touches on words that
are racist and that are used as a matter of course," says Ivanir dos
Santos, one of Rio's most outspoken black leaders. "One of the
principal characteristics of Brazilian racism is that we don't talk
about it. Withdrawing it is a mistake."</P><!--pubPromo_storyBottom--><BR>
<DIV class=spacer21>
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript
src="/lib/javascripts/subscribeBottom.js"
type=text/JavaScript></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"
href="http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmonitor/subscription/print_sub.jhtml?I04S01">Special
Offer: Subscribe to the Monitor and get 32 issues
FREE</A></NOSCRIPT><BR><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer14><IMG height=1 src="/images/centerDotLine.gif"
width=400><BR></DIV><!-- editor's picks -->
<DIV class=spacer7><B>Links of interest</B><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer14>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD class=listDot><B>•</B> </TD>
<TD class=text>
<DIV class=spacer3><A href="/world/iraq.html?s=u">Iraq</A>: <A
href="/2005/0520/p06s02-woiq.html?s=u">Iran flexes its
muscles</A>, <A href="/2005/0519/p01s04-woiq.html?s=u">Family
life in the danger zone</A>, <A
href="/2005/0519/p01s03-usmi.html?s=u">Cost soars to $5
billion/month</A><BR></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=listDot><B>•</B> </TD>
<TD class=text>
<DIV class=spacer3><A
href="/2005/0520/p11s01-almo.html?s=u2">How to make a movie in
48 hours</A><BR></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=listDot><B>•</B> </TD>
<TD class=text>
<DIV class=spacer3><A
href="/marketplace/recruit/index.html?s=u">New opportunities:
Work to Change the
World</A><BR></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer14><IMG height=1 src="/images/centerDotLine.gif"
width=400><BR></DIV><!-- editor's picks -->
<DIV class=spacer7><B>Most-viewed stories <SPAN
class=dateKicker>(for 05/19)</SPAN></B> <BR></DIV>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD class=listDot><B>•</B> </TD>
<TD class=text>
<DIV class=spacer3><A
href="/2005/0518/p02s01-ussc.html?s=u">Rift over recruiting at
public high schools</A> <SPAN
class=dateKicker>(05/18/05)</SPAN><BR></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=listDot><B>•</B> </TD>
<TD class=text>
<DIV class=spacer3><A
href="/2005/0519/p01s03-usmi.html?s=u">The rising economic
cost of the Iraq war</A> <SPAN
class=dateKicker>(05/19/05)</SPAN><BR></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=listDot><B>•</B> </TD>
<TD class=text>
<DIV class=spacer3><A
href="/2005/0519/p01s02-usec.html?s=u">Now hiring: the hot
jobs of the moment</A> <SPAN
class=dateKicker>(05/19/05)</SPAN><BR></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=listDot><B>•</B> </TD>
<TD class=text>
<DIV class=spacer3><A
href="/2005/0519/p12s01-almo.html?s=u">With 'Sith,' Lucas's
empire strikes back</A> <SPAN
class=dateKicker>(05/19/05)</SPAN><BR></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=listDot><B>•</B> </TD>
<TD class=text>
<DIV class=spacer3><A
href="/2005/0519/p14s01-sten.html?s=u">Can hybrids save US
from foreign oil?</A> <SPAN
class=dateKicker>(05/19/05)</SPAN><BR></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></SPAN><!-- end story --><!-- BEGIN email this and print this links --><!-- begin line break and spacer --><IMG
class=space14 height=1 src="/images/centerDotLine.gif" width=400> <!-- end spacer and line break -->
<DIV align=center>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=400 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR><!-- email this -->
<TD vAlign=center align=middle width=84><IMG
src="/images/emailThis.gif" width=26 align=middle></TD>
<TD width=10 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"><BR></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=10 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"><BR></TD><!-- letter to editor -->
<TD vAlign=center align=middle width=83><IMG
src="/images/write.gif" width=26 align=middle></TD>
<TD width=10 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"><BR></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=10 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"><BR></TD><!-- print this -->
<TD vAlign=center align=middle width=83><IMG
src="/images/printer.gif" width=26 align=middle></TD>
<TD width=10 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"><BR></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=10 rowSpan=2><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="10"
TYPE="BLOCK"><BR></TD><!-- rights link -->
<TD vAlign=center align=middle width=84><IMG
src="/images/rightslink.gif" width=26 align=middle></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=head4 align=middle width=84>
<SCRIPT src="/lib/javascripts/email_this.js"
type=text/javascript></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A class=head4
href="/cgi-bin/send-story?2005/0517/p01s04-woam.txt"
target=emailthis>E-mail this story</A></NOSCRIPT> </TD>
<TD class=head4 align=middle width=84><A class=head4
href="/cgi-bin/encryptmail.pl?ID=CFF0C5E4&url=/2005/0517/p01s04-woam.html">Write
a letter to the Editor</A></TD>
<TD class=head4 align=middle width=84><A class=head4
href="/2005/0517/p01s04-woam.htm">Printer-friendly<BR>version</A></TD>
<TD class=head4 align=middle width=84><A class=head4
href="javascript:RightslinkPopUp();">Permission to
reprint/republish</A><BR></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV><!-- END email this and print this links --><!-- INSERT LINKS UNDER TEMPLATE HERE --><SPACER
HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="400" TYPE="BLOCK"><BR><IMG height=1
src="/images/centerDotLine.gif" width=400><BR><SPACER HEIGHT="14"
WIDTH="400" TYPE="BLOCK"><BR><!-- begin back to top -->
<DIV align=center><A class=head4 href="#top">back to
top</A><BR><SPACER HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="400" TYPE="BLOCK"><BR></DIV><!-- end back to top --></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD><!-- ***** END middle column --><!-- spacer cells -->
<TD width=14><IMG height=1 alt="" src="/images/s.gif" width=14></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000><IMG height=1 alt="" src="/images/s.gif"
width=1></TD>
<TD width=14 bgColor=#e7e7ce><IMG height=1 alt="" src="/images/s.gif"
width=1></TD><!-- end spacer cells --><!-- ***** BEGIN right column -->
<TD width=150 bgColor=#e7e7ce rowSpan=3><!-- *********************** BEGIN search column include ******************** --><!-- *********************** END search include ******************** --><!-- *********************** BEGIN marketplace include ******************** --><!-- Begin Marketplace include file -->
<DIV class=pubcolumn><!-- PHILANTHROPY PROMO --><A
href="http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmdonations?D-EntryImage"><IMG
class=pubbanner height=17 alt="Support the Monitor"
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/hd_side_support.gif" width=136
border=0></A><BR>
<P><IMG height=6 alt="Make a donation"
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/arrow_black.gif" width=7> <A
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; COLOR: #990033"
href="http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmdonations?D-PubColTextRed">Help
the Monitor</A>.<BR><A style="COLOR: blue"
href="http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmdonations?D-PubColTextBlue">Donate
now</A> to support independent journalism.</P><!-- Subscribe --><A
href="http://www.csmonitor.com/aboutus/p_subscribe.html"><IMG
class=pubbanner height=17 alt=Subscribe
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/hd_side_subscribe.gif" width=136
border=0></A>
<FORM name=nav action=#><SELECT
onchange="document.location.href=
document.nav.SelectURL.options[document.nav.SelectURL.selectedIndex].value"
name=SelectURL> <OPTION value="" selected>Subscribe:</OPTION> <OPTION
value=http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmonitor/subscription/print_sub.jhtml?I03E01>Daily-US
only</OPTION> <OPTION
value=https://csps.realtimepub.com/subscribe/mwowhere.htm>Monitor
World</OPTION> <OPTION
value=http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmonitor/subscription/gift_sub.jhtml?I03E01>Gift
subscription</OPTION> <OPTION
value=http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmonitor/subscription/Friday_sub.jhtml?I03E01>Friday
edition</OPTION> <OPTION value=/classroom/index.html>School
programs</OPTION> <OPTION value=/aboutus/p_subscribe.html#electronic>PDA
edition</OPTION> <OPTION value=http://csm.realtimepub.com/>Treeless
Edition</OPTION> <OPTION value=/rss/>RSS feed</OPTION></SELECT> </FORM>
<P><IMG height=6 alt="Make a donation"
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/arrow_black.gif" width=7 border=0> <A
href="http://www.csmonitorservices.com/csmonitor/subscription/sample_issue.jhtml?I03E01"><B>Free
sample issue</B></A></P><!-- text ads --><IMG class=pubbanner height=17
alt=Advertisement
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/hd_side_advertisement.gif" width=136
border=0><BR><!-- Begin Text Ad BOX Div -->
<DIV class=textadbox>
<DIV class=padding7>
<H4>Apparel</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.shoebuy.com" target=_blank>Buy Shoes</A></P>
<H4>Business Resources</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.seoinc.com" target=_blank>Search Engine
Optimization, Inc.</A></P>
<H4>Education</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.graduate.norwich.edu/csm" target=_blank>Online
Master Degrees</A></P>
<H4>Financial</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.mybrandnewloan.com/quotes.php" target=_blank>4 Free
Mortgage Quotes</A><BR><A href="http://www.ukcarinsurancedirectory.co.uk"
target=_blank>Car Insurance</A></P>
<H4>Gifts</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.sndgems.com" target=_blank>Engagement
Rings</A><BR><A href="http://www.pugster.com" target=_blank>Italian Charms
Sale!</A><BR><A href="http://www.necklaces-online.gb.net"
target=_blank>Necklaces</A><BR><A href="http://www.florist-directory.net"
target=_blank>Send Flowers - Florists</A></P>
<H4>Graphic Design</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.logobee.com" target=_blank>Logo Design -
LogoBee</A></P>
<H4>Home & Garden</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.onewayfurniture.com" target=_blank>Discount Home
Furniture</A><BR><A href="http://www.patioandgardenfurniture.com"
target=_blank>Patio Furniture</A></P>
<H4>Legal Services</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.legalmatch.com" target=_blank>Find A Lawyer</A></P>
<H4>Real Estate</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.foreclosed-homes.us" target=_blank>Home
Foreclosures</A><BR><A href="http://www.vanlines.com"
target=_blank>Moving</A><BR><A href="http://www.vanlines.com/moving.html"
target=_blank>Moving Companies</A><BR><A
href="http://www.nationalmortgage.com" target=_blank>Mortgage</A><BR><A
href="http://www.nationalmortgage.com/calculators/" target=_blank>Mortgage
Calculator</A><BR><A href="http://www.usrealestate.com" target=_blank>Real
Estate</A></P>
<H4>Travel</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.airport-hotels-us.usa.sa.com" target=_blank>Airport
Hotels</A><BR><A href="http://www.hotelsincity.com" target=_blank>City
Hotels</A><BR><A href="http://www.orbitz.com/App/ViewHotelSearch"
target=_blank>Discount Hotel Rooms</A><BR><A
href="http://www.tripadvisor.com" target=_blank>Hotels</A><BR><A
href="http://www.zoomandgo.com" target=_blank>Hotel Reviews</A></P>
<H4>Web Services</H4>
<P><A href="http://www.web-page-optimization.com/internet-marketing.pdf"
target=_blank>Internet Marketing</A><BR><A href="http://www.ipowerweb.com"
target=_blank>Web Hosting</A><BR><A
href="http://www.webhostingunleashed.com" target=_blank>Web Hosting
Reviews</A></P></DIV><!-- end padding Div --></DIV><!-- end Text Ad BOX Div --></DIV><!-- end Pub Column Div --><!-- End Marketplace Include --><!-- *********************** END marketplace include ******************** --><!-- *********************** BEGIN subscribe include ******************** --><!-- Begin SUBSCRIBE INCLUDE -->
<DIV class=pubcolumn><!-- archive -->
<P><A href="http://www.csmonitor.com/archivesearch?A-EntryImage"
target=_top><IMG class=pubbanner height=17 alt="Monitor Archive"
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/hd_side_archive.gif" width=136
border=0></A>
<P><A
href="http://www.csmonitor.com/archivesearch?A-EntryTextLink">Purchase
articles</A> for as little as 15 cents each.</P><!-- treeless -->
<P><A href="http://csm.realtimepub.com/" target=_blank><IMG
class=pubbanner height=17 alt="Treeless Edition"
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/entryart/hd_marketplace_treeless.gif"
width=136 border=0></A>
<P><A href="http://csm.realtimepub.com/"><B class=red>New!</B></A> <A
href="http://csm.realtimepub.com/">Subscribe</A> to the Treeless
Edition!<BR></P><BR>
<P><B>E-mail Alerts</B><BR><IMG height=6 alt=""
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/arrow_black.gif" width=7 border=0> <A
href="/cgi-bin/signup.pl?module=9&s=pc1">Environment</A><BR><IMG
height=6 alt="" src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/arrow_black.gif"
width=7 border=0> <A
href="/cgi-bin/signup.pl?module=12&s=pc2">Politics</A><BR><IMG
height=6 alt="" src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/arrow_black.gif"
width=7 border=0> <A
href="/cgi-bin/signup.pl?module=11&s=pc3">Ethics</A><BR><IMG height=6
alt="" src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/arrow_black.gif" width=7
border=0> <A href="/cgi-bin/signup.pl?s=pc4">More topics...</A></P>
<P>Sign up now:</P>
<FORM action=/cgi-bin/signup.pl><INPUT type=hidden value=pcf name=s>
<INPUT size=10 name=email> <INPUT type=image
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/search_go.gif" align=middle></FORM><!-- Work to Change the World --><A
href="http://www.csmonitor.com/marketplace/recruit/index.html?s=pc"><IMG
height=79
alt="Work to Change the World: Opportunities with organizations making a difference."
src="http://www.csmonitor.com/images/WCW_SubPagesPromo.gif" width=136
border=0></A>
<DIV class=textadbox>
<DIV class=padding7>
<H4><A class=head4 href="/aboutus/companystore/index.html"><B>Monitor
Store</B></A></H4></DIV><!-- end padding Div --></DIV><!-- end Text Ad BOX Div --></DIV><!-- end Pub Column Div --><!-- end subscribe include --><!-- *********************** END subscribe include ******************** --><!-- *********************** BEGIN publishing column ad tags ******************** -->
<DIV class=spacer14><!-- BEGIN RICH-MEDIA BURST! CODE: 125x125 -->
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript>
<!--
ShowAdDesktopAd("ad10246a","125","125", "125X125A", "KEYWORD", "e7e7ce", "");
// --></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A
href="http://ads.addesktop.com/ads/ad10246a-map.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=125X125A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
target=_blank><IMG alt="Click Here"
src="http://ads.addesktop.com/cgi-bin/ads/ad10246a.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=125X125A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
border=0></A> </NOSCRIPT><!-- END BURST CODE 125x125 --><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=spacer14><!-- BEGIN RICH-MEDIA BURST! CODE: 120x600 -->
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript>
<!--
ShowAdDesktopAd("ad10246a","120","600", "120X600A", "KEYWORD", "e7e7ce", "");
// --></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A
href="http://ads.addesktop.com/ads/ad10246a-map.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=120X600A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
target=_blank><IMG alt="Click Here"
src="http://ads.addesktop.com/cgi-bin/ads/ad10246a.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=120X600A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
border=0></A> </NOSCRIPT><!-- END BURST CODE 120x600 --><BR></DIV><!-- BEGIN RICH-MEDIA BURST! CODE -->
<SCRIPT language=JavaScript>
<!--
ShowAdDesktopAd("ad10246a","1","1", "1X1A", "KEYWORD", "", "");
// --></SCRIPT>
<NOSCRIPT><A
href="http://ads.addesktop.com/ads/ad10246a-map.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=1X1A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
target=_blank><IMG alt="Click Here"
src="http://ads.addesktop.com/cgi-bin/ads/ad10246a.cgi/vr=1.0A/SZ=1X1A/kw=KEYWORD/ns"
border=0></A> </NOSCRIPT><!-- END BURST CODE --><!-- *********************** END publishing column ad tags ******************** --></TD><!-- ***** END right column --><!-- far right spacer cell -->
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000><IMG height=1 alt="" src="/images/s.gif"
width=1></TD></TR><!-- end left, middle, and right columns --></TBODY></TABLE><!-- ***** END main page content table ***** --><!-- *********************** BEGIN footer table include ***** -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=760 align=center border=0
VALIGN="TOP"><TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width=594 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="594" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=14 bgColor=#000000 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="14"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=150 bgColor=#000000 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="150"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD>
<TD width=1 bgColor=#000000 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=5 height=15><SPACER HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 bgColor=#000000 colSpan=5 height=3><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="3" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=5 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR><!-- begin nav -->
<TR>
<TD class=head4 align=middle width=760 colSpan=5><A class=head4
href="/index.html">Home</A> | <A class=head4
href="/aboutus/about_the_monitor.html">About
Us/Help</A> | <A class=head4
href="/cgi-bin/contactus.pl">Feedback</A> | <A
class=head4
href="/aboutus/p_subscribe.html">Subscribe</A> | <A
class=head4
href="http://www.csmonitorservices.com/archive?A-Footer">Archive</A> | <A
class=head4 href="/cgi-bin/redirect.pl?printEdition">Print
Edition</A> | <A class=head4
href="/aboutus/site_map.html">Site Map</A> | <A
class=head4 href="/rss/index.html">RSS</A> | <A
class=head4 href="/specials/index.html">Special
Projects</A> | <A class=head4
href="/aboutus/corrections.html">Corrections</A> </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=5 height=7><SPACER HEIGHT="7" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=head4 align=middle width=760 colSpan=5><A class=head4
href="/cgi-bin/contactus.pl">Contact Us</A> | <A
class=head4 href="/aboutus/privacy.html">Privacy
Policy</A> | <A class=head4
href="/aboutus/copyright.html">Rights &
Permissions</A> | <A class=head4
href="/aboutus/advertising.html">Advertise With
Us</A> | <A class=head4
href="/cgi-bin/redirect.pl?csArticle">Today's Article on Christian
Science</A> | <A class=head4
href="/linkslibrary/index.html">Web Directory</A> </TD></TR><!-- end nav -->
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=5 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 bgColor=#000000 colSpan=5 height=1><SPACER HEIGHT="1"
WIDTH="1" TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=5 height=14><SPACER HEIGHT="14" WIDTH="760"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class=head4 align=middle width=760 colSpan=5>www.csmonitor.com |
Copyright © 2005 The Christian Science Monitor. All rights
reserved.<BR></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD width=760 colSpan=5 height=21><SPACER HEIGHT="21" WIDTH="1"
TYPE="BLOCK"></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><!-- *********************** END footer table include ***** --><!--This is an article from The Christian Science Monitor. All articles are copyright year of publication by the Christian Science Publishing Society.
The Christian Science Monitor, e-Monitor and other related marks usedon this site are trademarks owned by The Christian Science Publishing Society.
All materials contained in The Christian Science Monitor Web site are protected by copyright. Materials may be downloaded and copied for personal non-commercial use only. In the event of such use, all copyright and other notices and clear attribution to The Christian Science Monitor must be maintained. The materials may not be modified, retransmitted, or used in whole or in part, in derivative works. All other uses, including reprinting, republishing, broadcast or any further distribution require written permission from The Christian Science Publishing Society.
To request permission to reproduce copyrighted material from our Web site, or to ask general questions about our reprint policy, e-mail us or contact:
The Christian Science Publishing Society C31
Attn: Copyright Administrator
One Norway Street
Boston MA 02115
phone: 617-450-2026
fax: 617-450-2031
--></BODY></HTML>