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<h1>No extra EU cash for languages 'until 2013'<span class="light">[<a href="http://www.euractiv.com/fr/culture/langues-financement-supplementaire-ue-2013/article-175536">fr</a>][<a href="http://www.euractiv.com/de/kultur/keine-zusatzlichen-eu-mittel-sprachen-2013/article-175537">de</a>] </span> </h1>
<div class="date">Published: Friday 19 September 2008 </div>
<p>No additional funding will be released to boost EU language policy until 2013 at the earliest, said the commissioner responsible for the dossier Leonard Orban yesterday (18 September 2008), unveiling the EU executive's new multilingualism strategy.</p>
<div lang="en" id="Auto">
<h3>Background:</h3>
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<p>Back in July, European business leaders released a <a onclick="javascript:urchinTracker('/Links/ec_europa_eu_education_languages_pdf_davignon_en_pdf');" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/davignon_en.pdf" target="_blank">report<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>warning that EU industry is at risk of losing competitiveness as other countries start outperforming the bloc in terms of language skills (<a title="EurActiv 14/07/08" href="http://www.euractiv.com/en/culture/report-eu-losing-business-due-lack-language-skills/article-174208">EurActiv 14/07/08</a>). </p>
<p>Their report complements an earlier <a onclick="javascript:urchinTracker('/Links/ec_europa_eu_education_languages_pdf_doc1646_en_pdf');" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/doc1646_en.pdf" target="_blank">one<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>from the High Level Group on Multilingualism chaired by Lebanese author Amin Maalouf, which urged EU citizens to learn a second, 'personal adoptive' foreign language alongside one acquired for professional reasons (<a title="EurActiv 31/01/08" href="http://www.euractiv.com/en/culture/eu-promote-language-learning-leisure/article-169978">EurActiv 31/01/08</a>). </p>
<p>The findings of both reports fed into yesterday's <a onclick="javascript:urchinTracker('/Links/ec_europa_eu_education_languages_pdf_com_2008_0566_en_pdf');" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/com/2008_0566_en.pdf" target="_blank">communication<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>. </p>
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<p>Presenting the <a onclick="javascript:urchinTracker('/Links/ec_europa_eu_education_languages_pdf_com_2008_0566_en_pdf');" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/com/2008_0566_en.pdf" target="_blank">communication<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>, entitled 'Multilingualism: an asset for Europe and a shared commitment', Commissioner Orban said "the implementation of the strategy does not require any additional budgetary resources". For the moment, "the 2007-2013 budget under the Lifelong Learning programme contains all the required funds," he explained. </p>
<p>The Commission intends to review the success of the new strategy in 2012, when it "will decide whether any additional funds will be required in the next period," the commissioner added. </p>
<p>Results "should not be expected overnight" but "I am convinced that we will be successful," Orban said. Rather than making new funding available, the Commission is backing an "inclusive approach" which seeks to "mainstream" languages across the full spectrum of EU policy, as revealed by EurActiv earlier this week (<a onclick="javascript:urchinTracker('/Links/www_euractiv_com_en_culture_commission-looks-language-skills-boost-eu-prosperity_article-175337');" href="http://www.euractiv.com/en/culture/commission-looks-language-skills-boost-eu-prosperity/article-175337" target="_blank">EurActiv 15/09/08</a>). </p>
<p>Indeed, the communication says the EU should "make the most of existing European programmes and initiatives" in the fields of education, media, research, social inclusion and competitiveness. To this end, Commissioner Orban said he would set up "a permanent platform" for exchange of best practice on language policy between governments, business, trade unions and academics. </p>
<p>The main objective of the communication is to "raise awareness of the value and opportunities of the EU's linguistic diversity and encourage the removal of barriers to intercultural dialogue". </p>
<p>Making the case for citizens to learn at least two foreign languages, including a 'personal adoptive' tongue to complement one acquired for professional reasons, the text warns that the plethora of languages spoken throughout the bloc "can widen the communication gap between people of different cultures and increase social divisions, giving the multilingual access to better living and working opportunities while excluding the monolingual". </p>
<p>But Emeritus Research Professor for Social Sciences Abram de Swaan of the University of Amsterdam disagrees. "The more languages we encourage, the more English will prevail," De Swaan believes. He goes as far as saying that "the EU is the biggest propagator of English in Europe," citing the fact that many sections of the EU institutions' websites can only be viewed in English and the reality of communication among participants in the Erasmus student mobility scheme as proof of this. </p>
<p>Meanwhile, the communication stresses the following key points: </p>
<ul>
<li>Language skills improve <strong>employability</strong> and boost business <strong>competitiveness</strong>.
<li>Languages promote <strong>mutual understanding</strong> in a multicultural society.
<li>European citizens should speak <strong>two languages</strong> in addition to their mother tongue.
<li>The <strong>media</strong> and <strong>new technologies</strong> can bridge the gap between speakers of different languages. </li></li></li></li></ul>
<p>But the text makes clear that the promotion of these goals must be achieved "within existing resources". What's more, language policy is largely a national competence, a situation which this communication will not change. </p>
<p>"Member states are the key decision-makers on language policy," while "many other organisations take decisions on the ground on language issues: educational providers, regional and local authorities, social partners, media and services," it states. "With this communication, we are prompting the EU member states, local authorities and social partners to join forces and take action," Orban explained. </p>
<p>Meanwhile, the EU institutions' translation and interpreting services, which absorb €1.1bn or 1% of the EU budget every year, were not addressed by the communication. "The strategy did not aim to solve the institutional side of multilingualism," said the commissioner. </p>
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<h3>Positions:</h3>
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<p>"Our inclusive approach takes into consideration the value and opportunities of linguistic diversity in Europe and the more individual needs of learning languages to communicate efficiently," said <strong>Multilingualism Commissioner Leonard Orban</strong>. "The harmonious co-existence of many languages in Europe is a powerful symbol of the EU's aspiration to be united in diversity," he added. </p>
<p>Warning that multilingualism cannot be taken for granted, <strong>Shada Islam</strong> of the <strong>European Policy Centre</strong> said "more effort and investment is required to protect it". "Languages enrich the EU's cultural heritage and identity and are good for its business and competitiveness," she added. </p>
<p>According to Emeritus Research Professor for Social Sciences <strong>Abram de Swaan</strong> of the <strong>University of Amsterdam</strong>, the EU's language diversity is a "pain in the neck" and "an obstacle" to the creation of a shared European public space. Describing the spread of English as "irreversible", he said realities such as the fact that most scientific papers must be written in English to get published was eroding the use of national languages in countries like Denmark. </p>
<p>Speaking at a public hearing on multilingualism last week, a <strong>University of Leuven</strong> professor criticised the 'personal adoptive' language idea, saying encouraging EU citizens to learn the language of their neighbour would never work in Belgium. </p>
<p>At the same event, a <strong>Commission official</strong> who sends his children to a Brussels-based European School said "diversity of language skills for young children is great," but questioned where the line should be drawn. "Which language is your mother tongue?," he asked. "Which one is in your heart?" </p>
<p>"Speaking four or so languages fluently from a young age is not quite the same as having a mother tongue," he said, claiming that it was even leading to a decline in the English skills among pupils at the school.</p>
<p><strong>Sandra Pralong</strong>, a member of the <strong>Group of Intellectuals on Multilingualism</strong>, outlined her vision of "a patchwork of bilateral relations stitching Europe together," whereby pockets of citizens in each country would learn different languages until all EU tongues are covered, eliminating the need for a common third one such as English or French. This is the motivation behind the 'personal adoptive language' concept promoted in the group's report and cited in the communication, she explained.</p>
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<h3>Next steps:</h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>2012</strong>: Commission to carry out global review of multilingualism policy.
<li><strong>2013</strong>: End of the current funding period for the EU's Lifelong Learning programme. </li></li></ul>
<h2>Links</h2>
<div><a class="LinkSection_Label" name="LinkSection1">EU official documents</a> </div>
<div>
<ul>
<li>European Commission: <a title="Communication: 'Multilingualism: an asset for Europe and a shared commitment'" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/com/2008_0566_en.pdf" target="_blank">Communication: 'Multilingualism: an asset for Europe and a shared commitment'<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>(18 September 2008) <a title="[FR]" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/com/2008_0566_fr.pdf" target="_blank">[FR]<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a><a title="[DE]" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/com/2008_0566_de.pdf" target="_blank">[DE]<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>
<li>Business Forum for Multilingualism: <a title="Report: 'Languages mean business: Companies work better with languages'" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/davignon_en.pdf" target="_blank">Report: 'Languages mean business: Companies work better with languages'<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>(July 2008) <a title="[FR]" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/davignon_fr.pdf" target="_blank">[FR]<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a><a title="[DE]" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/davignon_de.pdf" target="_blank">[DE]<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>
<li>Maalouf report: <a title="A Rewarding Challenge: How the multiplicity of languages could strengthen Europe" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/doc1646_en.pdf" target="_blank">A Rewarding Challenge: How the multiplicity of languages could strengthen Europe<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>(2008) <a title="[FR]" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/doc1646_fr.pdf" target="_blank">[FR]<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a><a title="[DE]" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/doc1646_de.pdf" target="_blank">[DE]<img height="14" alt="Pdf" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/pdficon.gif" width="14"> <img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a></li>
</li></li></ul></div><a class="LinkSection_Label" name="LinkSection2">European Union</a>
<ul>
<li>European Commission: <a title="Press release: The Commission aims to tap the full potential of languages" href="http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/1340&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en" target="_blank">Press release: The Commission aims to tap the full potential of languages<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a><a title="[FR]" href="http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/1340&format=HTML&aged=0&language=FR&guiLanguage=en" target="_blank">[FR]<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a><a title="[DE]" href="http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/1340&format=HTML&aged=0&language=DE&guiLanguage=en" target="_blank">[DE]<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>
<li>European Commission: <a title="Languages 2010: The contribution of languages to the Lisbon Strategy" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/eu-language-policy/doc120_en.htm" target="_blank">Languages 2010: The contribution of languages to the Lisbon Strategy<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a><a title="[FR]" href="http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/eu-language-policy/doc120_fr.htm" target="_blank">[FR]<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>
<li>European Year of Intercultural Dialogue 2008: <a title="Fifth Brussels Debate: 'Multilingualism in the European Union: a controversial topic'" href="http://www.interculturaldialogue2008.eu/405.0.html?&tx_ttnews[tt_news]=346&tx_ttnews[backPid]=333&cHash=5c24647402" target="_blank">Fifth Brussels Debate: 'Multilingualism in the European Union: a controversial topic'<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a>
<li>Europa: <a title="Languages portal" href="http://europa.eu/languages/en/home" target="_blank">Languages portal<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a><a title="[FR]" href="http://europa.eu/languages/fr/home" target="_blank">[FR]<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a><a title="[DE]" href="http://europa.eu/languages/de/home" target="_blank">[DE]<img height="14" alt="external" src="http://www.euractiv.com/css/icons/extlink.gif" width="14"> </a></li>
</li></li></li></ul>
<p><a href="http://www.euractiv.com/en/culture/extra-eu-cash-languages-2013/article-175525?_print">http://www.euractiv.com/en/culture/extra-eu-cash-languages-2013/article-175525?_print</a></p></div>
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