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<div class="timestamp">October 16, 2008</div>
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<h1>Canadian Liberals Look to Party's Future </h1>
<div class="byline">By <a title="More Articles by Ian Austen" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/a/ian_austen/index.html?inline=nyt-per"><font color="#000066">IAN AUSTEN</font></a></div>
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<p>OTTAWA — Prime Minister <a title="More articles about Stephen Harper." href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/h/stephen_harper/index.html?inline=nyt-per"><font color="#000066">Stephen Harper</font></a>'s first major act following his re-election on Tuesday will be hosting President <a title="More articles about Nicolas Sarkozy" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/s/nicolas_sarkozy/index.html?inline=nyt-per"><font color="#000066">Nicolas Sarkozy</font></a> of France and other leaders of the French-speaking world at a meeting this weekend. The summit meeting of the group, La Francophonie, however, will take him somewhere he may not want to visit immediately: Quebec City, in a province whose voters denied his Conservative Party full control of Parliament.</p>
<p>While Mr. Harper failed to obtain a majority in the House of Commons, he did defeat the <a title="More articles about Liberal Party" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/l/liberal_party/index.html?inline=nyt-org"><font color="#000066">Liberal Party</font></a>, which has dominated Canadian politics for much of the country's history, for the second consecutive time. The Liberals' loss of 19 Parliament seats can be attributed to a variety of factors, including the poor English of the party leader, Stéphane Dion, and an unpopular proposal to tax carbon emissions.</p>
<p>But as the election post-mortems got under way on Wednesday, some Liberals were suggesting that the only way to take on Mr. Harper may be to adopt one of his own strategies. In the same way that Mr. Harper rebuilt right-of-center politics in <a title="More news and information about Canada." href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/canada/index.html?inline=nyt-geo"><font color="#000066">Canada</font></a> through political party mergers, some Liberals are now considering the idea of an alliance, formal or otherwise, between their centrist party and the left-of-center New Democratic Party, which is known as the N.D.P. and is led by Jack Layton.</p>
<p>Ujjal Dosanjh, a former Liberal cabinet minister, blamed strong showings by New Democratic Party and Green Party candidates for enabling a Conservative to almost defeat him in his electoral district in Vancouver, British Columbia. "If this situation remains as is, the Liberal Party of Canada may not be able to form a government for a long time."</p>
<p>He added in the interview with the <a title="More articles about the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation." href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/canadian_broadcasting_corporation/index.html?inline=nyt-org"><font color="#000066">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</font></a>: "We have to broaden our coalition and bring in some of the New Democrats. And some of the New Democrats have to begin to think: is the country better off today with Mr. Layton having 10 more seats?" The New Democrats will control just 37 of the 308 seats in Parliament.</p>
<p>Mr. Dosanjh once asked himself a similar question. When he was premier of British Columbia, he was a New Democrat.</p>
<p>Although Mr. Harper failed in Quebec, his long-term strategy to reunite Conservatives was validated in Ontario. After long rejecting Conservative candidates, Ontario voters will send more Conservatives than Liberals to the next Parliament.</p>
<p>The bad times for Conservatives in Ontario dated from 1993, a year voters across the country rejected the Progressive Conservatives, as the party was then known. Conservative votes in western Canada went to the <a title="More articles about Reform Party" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/r/reform_party/index.html?inline=nyt-org"><font color="#000066">Reform Party</font></a>, a populist Western protest party, while in Quebec many of them shifted to the Bloc Québécois, which had been founded by <a title="More articles about Lucien Bouchard." href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/b/lucien_bouchard/index.html?inline=nyt-per"><font color="#000066">Lucien Bouchard</font></a>, a former Conservative cabinet minister. The Progressive Conservatives were reduced to just two members nationally.</p>
<p>Stephen Clarkson, a professor of political science at the University of Toronto who has written extensively about the Liberals, credits <a title="More articles about Conrad M. Black." href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/b/conrad_m_black/index.html?inline=nyt-per"><font color="#000066">Conrad M. Black</font></a> for bringing together Canada's conservatives by championing the unification cause through The National Post, a Toronto newspaper he founded in 1998.</p>
<p>"He made a huge contribution to the right in Canada by creating a newspaper that moved the country's political discourse to the right," Professor Clarkson said.</p>
<p>Nevertheless, it took until the end of 2003 for the Progressive Conservatives to merge with the Canadian Alliance, as the Reform Party had remade itself in a bid to develop a national base. Mr. Harper, who then headed the Canadian Alliance, led the merged Conservative Party.</p>
<p>Professor Clarkson, who is a Liberal, would like to see the New Democrats and his party at least formally cooperate.</p>
<p>But Alan J. Whitehorn, a political science professor at the Royal Military College in Kingston, Ontario, who has studied the New Democrats and other socialist movements in Canada, said such a merger was unlikely.</p>
<p>"I don't see the N.D.P. as ready to fold," he said. "The Liberals have a very interesting challenge. Not only are they being nibbled at by the left, they are also being nibbled by the Greens." </p>
<p>The Liberal Party's problems, Professor Whitehorn said, are somewhat of its own creation. In 2003, a Liberal government passed election changes that effectively shifted the bulk of party financing to payments from the government, which are based on votes. That reinvigorated the New Democrats and allowed the transformation of the Green Party into a national force. The Liberals, now no longer able to rely on large donations from corporations, have become a bit like traditional television networks in today's fragmented media market: financially weakened and trying to hold the attention of a mass audience.</p>
<p>"The harsh reality is that the Liberals are going to have to adapt more than any other political party," Professor Whitehorn said.</p></div>From the NYTimes, Thursday 10/16/08<br>
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